Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the larynx

Our experience in the treatment of Malignant Fibrous Hystiocytoma of the larynx: clinical diagnosis, therapeutic approach and review of literature

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) are both life threatening hemotologic diseases. They are rarely seen to occur simultaneously in one individual patient. Here we demonstrate a case of HS associated with CML in this study. The patient is a young female, diagnosed with HS in 2005, and was given partial embolization of the splenic artery. She got significant remission after the procedure. In 2008, she was found abnormal in blood routine test, after bone marrow routine, chromosome and fusion gene tests, she was diagnosed with CML (chronic phase). She did not receive regular treatment until 3 months prior, and is currently being treated with Dasatimib. She achieved hematological remission, but had no significant improvement in chromosome and fusion gene figures. Due to her severe condition of hemolysis, a splenectomy or an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is considered.

Simultaneous squamous cell carcinoma with primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the larynx: a case report

Simultaneous multiple malignancies of the larynx are rarely reported. In this study, we describe a case with simultaneous laryngeal, moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) in a patient presenting with progressive hoarseness and without cervical lymphadenopathy. The clinical presentation, intraoperative findings, radiographic images and pathology slides are presented. The diagnosis was confirmed using H&E staining and immunohistochemical testing. A partial laryngectomy with bilateral neck selective dissection was performed. The patient survived for more than 46 months following surgery without recurrence or metastasis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case with simultaneous laryngeal SCC and primary MFH in the English literature. The results indicate that the markers used to assess the prognosis of MFH may also be used to assess simultaneous laryngeal SCC and primary MFH, and that laryngectomy to preserve function may be performed in early-stage patients.

Giant cell tumor of the larynx: a clinicopathologic series of eight cases and a review of the literature

True giant cell tumors of the larynx (GCTL) are quite rare, and only individual case reports are documented in the literature. Eight cases of GCTL were identified in the Otorhinolaryngic Pathology Tumor Registry between 1966 and 2000. There were 2 women and 6 men, ages 26 to 62 years (mean, 44.5 yrs). Patients presented with a palpable neck mass (n = 5), airway obstruction (n = 3), hoarseness (n = 3), and dysphagia (n = 2). All tumors involved the thyroid cartilage, a few with local extension. The mean tumor size was 4.1 cm. Histologically, the tumors showed no connection to the surface epithelium and arose in sites of ossification. The tumors had an expansile, infiltrative growth and consisted of numerous multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells within a cellular stroma composed of plump, oval mononuclear cells. Of interest was that the nuclei of the giant cells were similar to the nuclei of the stromal cells. Treatment included biopsy only with adjuvant therapy (n = 2), local resection (n = 3), and total laryngectomy (n = 3). Follow-up showed 5 patients were alive without evidence of disease (mean follow-up, 6.9 yrs); 2 died of unrelated causes (mean survival, 22.2 yrs). No patients developed recurrences. GCTL are rare tumors that can cause significant airway obstruction. Complete surgical resection yields an excellent outcome without adjuvant therapy.

Regional and distant metastases in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal sarcomas

Cervical node and distant metastases are the most important prognostic factors in malignant laryngeal neoplasms. Owing to the unusual occurrence of laryngeal sarcomas, the prevalence of their metastases has never been analyzed in detail. We reviewed the laryngeal sarcomas reported in the literature and noticed that both regional and distant metastases are rare events and variable for different histotypes. These observations have obvious therapeutic and prognostic implications.