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Jana B, Meller KA, Bulc M, Całka J. Long-term treatment with testosterone alters ovary innervation in adult pigs. J Ovarian Res 2016; 9:64. [PMID: 27724935 PMCID: PMC5057494 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-016-0273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraovarian distribution and density of nerve fibres immunoreactive (IR) to protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and containing dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH), neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM), galanin (GAL) were determined. METHODS From day 4 of the first oestrous cycle to day 20 of the second studied cycle, experimental gilts (n = 3) were injected with testosterone (T), while control gilts (n = 3) received corn oil. RESULTS After T administration the numbers of fibres IR to PGP 9.5 and fibres IR to DβH, NPY and SOM were decreased. Fewer PGP 9.5- and DβH-IR terminals were observed within the ground plexus and around arteries and medullar veins, and medium tertiary follicles, and DβH-IR terminals in the vicinity of small tertiary follicles. T decreased the density of NPY-IR fibres in the medullar part of the ground plexus, and SOM-IR in the cortical part of the ground plexus. CONCLUSIONS The obtained data show that long-term T treatment of gilts decreases the total number of intraovarian fibres, including sympathetic ones. These results suggest that elevated T levels that occur during pathological states may affect the innervation pattern of ovaries, and their function(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Jana
- Division of Biology Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-748 Poland
| | - Karolina A. Meller
- Division of Biology Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-748 Poland
| | - Michał Bulc
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, 10-718 Poland
| | - Jarosław Całka
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, 10-718 Poland
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Li JR, Wang W, Shi FX. Induction of follicular luteinization by equine chorionic gonadotropin in cyclic guinea pigs. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2015; 16:980-90. [PMID: 26642181 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1500046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on follicular development and ovulation in cyclic guinea pigs were investigated by histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Three groups of guinea pigs (n=12) were administrated subcutaneously with saline, 20 or 50 IU of eCG, respectively, on cyclic Day 12 (Day 1=vaginal openings). Ovaries were collected at 4 and 8 d after administration (6 animals per group each time). The eCG administration induced significant and distinct morphological changes in the ovaries, as it promoted the luteinization of granulosa cells, but not follicular development. In addition, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) were immunolocalized specifically in luteinized follicles. Our experiments together indicate that eCG administration can induce follicular luteinization but not superovulation in guinea pigs. The eCG in cyclic guinea pigs functions similar to that of luteinizing hormone (LH), but not follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-rong Li
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,College of Agriculture and Bio-engineering, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321017, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fang-xiong Shi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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3
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Jobling P. Autonomic control of the urogenital tract. Auton Neurosci 2010; 165:113-26. [PMID: 20727839 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The urogenital tract houses many of the organs that play a major role in homeostasis, in particular those that control water and salt balance, and reproductive function. This review focuses on the anatomical and functional innervation of the kidneys, urinary ducts and bladders of the urinary system, and the gonads, gonadal ducts, and intromittent organs of the reproductive tract. The literature, especially in recent years, is overwhelmingly skewed toward the situation in mammals. Nevertheless, where specific neurochemical markers have been investigated, common patterns of innervation can be found in representatives from most vertebrate classes. Not surprisingly the vasculature, epithelia and smooth muscle of all urogenital organs receives adrenergic innervation. These nerves may contain non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) neurotransmitters such as ATP and NPY. Cholinergic nerves increase motility in most urogenital organs with the exception of the kidney. The major NANC nerves found to influence urogenital organs include those containing VIP/PACAP, galanin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase. These can be found associated with both smooth muscle and epithelia. The role these nerves play, and the circumstances where they are activated are for the most part unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Jobling
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
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Kuang HY. Effects of ginseng total saponins on nerve growth factor expression in rat with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovaries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 6:725-8. [DOI: 10.3736/jcim20080713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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5
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Study of folliculogenesis in vivo in guinea pig. Theriogenology 2007; 68:1228-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Revised: 08/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Itoh MT, Ishizuka B. alpha1-Adrenergic receptor in rat ovary: presence and localization. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2005; 240:58-63. [PMID: 16026926 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2005] [Accepted: 05/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Noradrenaline modulates ovarian steroidogenesis, stimulates ovulation, and probably promotes follicular development in the ovary. It has been suggested that these effects of noradrenaline are mediated by alpha- and/or beta-adrenergic receptors (ARs) in the ovary. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether alpha(1)-AR is present in the rat ovary. In Western blotting, antibody against alpha(1)-ARs recognized a major protein in the ovary of adult (10-week-old) rats with a molecular weight of 80 kDa, which is similar to that of the alpha(1B)-AR subtype. Immunohistochemistry using this antibody showed that alpha(1)-AR was detected at various sites in the ovary, including large antral follicle, germinal epithelium at the circumference of large antral follicle, corpus luteum, and interstitial tissue. These results confirm that the ovary contains alpha(1)-AR (probably alpha(1B)-subtype), and suggest that this receptor mediates some of the activities of noradrenaline in the regulation of ovarian functions. Furthermore, we found that alpha(1)-AR is present in oocyte of large antral follicle, suggesting that noradrenaline acts on oocyte via this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori T Itoh
- Department of Chemistry, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan.
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SHI F, MOCHIDA K, SUZUKI O, MATSUDA J, OGURA A, OZAWA M, WATANABE G, SUZUKI AK, TAYA K. Ovarian Localization of Immunoglobulin G and Inhibin .ALPHA.-Subunit in Guinea Pigs after Passive Immunization against the Inhibin .ALPHA.-Subunit. J Reprod Dev 2000. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.46.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- FangXiong SHI
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University
| | - Keiji MOCHIDA
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Osamu SUZUKI
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Junichiro MATSUDA
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Atsuo OGURA
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Manao OZAWA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Gen WATANABE
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Akira K. SUZUKI
- Air Pollutants Health Effects Research Team, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Kazuyoshi TAYA
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Mayerhofer A, Smith GD, Danilchik M, Levine JE, Wolf DP, Dissen GA, Ojeda SR. Oocytes are a source of catecholamines in the primate ovary: evidence for a cell-cell regulatory loop. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:10990-5. [PMID: 9724817 PMCID: PMC28008 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.18.10990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/1998] [Accepted: 06/10/1998] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholamines, thought to derive from the extrinsic innervation of the ovary, participate in the regulation of ovarian development and mature gonadal function. Recently, intraovarian neurons containing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, were described in the ovary of nonhuman primates. We now show that the primate ovary expresses both the genes encoding TH and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), the key enzymes in norepinephrine (NE) biosynthesis. Ovarian neurons were identified as a site of TH and DBH gene expression, and surprisingly, oocytes were identified as an exclusive site of DBH synthesis. Oocytes contain neither TH mRNA nor protein, indicating that they are unable to synthesize dopamine (DA). They did, however, express a DA transporter gene identical to that found in human brain. The physiological relevance of this transporter system and DBH in oocytes was indicated by the ability of isolated oocytes to metabolize exogenous DA into NE. Isolated follicles containing oocytes-but not those from which the oocytes had been removed-responded to DA with an elevation in cAMP levels; this elevation was prevented by propranolol, a beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist. The results suggest that oocytes and somatic cells are linked by a neuroendocrine loop consisting of NE synthesized in oocytes from actively transported DA and cAMP produced by somatic follicular cells in response to NE-induced beta-adrenoreceptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mayerhofer
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
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Meyer SG. Adrenergic influence on progesterone metabolism and cyclicity in the rat ovary: autotransplantation and chemical sympathectomy. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1992; 43:885-94. [PMID: 22217833 DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(92)90316-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of adrenergic nerve endings by chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine of normally cycling rats produced no differences in the weights of body, uterus, ovaries or adrenals, but suppressed significantly proestrus/estrus stages. Unilateral fully denervated (autotransplanted) ovaries showed the following changes in [¹⁴C]progesterone metabolism: the formation of 20α-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one increased, whereas 5α-pregnane-3α,20α- and 3ß,20α-diol, 3α- and 3ß-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one, 20α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-3-one, an unidentified metabolite Y and a group of hydrophobic metabolites decreased dramatically. Enzyme activities could not be restored with epinephrine. Sympathectomy changed the spectrum of [¹⁴C] progesterone metabolites in the same direction, but only at diestrus and metestrus. Autotransplantation suppressed 5α-reductase, 3α- and 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities (-HSD) measured by the sum of all 5α-, 3α, and 3ß-metabolites, respectively. Sympathectomy suppressed significantly 5α-reductase and 3α-HSD at metestrus. 20α-HSD was not changed in any experiment. These studies provide evidence that 5α-reductase depends on adrenergic input in ovaries of rats at metestrus, a stage of nadir of gonadotropins. During the estrous cycle 5α-reductase may be a regulatory enzyme for progesterone metabolism and also influence estradiol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Meyer
- Intitut für Physiologie Chemie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
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Roth JJ, Jones RE. A single ovary of Anolis carolinensis responds more to exogenous gonadotropin if the contralateral ovary is absent. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1992; 85:486-92. [PMID: 1577249 DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(92)90093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The lizard Anolis carolinensis exhibits asymmetric ovarian growth. At any given time, the larger ovary (LO) contains a larger follicle than does the smaller ovary (SO). Physiologically hypophysectomized females with quiescent ovaries were treated with gonadotropin (ovine FSH) or saline vehicle after either surgical removal of the LO or sham operation. The smaller ovaries of initial control, sham-operated, and hemiovariectomized (HO) females were similar in weight and follicular size. Therefore, endogenous gonadotropin secretion remained at subthreshold levels during the experiment and after HO. FSH significantly stimulated ovarian follicular growth in both sham-operated and HO females. However, the response of the SO of HO females to FSH was significantly greater than that in sham-operated females. These results demonstrate a greater sensitivity of the SO to FSH if the LO is absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Roth
- Department of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309
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11
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Abstract
The effects of androgens on granulosa cell stimulation by isoproterenol and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were determined. Two functional parameters of granulosa cell stimulation were monitored: (a) activity of a transfected proopiomelanocortin (POMC) promoter and (b) production of progesterone. Treatment with the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, stimulated steroidogenesis, and both isoproterenol and FSH appeared to enhance POMC promoter activity. The non-aromatizable androgen, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), produced no effect on either parameter, but it potentiated the steroidogenic response to isoproterenol. Preliminary data also indicated a potentiation by DHT of the FSH-mediated increase in POMC promoter activity; results with a combination of DHT and isoproterenol were suggestive of potentiation. A possible role for androgen amplification of adrenergic stimulation in polycystic ovarian syndrome is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Young
- Division of Reproductive Biology and Behavior, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton 97006
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Curry TE, Lawrence IE, Burden HW. Ovarian sympathectomy in the guinea pig. II. Effects on follicular development during the prepubertal period and following exogenous gonadotropin stimulation. Cell Tissue Res 1984; 236:593-6. [PMID: 6432331 DOI: 10.1007/bf00217227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The role of ovarian adrenergic nerves in follicular growth was studied in prepubertal guinea pigs by determining the effect of sympathectomy on follicle populations and follicular development following exogenous gonadotropin administration. Selective unilateral ovarian sympathectomy was achieved by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into a surgically closed periovarian bursa on day 20 postpartum. The contralateral surgically closed ovarian bursa was injected with the vehicle used for 6-hydroxydopamine. On day 25, animals were injected with pregnant mare serum or saline followed by human chorionic gonadotropin or saline 48 h later. All animals were laparotomized on day 28 and blood from utero-ovarian veins was collected bilaterally for androstenedione determination. Ovaries were processed for morphometric analysis of follicles. The sympathectomized ovary in saline-injected animals had a significant decrease in preantral follicles (characterized by less than or equal to 2 layers of granulosa cells without antrum formation), an increase in 310-500 micron diameter atretic follicles and an increase in follicles greater than or equal to 700 micron compared to the contralateral control ovary. There were no differences in androstenedione levels from the two sides, ovarian weights or the total number of follicles per ovary. Neither ovary had corpora lutea. The sympathectomized ovary in animals injected with gonadotropins was not different from the contralateral ovary in any of the parameters measured. Both control and sympathectomized ovaries had newly formed corpora lutea in response to the exogenous gonadotropins. These results suggest that ovarian adrenergic nerves normally participate in follicular development in the prepubertal guinea pig. However, exogenous gonadotropins may override neural influences on the prepubertal ovary.
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