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Bornemann TLV, Adam PS, Turzynski V, Schreiber U, Figueroa-Gonzalez PA, Rahlff J, Köster D, Schmidt TC, Schunk R, Krauthausen B, Probst AJ. Genetic diversity in terrestrial subsurface ecosystems impacted by geological degassing. Nat Commun 2022; 13:284. [PMID: 35022403 PMCID: PMC8755723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27783-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Earth’s mantle releases 38.7 ± 2.9 Tg/yr CO2 along with other reduced and oxidized gases to the atmosphere shaping microbial metabolism at volcanic sites across the globe, yet little is known about its impact on microbial life under non-thermal conditions. Here, we perform comparative metagenomics coupled to geochemical measurements of deep subsurface fluids from a cold-water geyser driven by mantle degassing. Key organisms belonging to uncultivated Candidatus Altiarchaeum show a global biogeographic pattern and site-specific adaptations shaped by gene loss and inter-kingdom horizontal gene transfer. Comparison of the geyser community to 16 other publicly available deep subsurface sites demonstrate a conservation of chemolithoautotrophic metabolism across sites. In silico replication measures suggest a linear relationship of bacterial replication with ecosystems depth with the exception of impacted sites, which show near surface characteristics. Our results suggest that subsurface ecosystems affected by geological degassing are hotspots for microbial life in the deep biosphere. Geological degassing can impact subsurface metabolism. Here, the authors describe microbial communities from a cold-water geyser are described and compared with other deep subsurface sites, finding a key role for an uncultivated archaeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till L V Bornemann
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis S Adam
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Victoria Turzynski
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schreiber
- Department of Geology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Janina Rahlff
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linneaus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Daniel Köster
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Krauthausen
- Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander J Probst
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. .,Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, Essen, Germany.
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Li F, Zheng YM, He JZ. Microbes influence the fractionation of arsenic in paddy soils with different fertilization regimes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2009; 407:2631-2640. [PMID: 19155050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2008] [Revised: 12/06/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sequential extraction procedures were used to investigate the influence of the microbes on the distribution of arsenic in a Chinese paddy soil under different long-term fertilization treatments. The paddy soil with four long-term fertilization treatments (CK, M, NPK and NPK+M) and three levels of arsenate addition (0, 50, 100 mg As kg(-1) dry soil), were selected to construct microcosms for laboratory incubation. After the incubation, soil samples were sequentially extracted to determine As in various fractions, i.e. water soluble (F0), exchangeable (F1), bound to carbonates (F2), bound to Fe and Mn oxides (F3), bound to organic matter and sulfides (F4), and residual (F5, mineral matrix). Results showed that most of the As was fixed by mineral matrix (F5, ratios ranging from 46.22% to 96.37%), followed by As bound to Fe and Mn oxides (F3, ratios ranging from 3.14% to 28.18%), and the ratios of the other four fractions (F0, F1, F2 and F4) were mostly less than 10%. The microbes in the paddy soil could make As transform from inactive fraction (F5) to relatively active fractions (F0, F1, F2 and F3) and thus increase its environmental risk. With the increase of the As addition levels and with the application of manure or chemical NPK fertilizers, As was distributed more in the relatively active fractions (F0, F1, F2, F3 and F4) in the paddy soil mediated by the microbes. In addition, Fe and Mn oxides could play an important role in decreasing the As leaching potential from the mineral matrix to soil solution and thus abate the As risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Turpeinen R, Pantsar-Kallio M, Kairesalo T. Role of microbes in controlling the speciation of arsenic and production of arsines in contaminated soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2002; 285:133-145. [PMID: 11874036 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(01)00903-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The influence of microbes on the speciation of arsenic and production of arsines in contaminated soils was investigated under laboratory conditions. Microbes were able to carry out reactions that resulted in changes in the speciation of arsenic in soil. The transformation of soil dominating species, arsenate [As(V)], under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions to arsenite [As(III)], monomethylarsonic acid [MMAA], dimethylarsinic acid [DMAA] and to volatile trimethylarsine [TMA] was, however, less than 0.5%, of which the production of TMA represented 0.02-0.3%. The volatilization process was also verified in the field, in the soil of a dumping area. The 'life-time' of arsines in air was, however, short and they were rapidly converted back to water soluble species, As(V) and trimethyl arsine oxide (TMAO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Riina Turpeinen
- Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland.
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Koski-Vähälä J, Hartikainen H. Assessment of the risk of phosphorus loading due to resuspended sediment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2001; 30:960-966. [PMID: 11401287 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2001.303960x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Resuspension is a multiphase phenomenon where suspended solids encounter water layers differing in physico-chemical properties that affect the reactions of phosphorus (P). The role of resuspended sediment as a sink or source of dissolved P was determined in a laboratory study of P desorption-sorption equilibria. Gradual mixing was simulated using decreasing solid concentrations and varying environmental conditions (pH, redox, ionic strength). To describe the P exchange when the particles encounter dissimilar water layers, the extent of P sorption to or desorption from solids was expressed as a function of P concentration in the bath solutions. The equilibrium phosphorus concentration (EPC), at which there is no net P release from or retention to the particles, proved to be a suitable parameter for assessment of P load risk. Under oxic conditions at pH 7, commonly prevailing in lakes, the EPC values ranged from 11 to 27 microg P L(-1). The larger the water volume the suspended material was mixed with, the higher the P concentration, allowing desorption to occur. As for chemical factors affecting P mobilization, EPC followed the order: pH 7 < pH 7 anoxic < pH 9. A separate extraction experiment revealed that elevated pH enhanced P mobilization more as the concentration of solids decresed. The results demonstrate that high pH (a common characteristic in eutrophic lakes during summer), when linked with intensive resuspension, may markedly increase the internal P loading risk. As for the risk assessment, the quantification of the internal P loading would be improved by isotherm studies combined with field observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Koski-Vähälä
- Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Turpeinen R, Pantsar-Kallio M, Häggblom M, Kairesalo T. Influence of microbes on the mobilization, toxicity and biomethylation of arsenic in soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 1999; 236:173-80. [PMID: 10535151 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
To understand the effects of microbial activity on the mobilization and speciation of arsenic in soil, the cycling of arsenic was studied in microcosm experiments under laboratory conditions. Particular attention was paid to the biomethylation of arsenic and to the toxicity of inorganic and organic arsenic species for microbes. Microbes enhanced mobilization of arsenic from soil by 19-24% compared to formaldehyde inhibited controls. Formation of dissolved methylated arsenic species by microbes was low (< 0.1%) during the 5-day incubation. Even though methylation may function as a detoxification method, it was of minor importance in the soil tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Turpeinen
- Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland
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