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Tomasco IH, Ceballos SG, Austrich A, Brook F, Caraballo DA, Fernández GP, Lanzone C, Mora MS, Parada A, Sánchez RT, Lessa EP. Underground speciation: Unraveling the systematics and evolution of the highly diverse tuco-tucos (genus Ctenomys) with genomic data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 199:108163. [PMID: 39079596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Subterranean rodents of the genus Ctenomys (tuco-tucos) are endemic to South America and have experienced relatively recent radiation. There are about 67 recognized species that originated in approximately 1-2 MY. They stand out for their species richness, extraordinary chromosomal diversity, and wide range of habitat they occupy in the continent. Phylogenetic relationships among species of tuco-tucos have been challenging to resolve. Groups of closely-related species have been suggested, but their relationships must be resolved. This study estimates the phylogeny of the genus using massive sequencing, generating thousands of independent molecular markers obtained by RADseq, with a taxonomic sampling that includes 66% of the recognized species. The sequences obtained were mapped against the C. sociabilis genome, recovering up to 1,215 widely shared RAD loci with more than 19,000 polymorphic sites. Our new phylogenetic hypothesis corroborated the species groups previously proposed with cytochrome b gene sequences and provided a much greater resolution of the relationships among species groups. The frater group is sister to all other tuco-tucos, whereas some of the earlierliest proposals placed the sociabilis group as sister to all other tuco-tucos. Ctenomys leucodon, previously proposed as an independent lineage, is associated with the frater group with moderate statistical support. The magellanicus and mendocinus are sister groups in a major clade formed by the boliviensis, talarum, tucumanus, torquatus, and opimus groups. Ctenomys viperinus, included in the phylogeny for the first time, belongs to the tucumanus group. This multi-locus phylogenetic hypothesis provides insights into the historical biogeography of understanding this highly diverse genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna H Tomasco
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, 11300, Uruguay.
| | - Santiago G Ceballos
- Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego (ICPA-UNTDF), Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Ailin Austrich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC) - (UNMDP-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Federico Brook
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evolución y Biodiversidad. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, sede Esquel, Argentina
| | - Diego A Caraballo
- Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela P Fernández
- Centro de Bioinvestigaciones CeBio, UNNOBA-CICBA - Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires CITNOBA UNNOBA-CONICET, Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Lanzone
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, FCEQyN, IBS, UNaM-CONICET, CPA N3300LQF Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Matías S Mora
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC) - (UNMDP-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Andrés Parada
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, 11300, Uruguay
| | - R Tatiana Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Biodiversidad Argentina (PIDBA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Enrique P Lessa
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, 11300, Uruguay
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Fornel R, Maestri R, Cordeiro-Estrela P, Sanfelice D, de Freitas TRO. Cranial morphological variation of Ctenomys lami (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) in a restricted geographical distribution. Genet Mol Biol 2023; 46:e20230130. [PMID: 37963285 PMCID: PMC10655944 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between chromosomal and morphological variation in mammals is poorly understood. We analyzed the cranial size and shape variation in Ctenomys lami concerning to the geographic variation in their chromosome numbers. This subterranean rodent occurs in a narrow range of sand-dunes in the Coastal Plain of southern Brazil. This species presents a high karyotypic variation with diploid numbers varying from 2n = 54 to 2n = 58, involving the fission and fusion of chromosome pairs 1 and 2. Due to different chromosome rearrangement frequencies along their geographic distribution, four karyotypic blocks were proposed. This study, explored cranium shape and size variation in geographical, chromosomal polymorphism, and chromosome rearrangements contexts to test whether the four karyotypic blocks reflect morphologically distinct units. For this, we measured 89 craniums using geometric morphometrics and used uni and multivariate statistics to discriminate the predicted groups and test for an association among chromosomal and morphological variation. Our results show the size and shape of sexual dimorphism, with males larger than females, and support the existence of four karyotypic blocks for Ctenomys lami based on morphological variation. However, our results do not support a direct relationship between chromosomal and cranial morphological variation in C. lami.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Fornel
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões,
Campus Erechim, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Renan Maestri
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Ecologia,
Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Sistemática e
Ecologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sanfelice
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do
Sul, Campus Restinga, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Verzi DH, De Santi NA, Olivares AI, Morgan CC, Basso NG, Brook F. A new species of the highly polytypic South American rodent Ctenomys increases the diversity of the magellanicus clade. VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3897/vz.73.e96656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The subterranean rodent Ctenomys is the most polytypic South American mammal genus and one of the most speciose and rapidly diversifying mammal genera in the world. Its systematics is unstable due to the underlying accelerated diversification processes that give rise to evolutionary lineages at different stages of differentiation and to remarkable morphological homogeneity even among long-differentiated species. As a result, species boundaries are often difficult to define. Diversity of this genus in the coastal area of central Argentina has been extensively studied, with two independent lineages currently recognized while a distinct third population had not been previously detected. Through a phylogenetic analysis based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, Bayesian estimates of divergence times, and morphometric and morphological assessments, we recognize this third population as an independently evolving lineage. The new species, Ctenomys pulcersp. nov., is here described for both the living fauna and the fossil record of the Pampean region of central Argentina. According to phylogenetic results, Ctenomys pulcersp. nov. belongs to the essentially Patagonian magellanicus clade, and would have diverged from its sister species, Ctenomys bidaui, during the middle Pleistocene (ca. 0.4 Ma). Its current distribution in the fixed and semifixed dunes of the coastal Pampean region is assumed to represent a relict of a wider and continuous distribution of potentially suitable environments during the late Pleistocene. Ctenomys pulcersp. nov. occurs in a particularly fragile natural system subjected to profound disturbances caused by diverse anthropic actions and therefore measures for the conservation of its habitat will be indispensable.
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Mapelli FJ, Teta P, Contreras F, Pereyra D, Priotto JW, Coda JA. Looking under stones: A new Ctenomys species from the rocky foothills of the Sierras Grandes of central Argentina. J MAMM EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10914-022-09634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Comprehensive cytogenetic analysis of the most chromosomally variable mammalian genus from South America: Ctenomys (Rodentia: Caviomorpha: Ctenomyidae). Mamm Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-022-00312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Carnovale CS, Fernández GP, Merino ML, Mora MS. Redefining the Distributional Boundaries and Phylogenetic Relationships for Ctenomids From Central Argentina. Front Genet 2021; 12:698134. [PMID: 34422000 PMCID: PMC8372524 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.698134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With about 68 recognized living species, subterranean rodents of the genus Ctenomys are found in a multiplicity of habitats, from the dunes of the Atlantic coast to the Andes Mountains, including environments ranging from humid steppes of Pampas to the dry deserts of Chaco region. However, this genus needs an exhaustive reevaluation of its systematic and phylogenetic relationships regarding the different groups that compose it. This knowledge is essential to propose biodiversity conservation strategies both at species level and at higher hierarchical levels. In order to clarify the taxonomy and the recent evolutionary history from populations of Ctenomys in the Pampas region, Argentina, phylogenetic relationships among them were evaluated using mitochondrial DNA sequences: gene encoding cytochrome b protein (1,140 bp) and the non-coding D-loop region (434 bp). To infer the divergence times inside the Ctenomys clade, a Bayesian calibrate tree using fossil remains data from different families within Caviomorpha was performed at first. Secondly, that calibration data was used as priors in a new Bayesian phylogenetic inference within the genus Ctenomys. This phylogenetic tree emphasized on species currently distributed on the Pampas region, more precisely considering both the talarum and mendocinus groups. Bayesian inferences (BI) were integrated with the results of a Maximum Likelihood approach (ML). Based on these results, the distributional limits of the mendocinus and talarum groups appear to be related to the physiognomy of the Pampas region soils. On the other hand, the validity of C. pundti complex as a differentiated species of C. talarum is debated. According to previous evidence from morphological and chromosomal studies, these results show a very low divergence between those species that originally were classified within the talarum group. Mitochondrial DNA sequences from populations associated with these putative species have not recovered as reciprocal monophyletic groups in the phylogenetic analyses. In conclusion, C. talarum and C. pundti complex might be considered as the same biological species, or lineages going through a recent or incipient differentiation process. The results obtained in this study have important implications for conservation policies and practices, since both species are currently categorized as Vulnerable and Endangered, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Soledad Carnovale
- Centro de Bioinvestigaciones (CeBio), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA-CICBA) / Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires CITNOBA (UNNOBA-CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Paula Fernández
- Centro de Bioinvestigaciones (CeBio), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA-CICBA) / Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires CITNOBA (UNNOBA-CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Mariano Lisandro Merino
- Centro de Bioinvestigaciones (CeBio), Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA-CICBA) / Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires CITNOBA (UNNOBA-CONICET), Pergamino, Argentina.,Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matías Sebastián Mora
- Grupo de Investigación: Ecología y Genética de Poblaciones de Mamíferos, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC, CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Hybridization between subterranean tuco-tucos (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) with contrasting phylogenetic positions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1502. [PMID: 32001746 PMCID: PMC6992752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive compatibility usually decreases according to increasing genetic difference and the time of divergence between species. However, the amount of modification required to influence hybridization may vary in different species. Thus, it is extremely important to conduct studies that seek to understand what and how variables influence the reproductive isolation of species. We have explored a system involving two species of subterranean rodents that present morphological, karyotypic, and evolutionary history differences and are capable of generating hybrids. To gain insight into the karyotype organization of genus Ctenomys, we examined the chromosome evolution by classical and molecular cytogenetics of both parental species and hybrids. Furthermore, we have used different approaches to analyze the differences between the parental species and the hybrids, and determined the origin of the hybrids. The results of our work demonstrate unequivocally that some species that present extensive differences in chromosome organization, phenotype, evolutionary history, sperm morphology and genetic, which are usually associated with reproductive isolation, can generate natural hybrids. The results also demonstrate that females of both species are able to generate hybrids with males of the other species. In addition, the chromosome-specific probes prepared from Ctenomys flamarioni provide an invaluable tool for comparative cytogenetics in closely related species.
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Contribution to the knowledge of the rare “Famatina tuco-tuco”, Ctenomys famosus Thomas 1920 (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae). MAMMALIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2017-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ctenomys famosus is one of the less known species of the genus, both in systematic and in phylogenetic aspects, as well as in its distribution and natural history. So far the only known specimens of this species are those from the type series, collected at the two localities mentioned in the original description, in La Rioja province, Argentina. We here provide new information about the species as well as some comments about the type locality, and add a new point to its known geographical distribution. In addition, the capture of topotypes allowed us to add unpublished information on molecular, morphological and cranial variables of the species. The phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial gene cytochrome b sequences positions C. famosus in the context of the existing phylogenetic hypotheses and proposals for the genus as belonging to the “mendocinus group”. This information can serve as a basis for future research that favors clarifying the evolutionary panorama of the group at the regional level, as well as for completing the existing relationships within the complex of the Argentine species of the genus.
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Mapelli FJ, Mora MS, Lancia JP, Gómez Fernández MJ, Mirol PM, Kittlein MJ. Evolution and phylogenetic relationships in subterranean rodents of the Ctenomys mendocinus species complex: Effects of Late Quaternary landscape changes of Central Argentina. Mamm Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mora MS, Mapelli FJ, López A, Gómez Fernández MJ, Mirol PM, Kittlein MJ. Landscape genetics in the subterranean rodent Ctenomys "chasiquensis" associated with highly disturbed habitats from the southeastern Pampas region, Argentina. Genetica 2017; 145:575-591. [PMID: 28905157 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-017-9983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Studies of genetic differentiation in fragmented environments help us to identify those landscape features that most affect gene flow and dispersal patterns. Particularly, the assessment of the relative significance of intrinsic biological and environmental factors affecting the genetic structure of populations becomes crucial. In this work, we assess the current dispersal patterns and population structure of Ctenomys "chasiquensis", a vulnerable and endemic subterranean rodent distributed on a small area in Central Argentina, using 9 polymorphic microsatellite loci. We use landscape genetics approaches to assess the relationship between genetic connectivity among populations and environmental attributes. Our analyses show that populations of C. "chasiquensis" are moderately to highly structured at a regional level. This pattern is most likely the outcome of substantial gene flow on the more homogeneous sand dune habitat of the Northwest of its distributional range, in conjunction with an important degree of isolation of eastern and southwestern populations, where the optimal habitat is surrounded by a highly fragmented landscape. Landscape genetics analysis suggests that habitat quality and longitude were the environmental factors most strongly associated with genetic differentiation/uniqueness of populations. In conclusion, our results indicate an important genetic structure in this species, even at a small spatial scale, suggesting that contemporary habitat fragmentation increases population differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Sebastián Mora
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, (IIMyC, CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 3rd floor, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Fernando J Mapelli
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, (IIMyC, CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 3rd floor, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Aldana López
- Área de Recursos Naturales, CONICET INTA EEA Bariloche, CC 277 8400, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - María Jimena Gómez Fernández
- Grupo de Genética y Ecología en Conservación y Biodiversidad, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", CONICET, Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia M Mirol
- Grupo de Genética y Ecología en Conservación y Biodiversidad, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", CONICET, Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo J Kittlein
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, (IIMyC, CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 3rd floor, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Abstract
Abstract
The tuco-tucos rodents (genus Ctenomys) of the Corrientes group comprise several populations that inhabit the vast area under the influence of the Iberá wetland. Lineage delimitation within the recently diverged Corrientes group is a challenging task as morphological differentiation is not conspicuous between populations. However, delimitation is crucial for evolutionary studies and conservation issues. In this study, we performed a phylogenetic analysis including cytochrome b (cyt-b) sequences from taxa that had never been studied in a comprehensive context. We integrated previously published chromosomal studies, mitochondrial phylogenies and simple sequence repeat (SSR) variability analyses, and applied a delimitation criterion over the basis of chromosomal incompatibilities and genetic exclusivity. Under this integrative approach seven independently evolving lineages were delimited in the Corrientes group: Ctenomys roigi, which conserves its former definition, Ctenomys dorbignyi and Ctenomys perrensi complex which were redefined, Sarandicito which includes the population of Paraje Sarandicito and probably a group of nearby poorly studied populations, and Iberá i, ii and iii distributed at both sides of the Iberá wetland. We discuss future perspectives to evaluate the proposed lineages and conservation issues concerning these tuco-tucos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A. Caraballo
- IFIBYNE-CONICET, Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular , Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular , Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria , Pabellón II, 2do piso, EHA1428 , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - María Susana Rossi
- IFIBYNE-CONICET, Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular , Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular , Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria , Pabellón II, 2do piso, EHA1428 , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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Mora MS, Mapelli FJ, López A, Fernández MJG, Mirol PM, Kittlein MJ. Population genetic structure and historical dispersal patterns in the subterranean rodent Ctenomys “chasiquensis” from the southeastern Pampas region, Argentina. Mamm Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Suárez-Villota EY, Pansonato-Alves JC, Foresti F, Gallardo MH. Homomorphic Sex Chromosomes and the Intriguing Y Chromosome of Ctenomys Rodent Species (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 2014; 143:232-40. [DOI: 10.1159/000366173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Chromosome synapsis and recombination in simple and complex chromosomal heterozygotes of tuco-tuco (Ctenomys talarum: Rodentia: Ctenomyidae). Chromosome Res 2014; 22:351-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-014-9429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Diversity of tuco-tucos (Ctenomys, Rodentia) in the Northeastern wetlands from Argentina: mitochondrial phylogeny and chromosomal evolution. Genetica 2012; 140:125-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-012-9664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Nieves M, De Oliveira EHC, Amaral PJS, Nagamachi CY, Pieczarka JC, Mühlmann MC, Mudry MD. Analysis of the heterochromatin of Cebus (Primates, Platyrrhini) by micro-FISH and banding pattern comparisons. J Genet 2011; 90:111-7. [PMID: 21677395 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-011-0047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The karyotype of the neotropical primate genus Cebus (Platyrrhini: Cebidae), considered the most ancestral one, shows the greatest amount of heterochromatin described among Platyrrhini genera. Banding techniques and restriction enzyme digestion have previously revealed great variability of quantity and composition of heterochromatin in this genus. In this context, we use fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to analyse this genomic region and discuss its possible role in the diversification of Cebus.We used a heterochromatin probe for chromosome 11 of Cebus libidinosus (11qHe+ CLI probe), obtained by chromosome microdissection. Twenty-six specimens belonging to the families Atelidae, Cebidae, Callitrichidae and Pithecidae (Platyrrhini) were studied. Fourteen out of 26 specimens were Cebus (Cebidae) individuals of C. libidinosus, C. xanthosternos, C. apella, C. nigritus, C. albifrons, C. kaapori and C. olivaceus. In Cebus specimens, we found 6 to 22 positive signals located in interstitial and telomeric positions along the different species. No hybridization signal was observed among the remaining Ceboidea species, thus reinforcing the idea of a Cebus-specific heterochromatin composed of a complex system of repetitive sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Nieves
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Evolutiva, Laboratorio 46, 4° piso, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II - Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güiraldes 2160 - C1428EGA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Dental anomalies in the Japanese mole Mogera wogura from northeast China and the Primorsky region of Russia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-011-0050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Parada A, D'Elía G, Bidau CJ, Lessa EP. Species groups and the evolutionary diversification of tuco-tucos, genusCtenomys(Rodentia: Ctenomyidae). J Mammal 2011. [DOI: 10.1644/10-mamm-a-121.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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STEINER-SOUZA FRANCISCO, DE FREITAS THALESRO, CORDEIRO-ESTRELA PEDRO. Inferring adaptation within shape diversity of the humerus of subterranean rodent Ctenomys. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Karyotypic and molecular polymorphisms in Ctenomys torquatus (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae): taxonomic considerations. Genetica 2009; 136:449-59. [PMID: 19118406 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-008-9345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The rodent genus Ctenomys (tuco-tucos) comprises more than 60 described species, and shows extraordinary inter- and intraspecific karyotypic variation. The most widely distributed species of Ctenomys in Brazil is C. torquatus. Although several cytogenetic studies have been done, the karyotypic variability of this species is still poorly known. In this paper we report two new diploid numbers for C. torquatus: 2n = 40 and 2n = 42, both showing AN = 72. The new distribution limits of C. torquatus here reported include localities in the southern, central and western parts of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State in southern Brazil. The phylogenetic relationship between C. torquatus from Alegrete, RS, and Ctenomys sp. from Corrientes, Argentina, is described by means of mtDNA cytochrome b analysis. Although both entities share similar karyotypes and sperm morphology, these two species are not phylogenetically close.
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FERNANDES FABIANOARAUJO, FORNEL RODRIGO, CORDEIRO-ESTRELA PEDRO, FREITAS THALESRENATOO. Intra- and interspecific skull variation in two sister species of the subterranean rodent genusCtenomys(Rodentia, Ctenomyidae): coupling geometric morphometrics and chromosomal polymorphism. Zool J Linn Soc 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00428.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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GARCIA L, PONSÀ M, EGOZCUE J, GARCIA M. Cytogenetic variation in Ctenomys perrensi (Rodentia, Octodontidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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ORTELLS MARCELOOSCAR, BARRANTES GEORGINAELIDA. A study of genetic distances and variability in several species of the genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Octodontidae) with special references to a probable causal role of chromosomes in speciation. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1994.tb01009.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Fernández-Stolz GP, Stolz JFB, de Freitas TRO. Bottlenecks and Dispersal in the Tuco-Tuco Das Dunas,Ctenomys flamarioni(Rodentia: Ctenomyidae), in Southern Brazil. J Mammal 2007. [DOI: 10.1644/06-mamm-a-210r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Mora MS, Lessa EP, Cutrera AP, Kittlein MJ, Vassallo AI. Phylogeographical structure in the subterranean tuco-tuco Ctenomys talarum (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae): contrasting the demographic consequences of regional and habitat-specific histories. Mol Ecol 2007; 16:3453-65. [PMID: 17688545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work we examined the phylogeography of the South American subterranean herbivorous rodent Ctenomys talarum (Talas tuco-tuco) using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region (D-loop) sequences, and we assessed the geographical genetic structure of this species in comparison with that of subterranean Ctenomys australis, which we have shown previously to be parapatric to C. talarum and to also live in a coastal sand dune habitat. A significant apportionment of the genetic variance among regional groups indicated that putative geographical barriers, such as rivers, substantially affected the pattern of genetic structure in C. talarum. Furthermore, genetic differentiation is consistent with a simple model of isolation by distance, possibly evidencing equilibrium between gene flow and local genetic drift. In contrast, C. australis showed limited hierarchical partitioning of genetic variation and departed from an isolation-by-distance pattern. Mismatch distributions and tests of neutrality suggest contrasting histories of these two species: C. talarum appears to be characterized by demographic stability and no significant departures from neutrality, whereas C. australis has undergone a recent demographic expansion and/or departures from strict neutrality in its mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías S Mora
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. CC1 245, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Mora MS, Lessa EP, Kittlein MJ, Vassallo AI. PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SUBTERRANEAN RODENT CTENOMYS AUSTRALIS IN SAND-DUNE HABITATS: EVIDENCE OF POPULATION EXPANSION. J Mammal 2006. [DOI: 10.1644/05-mamm-a-399r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Novello A, Villar S. Chromosome plasticity in Ctenomys (Rodentia Octodontidae): chromosome 1 evolution and heterochromatin variation. Genetica 2006; 127:303-9. [PMID: 16850234 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-005-5048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A chromosome 1 (Cr1) pericentric inversion is described in six of seven species in the genus Ctenomys (tuco-tucos) from Uruguay. The inversion was inferred from G-band analyses of subtelocentric Cr1 hypothesised to be derived from the ancestral metacentric condition. Cr1 varies across species in heterochromatin amount and localisation including a metacentric chromosome without positive C-bands in C. torquatus, a subtelocentric chromosome with heterochromatic short arms in C. rionegrensis, and a subtelocentric chromosome negative after C-banding in five of the species analysed here. Pachytene chromosomes from C. rionegrensis, a species with the highest heterochromatin content, and C. torquatus, one of the species with the lowest heterochromatin content, were analysed in order to assess possible mechanisms of heterochromatin evolution. This analysis revealed the presence of three heterochromatic chromocenters in C. rionegrensis where bivalents converge, while in C. torquatus only one chromocenter was observed. In both species, highly repetitive DNA was observed, localised in chromocenters after "in situ" hybridisation. Heterochromatin associated protein M31 was localised in chromocenters of both species after immuno-detection. The spread of heterochromatin in Ctenomys chromosomes could be produced by chromatin exchanges at the chromocenter level. We propose the exchange of this DNA associated proteins between non-homologous chromosomes in pachytene to be the responsible for the spread of heterochromatin through the karyotypes of species like C. rionegrensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Novello
- Sección Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Iguá 4225 P5, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Abstract
This report is a review of 20 years of cytogenetics studies in tuco-tucos from the south of Brazil and the implications for the evolution of these species as well as the relation of these data with the geological history of the Coastal Plain of southern Brazil. Two forms of Ctenomys torquatus, 2n = 44 and 46, are separated by a geographic barrier. Ctenomys flamarioni shows a constant karyotype (2n = 48) and presents high variability in FN due to constitutive heterochromatin variation. Ctenomys minutus presents the highest chromosomic variation among the species in the south of Brazil (2n = 42-50) with three chromosomic hybrid zones. Ctenomys lami, like C. minutus, presents a high chromosomic variation due to fusions and fissions of chromosome pairs 1 and 2. Both species present a close evolutionary relationship, including a chromosomic hybrid zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Renato O de Freitas
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, C.P. 15053, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Villar S, Martínez-López W, Folle G, Novello A. Cytogenetic analysis of different Ctenomys (Rodentia, Octodontidae) species from Uruguay using G-banding. Mamm Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Massarini AI, Dyzenchauz FJ, Tiranti SI. Geographic Variation of Chromosomal Polymorphism in Nine Populations of Ctenomys Azarae, Tuco-Tucos of the Ctenomys Mendocinus Group (Rodentia: Octodontidae). Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1998.00207.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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El Jundi TARJ, De Freitas TRO. Genetic and demographic structure in a population of Ctenomys lami (Rodentia-Ctenomyidae). Hereditas 2004; 140:18-23. [PMID: 15032943 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2004.01776.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The variability at eight microsatellite loci was analyzed in 88 individuals of Ctenomys lami, a species of tuco-tucos. Initially considered as three subpopulations, the estimated Fst values ranged from 0.0007 to 0.0589. Additionally, a Bayesian approach presented probabilities of 0.9933 for the existence of only one population. A Fis value of 0.19 could indicate an incipient structure. Sexual dimorphism was observed. The reproductive period was short and a seasonal pattern was observed with sex ratio of 1:1 during all seasons. Presence of recent bottleneck is described suggesting further research in this population to assess more complete and detailed data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik A R J El Jundi
- Genetic Department and Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre--RS, Brazil
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Lizarralde M, Bolzan A, Bianchi M. Karyotype evolution in South American subterranean rodents Ctenomys magellanicus (Rodentia: Octodontidae): chromosome rearrangements and (TTAGGG)n telomeric sequence localization in 2n=34 and 2n=36 chromosomal forms. Hereditas 2003; 139:13-7. [PMID: 14641468 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2003.01696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ctenomys is the most numerous genus of South American subterranean rodents and one of the most karyotypically diverse clades of mammals known. Ctenomys magellanicus is the southernmost species of the group and the only one living in Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). This species presents two chromosomal forms, i.e. 2n=34, and 2n=36 (FN=68). Recent studies suggest that genetic divergence between both karyotypic forms resulted from a chromosomal speciation process. In order to identify the chromosomal rearrangement involved in the process of karyotype evolution in this species, we used chromosome banding techniques and fluorescence in situ hybridization with a telomeric probe to metaphase chromosomes of the two chromosomal forms of Ctenomys magellanicus. Chromosome analysis of Giemsa-stained and G-banding preparations showed that Cm34 and Cm36 karyotypes differ in one rearrangement involving chromosomes A9 from Cm34 and B12 and B17 from Cm36. In addition FISH analysis showed that all of the chromosomes from both chromosomal forms exhibit a telomeric-only distribution pattern of the (TTAGGG)n sequence, indicating that none of the chromosomal forms of Ctenomys magellanicus has true telocentric chromosomes. Our results suggest that a chromosome fission event would have occurred during the process of karyotype evolution in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lizarralde
- Centro Austral de investigaciones Científicas, CADIC, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.
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Gava A, de Freitas TRO. CHARACTERIZATION OF A HYBRID ZONE BETWEEN CHROMOSOMALLY DIVERGENT POPULATIONS OF CTENOMYS MINUTUS (RODENTIA: CTENOMYIDAE). J Mammal 2002. [DOI: 10.1644/1545-1542(2002)083<0843:coahzb>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Slamovits CH, Cook JA, Lessa EP, Rossi MS. Recurrent amplifications and deletions of satellite DNA accompanied chromosomal diversification in South American tuco-tucos (genus Ctenomys, Rodentia: Octodontidae): a phylogenetic approach. Mol Biol Evol 2001; 18:1708-19. [PMID: 11504851 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between satellite copy number and chromosomal evolution in tuco-tucos (genus Ctenomys), a karyotypically diverse clade of rodents. To explore phylogenetic relationships among 23 species and 5 undescribed forms, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b genes of 27 specimens and incorporated 27 previously published sequences. We then used quantitative dot-blot techniques to assess changes in the copy number of the major Ctenomys satellite DNA (satDNA), named RPCS. Our analysis of the relationship between variation in copy number of RPCS and chromosomal changes employed a maximum-likelihood approach to infer the copy number of the satellite RPCS in the ancestors of each clade. We found that amplifications and deletions of RPCS were associated with extensive chromosomal rearrangements even among closely related species. In contrast, RPCS copy number stability was observed within clades characterized by chromosomal stability. This example reinforces the suspected role of amplification, deletion, and intragenomic movement of satDNA in promoting extensive chromosomal evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Slamovits
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Apfelbaum LI, Massarini AI, Daleffe LE, Reig OA. Genetic variability in the subterranean rodents Ctenomys australis and Ctenomys porteousi (Rodentia:Octodontidae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-1978(91)90067-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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