Raposo D, Orfão J, Menezes M, Trindade-Soares M, Guimarães A, Freire F. Auditory Brainstem Response in Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020;
164:884-888. [PMID:
32928029 DOI:
10.1177/0194599820955181]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To analyze auditory brainstem response (ABR) findings of preterm and term infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with perinatal problems.
STUDY DESIGN
Case series with chart review.
SETTING
Secondary care hospital.
METHODS
Analysis consisted of a consecutive series of 101 infants (69 preterm and 32 term) admitted in the NICU of Hospital Fernando Fonseca between 2016 and 2018 with perinatal problems who underwent an ABR evaluation.
RESULTS
The major perinatal problems identified were hyperbilirubinemia, intravenous gentamicin >5 days, mechanical ventilation >5 days, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, meningitis, and periventricular hemorrhage. Gentamicin use significantly increased the absolute latency of wave I in preterm infants (95% CI, 0.01-0.37; P = .037). Mechanical ventilation significantly decreased the latency of wave V and intervals I-V and III-V in preterm infants (95% CI, -0.35 to -0.22; P = .026; 95% CI, -0.33 to -0.00; P = .001; 95% CI, -0.46 to 0.12; P = .049). Congenital cytomegalovirus significantly decreased interval III-V in preterm infants (95% CI, -0.36 to -0.01; P = .042).Multivariate analysis revealed that gentamicin use, lower gestational age, and lower birth weight predicted an increased ABR threshold in preterm infants (95% CI, 1.64-15.31; P = .016; 95% CI -1.72 to -0.09; P = .030; 95% CI, -14.55 to -0.63; P = .033). ABR measurements in term infants were not significantly altered, with the exception of an increased latency of wave III with a lower gestational age (95% CI, -0.49 to -0.01; P = .038).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that perinatal problems in the NICU significantly impair the ABR threshold and the auditory pathway maturational process in preterm but not term infants.
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