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Association of HLA-DR1, HLA-DR13, and HLA-DR16 Polymorphisms with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8140982. [PMID: 35469345 PMCID: PMC9034954 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8140982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The principal purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association between HLA-DRB1 (HLA-DR1, HLA-DR13, and HLA-DR16) polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility. Methods We searched published case-control studies on the association between HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility from PubMed and Web of Science databases. The pooled ORs with 95% CIs were utilized to estimate the strength of association of HLA-DR1, HLA-DR13, and HLA-DR16 polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility by fixed effect models. We also performed sensitivity analysis, trial sequential analysis, Begg's test, and Egg's test in this meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall analysis showed that HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR13 polymorphisms were associated with a decreased risk of SLE (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65-0.90, P < 0.01; OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.50-0.68, P < 0.01), and HLA-DR16 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of SLE (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.24-2.33, P < 0.01). In subgroup analysis of ethnicity, the results were as follows: HLA-DR1 polymorphism in Caucasians (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58-0.98,P = 0.04) and North Americans (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.96,P = 0.03); HLA-DR13 polymorphism in Caucasians (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.82,P < 0.01) and East Asians (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34-0.57,P < 0.01); and HLA-DR16 polymorphism in East Asians (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.71-4.03,P < 0.01). Conclusions This meta-analysis showed that HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR13 are protective factors for SLE, and HLA-DR16 is a risk factor. Due to the limitations of this meta-analysis, the association between HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility needs to be further researched before definitive conclusions are proved.
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Simons ND, Eick GN, Ruiz-Lopez MJ, Omeja PA, Chapman CA, Goldberg TL, Ting N, Sterner KN. Cis-regulatory evolution in a wild primate: Infection-associated genetic variation drives differential expression of MHC-DQA1 in vitro. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:4523-4535. [PMID: 28665019 PMCID: PMC5570663 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have combined genetic association analyses with functional characterization of infection-associated SNPs in natural populations of nonhuman primates. Here, we investigate the relationship between host genetic variation, parasitism and natural selection in a population of red colobus (Procolobus rufomitratus tephrosceles) in Kibale National Park, Uganda. We collected parasitological, cellular and genomic data to test the following hypotheses: (i) MHC-DQA1 regulatory genetic variation is associated with control of whipworm (Trichuris) infection in a natural population of red colobus; (ii) infection-associated SNPs are functional in driving differential gene expression in vitro; and (iii) balancing selection has shaped patterns of variation in the MHC-DQA1 promoter. We identified two SNPs in the MHC-DQA1 promoter, both in transcription factor binding sites, and both of which are associated with decreased control of Trichuris infection. We characterized the function of both SNPs by testing differences in gene expression between the two alleles of each SNP in two mammalian cell lines. Alleles of one of the SNPs drove differential gene expression in both cell lines, while the other SNP drove differences in expression in one of the cell lines. Additionally, we found evidence of balancing selection acting on the MHC-DQA1 promoter, including extensive trans-species polymorphisms between red colobus and other primates, and an excess of intermediate-frequency alleles relative to genome-wide, coding and noncoding RADseq data. Our data suggest that balancing selection provides adaptive regulatory flexibility that outweighs the consequences of increased parasite infection intensity in heterozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah D. Simons
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Geeta N. Eick
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | | | - Patrick A. Omeja
- Makerere University Biological Field Station, P.O Box 967, Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Colin A. Chapman
- Makerere University Biological Field Station, P.O Box 967, Fort Portal, Uganda
- Department of Anthropology and McGill School of Environment, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2T7, Canada
| | - Tony L. Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53725, USA
- Global Health Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Nelson Ting
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
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Role of MHC-linked susceptibility genes in the pathogenesis of human and murine lupus. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:584374. [PMID: 22761632 PMCID: PMC3385965 DOI: 10.1155/2012/584374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and a systemic inflammation that can damage a broad spectrum of organs. SLE patients suffer from a wide variety of symptoms, which can affect virtually almost any tissue. As lupus is difficult to diagnose, the worldwide prevalence of SLE can only be roughly estimated to range from 10 and 200 cases per 100,000 individuals with dramatic differences depending on gender, ethnicity, and location. Although the treatment of this disease has been significantly ameliorated by new therapies, improved conventional drug therapy options, and a trained expert eye, the underlying pathogenesis of lupus still remain widely unknown. The complex etiology reflects the complex genetic background of the disease, which is also not well understood yet. However, in the past few years advances in lupus genetics have been made, notably with the publication of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in humans and the identification of susceptibility genes and loci in mice. This paper reviews the role of MHC-linked susceptibility genes in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease with an unclear pathophysiology characterized by ectopic endometrium causing endometrium-like inflammatory lesions outside the uterine cavity. Recently, a number of studies have investigated genetic polymorphisms as a possible factor contributing to the development of endometriosis. In this review, we have summarized current data regarding genes with nucleotide polymorphisms investigated with regard to endometriosis. We searched PubMed for publications on endometriosis and polymorphism and found 108 publications between January 1979 and September 2005. These were classified according to the type of genetic polymorphism investigated and whether the result favored or did not favor association with endometriosis. We found a strikingly large amount of conflicting results. About 50% of the reviewed studies demonstrated positive correlations between different polymorphisms and endometriosis. This relation is most clearly seen in groups 1 (cytokines and inflammation), 2 (steroid-synthesizing enzymes and detoxifying enzymes and receptors), 4 (estradiol metabolism), 5 (other enzymes and metabolic systems), and 7 (adhesion molecules and matrix enzymes). Group 8 (apoptosis, cellcycle regulation, and oncogenes) seemed to be negatively correlated with the disease, whereas group 3 (hormone receptors), 6 (growth factor systems), and especially 9 (human leukocyte antigen system components) showed a relatively strong correlation. The review indicates that polymorphisms may have a limited value in assessing possible development of endometriosis. TARGET AUDIENCE Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians. LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completion of this article, the reader should be able to recall the complexity of attempting to link endometriosis to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), explain that the literature is varied on results and recommendations and is population specific, and state that there are some SNP relationships that are clinically stronger than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Falconer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Loisel DA, Rockman MV, Wray GA, Altmann J, Alberts SC. Ancient polymorphism and functional variation in the primate MHC-DQA1 5' cis-regulatory region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:16331-6. [PMID: 17053068 PMCID: PMC1637582 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0607662103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise regulation of MHC gene expression is critical to vertebrate immune surveillance and response. Polymorphisms in the 5' proximal promoter region of the human class II gene HLA-DQA1 have been shown to influence its transcriptional regulation and may contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. We investigated the evolutionary history of this cis-regulatory region by sequencing the DQA1 5' proximal promoter region in eight nonhuman primate species. We observed unexpectedly high levels of sequence variation and multiple strong signatures of balancing selection in this region. Specifically, the considerable DQA1 promoter region diversity was characterized by abundant shared (or trans-species) polymorphism and a pronounced lack of fixed differences between species. The majority of transcription factor binding sites in the DQA1 promoter region were polymorphic within species, and these binding site polymorphisms were commonly shared among multiple species despite evidence for negative selection eliminating a significant fraction of binding site mutations. We assessed the functional consequences of intraspecific promoter region diversity using a cell line-based reporter assay and detected significant differences among baboon DQA1 promoter haplotypes in their ability to drive transcription in vitro. The functional differentiation of baboon promoter haplotypes, together with the significant deviations from neutral sequence evolution, suggests a role for balancing selection in the evolution of DQA1 transcriptional regulation in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagan A. Loisel
- *Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
| | - Matthew V. Rockman
- Lewis–Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Gregory A. Wray
- *Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705
| | - Jeanne Altmann
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
- Department of Conservation Biology, Chicago Zoological Society, Brookfield, IL 60513; and
- **Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
| | - Susan C. Alberts
- *Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705
- **Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
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Harley JB, Kelly JA, Kaufman KM. Unraveling the genetics of systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:119-30. [PMID: 17021721 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-006-0040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Accepted: 07/14/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to locate polymorphisms on a virtually complete map of the human genome coupled with the ability to accurately evaluate large numbers (by historical standards) of genetic markers has led to gene identification in complex diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus). While this is a phenotype with enormous clinical variation, the twin studies and the observed familial aggregation, along with the genetic effects now known, suggest a strong genetic component. Unlike type 1 diabetes, lupus genetics is not dominated by the powerful effect of a single locus. Instead, there are at least six known genetic association effects in lupus of smaller magnitude (odds ratio <2), and at least 17 robust linkages (established and arguably confirmed independently) defining potentially responsible genes that largely remain to be discovered. The more convincing genetic associations include the human leukocyte antigen region (with multiple genes), C1q, PTPN22, PDCD1, Fc receptor-like 3, FcgammaRIIA, FcgammaRIIIA, interferon regulatory factor 5, and others. How they contribute to disease risk remains yet to be clarified, beyond the obvious speculation derived from what has previously been learned about these genes. Certainly, they are expected to contribute to lupus risk independently and in combination with each other, with genes not yet identified, and with the environment. A substantial number of genes (>10) are expected to be identified to contribute to lupus or in its many subsets defined by clinical and laboratory features.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Harley
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Cortes LM, Baltazar LM, Lopez-Cardona MG, Olivares N, Ramos C, Salazar M, Sandoval L, Lorenz MGO, Chakraborty R, Paterson AD, Rivas F. HLA class II haplotypes in Mexican systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Hum Immunol 2005; 65:1469-76. [PMID: 15603875 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which polymorphisms within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region have been associated to its etiology. For this study, HLA-DQB1, DQA1, and DRB1 genes were typed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer in 237 individuals, taken from 74 families, who had a member with SLE, and who had their residence in the western region of Mexico; as well as in 159 ethnically matched healthy volunteers taken from 32 families. Genotype and allele frequency analysis was performed in 74 SLE patients and 54 unrelated controls. Precise three-loci identification of independent haplotypes was performed in 48 patients and 54 controls by familial segregation. Genotype distribution at each loci was concordant with Hardy-Weinberg's equilibrium in the control group. In general, no genotype effect was observed in SLE patients. Allele distribution comparison showed in the SLE group a significant increase of HLA-DQA1*0102, DQB1*0402, and DRB1*15; whereas alleles HLA-DQB1*0303 and *0501 were significantly decreased. SLE patients showed haplotype DQB1*0602-DQA1-*0102-DRB1*15 increased. As expected, patients with SLE have a reduced haplotype genetic diversity. The associations found in this study are related to an ancestral haplotype that has been observed in SLE populations of different origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizette M Cortes
- Division of Immunology, HCMNO Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico.
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Ishii K, Takakuwa K, Mitsui T, Tanaka K. Studies on the human leukocyte antigen-DR in patients with endometriosis: genotyping of HLA-DRB1 alleles. Hum Reprod 2002; 17:560-3. [PMID: 11870103 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/17.3.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of reports suggest that endometriosis is associated with abnormal immune function involving changes in both cell-mediated and humoral immunity, although the aetiology of the disease remains undefined. The human leukocyte antigen system (HLA) is known to play a role in the aetiology of a number of diseases. This study examines the possible association between the HLA-DR and endometriosis. METHODS Eighty-three patients diagnosed with endometriosis by laparoscopic examination were typed for HLA-DR antigens using a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The frequency of HLA-DR genotypes in this patient population was compared with that in a population of general controls. RESULTS The incidence of HLA-DRB1*1403 in the patient group was 6.0% (10/166 alleles) compared with 1.4% in the control group (6/444 alleles), and the incidence of the HLA-DRB1*1403 allele was significantly greater in patients with endometriosis compared with the control population [odds ratio 4.68, 95% confidence interval 1.67-13.09, P = 0.0013 (chi(2) analysis), (corrected P values: Pc = 0.0494)]. No significant difference was found between the two groups with regards to the frequency of the other HLA-DR alleles. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study may be helpful to implicate a role of HLA-DR antigens in the development of endometriosis, although further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ishii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
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Alaez C, Vázquez-García MN, Gorodezky C. DQA1 and DQB1 promoter diversity and linkage disequilibrium with class II haplotypes in Mexican Mestizo population. Genes Immun 2001; 2:216-21. [PMID: 11477477 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2001] [Revised: 04/16/2001] [Accepted: 04/16/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The upstream sequences in the 5' flanking region of HLA class II genes, regulate their expression and contribute to the development of immunological diseases. We analyzed 105 healthy unrelated Mexican Mestizos for QAP and QBP polymorphism. DNA typing for DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, QAP1 and QBP1 was done using a standardized PCR-SSOP. Although all QAP alleles previously described were found in Mexicans, the distribution differed as compared to other populations. QAP-3.1, 4.1 and 4.2 were the most frequent alleles and were associated with DQA1*03, *0501 and *0402 respectively. The prevalent QBP alleles were 3.21, 3.1 and 4.1 found mainly associated with DQB1*0302, *0301 and *0501. Linkage disequilibria between the promoter and the corresponding DQA1 and DQB1 allele, are in general the same as described by others. A total of 61 different haplotypes were defined, only six of them with a frequency above 4%. The haplotypes DRB1*0407-QAP-3.1-DQA1*03-QBP-3.21-DQB1*0302 (HF = 14.37%) and DRB1*0802-QAP-4.2-DQA1*0401-QBP-4.1-DQB1*0402 (HF = 14.22%), which have an Amerindian ancestry, are the most frequent in Mexicans. Some rare combinations were detected such as DRB1*0405-QAP-1.3-DQA1*0101/4-QBP-5.11/5.12-DQB1*0501 and DRB1*0403-QAP-3.2-DQA1*03-QBP-3.21-DQB1*0302, probably due to ancient recombination events. This knowledge is relevant as a basis to evaluate functional implications and to explore the role of promoter diversity in disease expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alaez
- Department of Immunogenetics. Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, InDRE, SSA, Mexico
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Bennetts BH, Teutsch SM, Buhler MM, Heard RN, Stewart GJ. HLA-DMB gene and HLA-DRA promoter region polymorphisms in Australian multiple sclerosis patients. Hum Immunol 1999; 60:886-93. [PMID: 10527398 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(99)00054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The MHC region has been shown to contain a susceptibility locus for multiple sclerosis (MS). While the strongest association to date has been between HLA-DRB1*1501 and MS, the exact nature of the MHC association in MS remains unclear. Two candidate polymorphic loci within the MHC class II region, the HLA-DMB gene and the HLA-DRA promoter, which lie close to HLA-DRB1, were therefore examined in an Australian MS population. The HLA-DMB*0103 phenotype was increased in the MS patients (46% vs. 30%) and the frequency of the HLA-DRA promoter A allele was also increased (81% vs. 68%). When the subjects were stratified into HLA-DRB*1501 positive and negative individuals these associations were not significantly different. This is a result of the strong linkage disequilibrium between HLA-DRB*1501 and both HLA-DMB*0103 and the HLA-DRA promoter A allele. The complete linkage between DRB1*1501 and the HLA-DRA promoter A allele indicates that the MS susceptibility haplotype (DRB1*1501-HLA-DQB1*0602-HLA-DQA1* 0102) can be extended out to promoter of the HLA-DRA locus. Interactions between both HLA-DMB and the HLA-DRA promoter and other reported MS susceptibility loci were examined (TCRBV polymorphisms, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1). Some interactions between specific TCRBV polymorphisms and the HLA-DRA promoter were observed, which is consistent with other published reports suggesting an epistatic interaction between TCRBV and HLA-DRB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Bennetts
- Department of Immunology, Westmead Hospital, Australia
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Indovina P, Megiorni F, Ferrante P, Apollonio I, Petronzelli F, Mazzilli MC. Different binding of NF-Y transcriptional factor to DQA1 promoter variants. Hum Immunol 1998; 59:758-67. [PMID: 9831131 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(98)00082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism in the HLA-DQA1 promoter (QAP) sequences could influence the gene expression through a differential binding of transcriptional factors. Considering the main role played by the Y-box in the transcription, we focused on the QAP4 variants differing for a G vs A transition from the QAP Y-box consensus sequence. Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay using the two Y-box sequences was performed to determine whether this mutation could be reflected in an allele-specific binding of transcriptional factors. Indeed, the NF-Y specific band, recognised by supershift experiments, was clearly observed using the Y-box consensus probe but it was barely detectable with the QAP4 one. On the contrary, two other complexes were found to more strongly interact with QAP4 Y-box in comparison to the consensus sequence. The analysis of a selected panel of HLA homozygous lymphoblastoid cell lines by competitive RT-PCR and by Northern blotting revealed that the DQA1 *0401, *0501,*0601 alleles regulated by the QAP4 promoters were less expressed at the mRNA level than the DQA1* 0201 allele regulated by the QAP2.1 variant. In conclusion, these results show an evident reduction of NF-Y binding to the mutated QAP4 Y-box and a decreased mRNA accumulation of the DQA1 alleles regulated by these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Indovina
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Abstract
In this analysis, we introduce a new categorization of HLA DR alleles which are important members of HLA class II genes encoding cell surface glycoproteins that function to present antigenic peptides to T cells. We have grouped all HLA DR molecules into seven different functional categories on the basis of their ability to bind and present antigenic peptides to T cells and their association with susceptibility or resistance to disease. This novel categorization of DR alleles on the basis of function allows for the prediction of seven similar subregion structures (supertypes or supermotifs) within pocket 4 of HLA DR peptide binding groove as the molecular basis for grouping these alleles. The physicochemical characteristics of HLA DR supertype residues, charge in particular, may influence the selectivity for binding peptide, dominate promiscuous T-cell recognition of antigenic peptides, and affect HLA DR disease associations. To rationalize the functional categories of DR alleles, we have further combined the seven DR supertype patterns into three groups based on the charges of residues within the supertypes. Grouping HLA DR alleles into functional categories may assist in understanding the mechanistic basis of autoimmunity, resolving current paradoxes in HLA disease associations, and developing new immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ou
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Lu LY, Ding WZ, Fici D, Deulofeut R, Cheng HH, Cheu CC, Sung PK, Schur PH, Fraser PA. Molecular analysis of major histocompatibility complex allelic associations with systemic lupus erythematosus in Taiwan. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1997; 40:1138-45. [PMID: 9182925 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780400619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of HLA class II alleles/haplotypes, type I C2 deficiency gene, and tumor necrosis factor a gene promoter allele (TNF2) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the Chinese population in Taiwan. METHODS The HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 alleles were studied in 105 SLE patients and 115 controls by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe method, the subtyping of DRB1*15/16 and DRB5 by PCR with sequence-specific primers, type I C2 deficiency gene by PCR, and TNF2 by PCR-Nco I restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The frequencies of the HLA class II alleles DRB1*02, DRB1*1502, DRB5*0102, DQB1*0501, and DQB1*0602 and DR2-associated haplotypes DRB1* 1501,DRB5*0101,DQB1*0602 and DRB1*1502,DRB5* 0102,DQB1*0501 were higher among SLE patients than among controls; however, only DQB1*0501 was statistically significantly associated with SLE. No specific allele/haplotype was significantly associated with lupus nephritis. No subject had type I C2 deficiency. SLE patients had a marginally higher percentage of TNF2, which was in linkage disequilibrium with DR3. Since DR3 was not associated with SLE in this Taiwanese Chinese population, TNF2 might play a role in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. CONCLUSION Although no HLA-DRB1 allele was found to be significantly associated with SLE, the associations with DQB1*0501 and TNF2 suggest that DQB1 and tumor necrosis factor a may be important genetic factors in SLE susceptibility in the Chinese population in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Lu
- Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Knight SW, Mijovic C, Barnett AH. HLA-DQB1 upstream regulatory region polymorphism and type I diabetes. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1996; 47:231-6. [PMID: 8740774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1996.tb02546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S W Knight
- Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Sieper J, Braun J. Pathogenesis of spondylarthropathies. Persistent bacterial antigen, autoimmunity, or both? ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1995; 38:1547-54. [PMID: 7488274 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780381105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have discussed partially mutually exclusive, partially overlapping models for the pathogenesis of the spondylarthropathies. Not all possibilities have been presented here; others are discussed elsewhere (77, 78). Furthermore, we have not addressed the issue of B27-negative spondylarthropathy. However, in our opinion, the key to understanding the pathogenesis of the spondylarthropathies lies in the interaction between the class I MHC molecule HLA-B27 and the T cell response. Although a T cell response driven by persisting bacterial antigen is still an attractive hypothesis, it does not explain all the known aspects of spondylarthropathy pathogenesis. The possibility of autoimmunity triggered by bacterial infection needs also to be considered, especially the new idea of HLA-B27-derived peptides presented by class II MHC molecules. The predominant involvement of joints is not easily explained in the case of autoimmunity. Cross-reactivity to joint-specific structures such as type II collagen (79) and/or bacteria inside the joint at the beginning of the immune response, with induction of local autoimmunity, might be involved. Most of the issues raised here could be tested by experiment, and we can expect to learn soon whether any of these models will explain the pathogenesis, or if we have to look further. The PCR technique will facilitate the search for bacteria not only in peripheral joints, but also now in sacroiliac biopsy samples from patients with AS and other spondylarthropathies. A prospective study on ReA in an endemic area should teach us more about predisposing factors (for example for Shigella-induced enteritis, which occurs in many parts of the world outside Europe and the US) (80).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sieper
- Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Free University of Berlin, Germany
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Savage DA, Ng SC, Howe HS, Ngai JL, Darke C, Hui KM. HLA and TAP associations in Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus patients. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1995; 46:213-6. [PMID: 8525483 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1995.tb03123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D A Savage
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National University of Singapore
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17
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Rowe RE, Leslie RD. Twin studies in insulin dependent diabetes and other autoimmune diseases. DIABETES/METABOLISM REVIEWS 1995; 11:121-35. [PMID: 7555564 DOI: 10.1002/dmr.5610110204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R E Rowe
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
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18
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Petronzelli F, Kimura A, Ferrante P, Mazzilli MC. Polymorphism in the upstream regulatory region of DQA1 gene in the Italian population. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1995; 45:258-63. [PMID: 7638862 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1995.tb02449.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism in the 5'-upstream regulatory region of the DQA1 gene has been recently described. Using PCR-SSO method and SSCP analysis we have investigated this polymorphism in a group of 111 Italian blood donors which had been oligotyped for DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 genes. Eight allelic variants were detected. Looking at the relationships among QAP sequences and DQA1 and DRB1 genes, three alternative situations were found: 1. a one-to-one relation between QAP and DQA1 alleles, independently of the other class II genes; 2. the same QAP allele in association with different DQA1-DRB1 haplotypes; 3. the same DQA1 allele with different QAP sequences according to the DRB1 specificity. No unexpected associations with DQB1 gene were found. These results must be interpreted considering that DQA1 and DRB1 genes are transcribed in opposite directions so that the promoter region of DQA1 gene lies between DQA1 and DRB1, close to the former but several hundreds kb away from the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Petronzelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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19
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Mitchison NA, Brunner MC. Association of H2Ab with resistance to collagen-induced arthritis in H2-recombinant mouse strains: an allele associated with reduction of several apparently unrelated responses. Immunogenetics 1995; 41:239-45. [PMID: 7890326 DOI: 10.1007/bf00172065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
HLA class II alleles can protect against immunological diseases. Seeking an animal model for a naturally occurring protective allele, we screened a panel of H2-congenic and recombinant mouse strains for ability to protect against collagen-induced arthritis. The strains were crossed with the susceptible strain DBA/1, and the F1 hybrids immunized with cattle and chicken type II collagen. Hybrids having the H2Ab allele displayed a reduced incidence and duration of the disease. They also had a reduced level of pre-disease inflammation, but not of anti-collagen antibodies. The allele is already known to be associated with reduction of other apparently unrelated immune responses, suggesting that some form of functional differentiation may operate that is not exclusively related to epitope-binding. It is suggested that this may reflect allelic variation in the class II major histocompatibility complex promoter region.
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20
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Yao Z, Keller E, Scholz S, McNicholas A, Volgger A, Albert ED. Identification of two major HLA-B44 subtypes and a novel B44 sequence (B*4404). Oligotyping and solid phase sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products. Hum Immunol 1995; 42:54-60. [PMID: 7751160 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(94)00071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PCR-based analyses were performed for the identification of HLA-B44 subgroups. Genomic DNA from six homozygous cell lines and 44 healthy individuals who had serologically tested positive for HLA-B44 was investigated for polymorphism in exons 2 and 3 of the HLA-B44 genes. Two primers were designed for specific amplification of the B*4401 allele in exon 2. None of the tested genomic DNAs, including the cell line "BAU-J" from which the sequence of B*4401 was derived, was amplified successfully using these primers, indicating that the B*4401 sequence may not be correct in position 242-244. For identification of the B*4402 and *4403 subtypes we specifically amplified the B44 gene in exon 3 using two sequence-specific primers. The PCR products, which were obtained from all B44-positive samples (n = 50) and from none of the B44-negative controls (n = 20), were subsequently hybridized with the dig-ddUTP-labeled oligonucleotides. The base substitution at position 146, as described previously for B*4401 and *4402 (C for G), could not be confirmed by oligonucleotide hybridization. In contrast, the oligonucleotide typing for G in position 146 gave positive signals in all B44-positive samples. Except for one, HLA-B44-positive DNAs from LCLs and healthy individuals could be divided into two subgroups according to the polymorphic region in position 195-197. Out of 44 unrelated individuals with B44, 27 (61%) were positive for B*4402 and 16 (36%) were positive for B*4403.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yao
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Munich, Germany
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21
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Limas C, Limas CJ, Boudoulas H, Bair R, Sparks L, Graber H, Wooley CF. HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 gene haplotypes in familial cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1994; 74:510-2. [PMID: 8059740 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(94)90918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Limas
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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