1
|
Nishita T, Anezaki R, Matsunaga K, Orito K, Kasuya T, Sakanoue H, Matsunaga A, Arishima K. Measurement of Carbonic Anhydrase I and II Isozymes in Feces as a Marker of Occult Blood in Horses with Intestinal Tract Bleeding. J Equine Sci 2013; 24:57-62. [PMID: 24834003 PMCID: PMC4013991 DOI: 10.1294/jes.24.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although endoscopy is the definitive diagnostic method for the detection of colonic
ulcers, the equipment required for performing the test is costly and difficult to use.
Therefore, a simple cost-effective and reliable screening test for intestinal tract
bleeding is needed. To this end, we measured carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CA-I and CA-II)
originating from erythrocytes by ELISA in order to determine if they could be used as
markers of occult blood in feces. For fecal extract preparation, 2 g of feces were mixed
with 4 ml of 0.01 M Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) containing 0.01% thimerosal. The concentrations of
CA-I and CA-II in the fecal samples of 13 clinically normal racehorses were found to be
30.0 ± 10.0 and 34.0 ± 13.0 ng/ml, respectively. Increased concentrations of CA-I were
detected in the fecal samples of 5 horses after blood administration; however, no increase
was observed in CA-II. The concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in the fecal samples of 88
racehorses with clinical signs of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) were 115.3 ± 79.0
and 41.0 ± 42.0 ng/ml, respectively. Thus, our results indicate that CA isozymes can be
useful as markers of occult blood in the fecal samples of horses with intestinal tract
bleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiho Nishita
- Laboratory of Physiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Ryou Anezaki
- Tsukuba Racehorse Clinic, 2-15-36 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0046, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsunaga
- Matsunaga Veterinary Clinic, 3334-2 Sakura, Inashiki, Ibaraki 300-0508, Japan
| | - Kensuke Orito
- Laboratory of Physiology II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Tamae Kasuya
- Laboratory of Physiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hideyo Sakanoue
- Laboratory of Physiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Akiko Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Physiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Arishima
- Laboratory of Anatomy II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ochiai H, Kanemaki N, Kamoshida S, Murakami M, Ichihara N, Asari M, Nishita T. Determination of full-length cDNA nucleotide sequence of equine carbonic anhydrase VI and its expression in various tissues. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 71:1233-7. [PMID: 19801906 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.71.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A full-length cDNA clone of an equine carbonic anhydrase (CA)-VI was obtained from the equine parotid gland. The cDNA sequence was 1338 bp long and was predicted to encode a 319 amino acid polypeptide with a putative signal peptide of 18 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of mature CA-VI showed the similarity of 70% to those of other mammalians reported. Westernblot analysis using anti-horse CA-VI peptide detected the single band in parotid gland, and the band reduced its size by treatment with N-glycosidase F. Additionally, CA-VI protein expression was confirmed in submandicular gland and weakly in liver. In contrast, RT-PCR analysis revealed signals in the digestive tract including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon as well as the salivary glands. In addition, certain signals were detected in testis, thyroid gland and liver, but not in nerve tissue, skeletal muscle, spleen or lymph node.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideharu Ochiai
- Research Institute of Biosciences, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kaseda M, Ichihara N, Nishita T, Amasaki H, Asari M. Immunohistochemistry of the Bovine Secretory Carbonic Anhydrase Isozyme (CA-VI) in Bovine Alimentary Canal and Major Salivary Glands. J Vet Med Sci 2006; 68:131-5. [PMID: 16520534 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.68.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we firstly demonstrated immunohistochemical expressions of secretory carbonic anhydrase (CA-VI) isozyme in bovine forestomach, large intestine and major salivary glands. CA-VI was detected in basal layer epithelial cells of esophageal and forestomach stratified epithelium, in mucous cells of upper glandular region of large intestine, in serous acinar cells of the parotid gland, in serous demilune cells and some ductal liner cells of mandibular, monostomatic sublingual and esophageal glands. These immunohistolocalizations suggested that bovine CA-VI plays various roles in pH regulation, maintenance of ion and fluid balance, and cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misato Kaseda
- Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 fuchinobe, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nishita T, Takahasi M, Kasuya T, Matsui K, Ichihara N, Murakami M, Asari M. Measurement of Erythrocyte Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes (CA-I and CA-II) in Racehorses and Riding Horses. J Vet Med Sci 2005; 67:63-7. [PMID: 15699596 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.67.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CA-I and CA-II) were purified from erythrocytes by several column chromatography. Polyclonal anti-CA-I and anti-CA-II sera were produced in rabbits. Sensitive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were established to determine the developmental changes in CA-I and CA-II levels in equine erythrocytes. Concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in erythrocytes from 150 clinically normal thoroughbreds (123 racehorses and 27 riding horses) were determined by ELISA. Mean (+/- SD) concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in racehorses were 1.70 +/- 0.48 and 0.94 +/- 0.13 mg/g hemoglobin (Hb), respectively. Mean concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in riding horses were 2.34 +/- 0.52 and 0.76 +/- 0.08 mg/g Hb, respectively. When the CA levels in racehorses and riding horses were compared, the CA-I level in riding horses was higher than that in racehorses (p=0.01). The CA-II level in racehorses was higher than that in riding horses (p=0.02). These data suggest that the levels of CA isozymes in erythrocytes of racehorses were influenced by chronic physical stress. The CA-I concentration in erythrocytes of 2-month-old horses was approximately 0.25 mg/g Hb. The CA-I level noticeably increased during the first year of life and approached normal adult levels by 2 years. The CA-II level decreased slightly with age, indicating different regulation of CA-I and CA-II expression during development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiho Nishita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology 1, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Amasaki T, Amasaki H, Nagasao J, Ichihara N, Asari M, Nishita T, Taniguchi K, Mutoh K. Immunohistochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in salivary gland and intestine in adult and suckling pigs. J Vet Med Sci 2001; 63:967-70. [PMID: 11642284 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.63.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Localizations of carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (CA I, CA II and CA III) were investigated immunohistochemically in the salivary glands and intestine of mature and suckling pigs. Carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes were not detected in the salivary glands of sucklings, but were present in the adult. Bicarbonate ion in saliva might be important for the digestion of solid foods in mature pigs, but unnecessary for the digestion of milk in sucklings. Expressions of CA I and CA II were detected strongly in the large intestine of the adult and sucklings, and faintly only at duodenum in the small intestine. CA I and CA II isoenzymes in the large intestine may be involved, at least in part, in ion absorption and water metabolism during digestion and absorption of milk in suckling pigs. In addition, CA I and CA II expression in the duodenal villus enterocyte may support the process of bicarbonate absorption in the duodenum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Amasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara-shi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Parkkila
- Departments of Anatomy and Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, FIN-90220 Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|