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Wang Y, Wang T, Liu L. The rice VCS1 is identified as a molecular tool to mark and visualize the vegetative cell of pollen. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1924502. [PMID: 33982648 PMCID: PMC8244767 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1924502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell-type-specific markers are valuable tools to reveal developmental processes underlying cell differentiation during plant reproduction. Here we report the pollen vegetative cell marker gene VCS1 (Vegetative Cell Specific 1) of rice (Oryza sativa japonica). VCS1 was expressed specifically in late pollen and was predicted to encode a small FAF domain-containing protein of 205 amino acid residues (aa). The expression of reporter fusion proteins showed that VCS1 was exclusively targeted to the vegetative nucleus of pollen. Upon pollen germination, VCS1 lost vegetative nucleus localization, and appeared diffused in the vegetative cytoplasm of pollen grain but not in the pollen tube. T-DNA insertional mutation which disrupted the carboxyl-terminal 21 aa of VCS1 did not affect plant vegetative growth and pollen development, while destruction of VCS1 by CRISPR/Cas9 only moderately affect pollen viability. VCS1 is evolutionally conserved in monocots but appeared absent in dicotyledons. This study reveals a molecular tool for visualizing the vegetative cell of rice and possible other monocots, which has potential values in the genetic engineering of male-sterile lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingtong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Newhouse AE, Allwine AE, Oakes AD, Matthews DF, McArt SH, Powell WA. Bumble bee (Bombus impatiens) survival, pollen usage, and reproduction are not affected by oxalate oxidase at realistic concentrations in American chestnut (Castanea dentata) pollen. Transgenic Res 2021; 30:751-764. [PMID: 34110572 PMCID: PMC8580921 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-021-00263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic American chestnut trees expressing a wheat gene for oxalate oxidase (OxO) can tolerate chestnut blight, but as with any new restoration material, they should be carefully evaluated before being released into the environment. Native pollinators such as bumble bees are of particular interest: Bombus impatiens use pollen for both a source of nutrition and a hive building material. Bees are regular visitors to American chestnut flowers and likely contribute to their pollination, so depending on transgene expression in chestnut pollen, they could be exposed to this novel source of OxO during potential restoration efforts. To evaluate the potential risk to bees from OxO exposure, queenless microcolonies of bumble bees were supplied with American chestnut pollen containing one of two concentrations of OxO, or a no-OxO control. Bees in microcolonies exposed to a conservatively estimated field-realistic concentration of OxO in pollen performed similarly to no-OxO controls; there were no significant differences in survival, bee size, pollen use, hive construction activity, or reproduction. A ten-fold increase in OxO concentration resulted in noticeable but non-significant decreases in some measures of pollen usage and reproduction compared to the no-OxO control. These effects are similar to what is often seen when naturally produced secondary metabolites are supplied to bees at unrealistically high concentrations. Along with the presence of OxO in many other environmental sources, these data collectively suggest that oxalate oxidase at field-realistic concentrations in American chestnut pollen is unlikely to present substantial risk to bumble bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Newhouse
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Anastasia E Allwine
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Allison D Oakes
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Dakota F Matthews
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Scott H McArt
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 2130 Comstock Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - William A Powell
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
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3
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Wang Q, Zhu Y, Sun L, Li L, Jin S, Zhang X. Transgenic Bt cotton driven by the green tissue-specific promoter shows strong toxicity to lepidopteran pests and lower Bt toxin accumulation in seeds. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:172-82. [PMID: 26728504 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-015-4920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A promoter of the PNZIP (Pharbitis nil leucine zipper) gene (1.459 kb) was cloned from Pharbitis nil and fused to the GUS (β-glucuronidase) and Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin (Cry9C) genes. Several transgenic PNZIP::GUS and PNZIP::Cry9C cotton lines were developed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Strong GUS staining was detected in the green tissues of the transgenic PNZIP::GUS cotton plants. In contrast, GUS staining in the reproductive structures such as petals, anther, and immature seeds of PNZIP::GUS cotton was very faint. Two transgenic PNZIP::Cry9C lines and one transgenic cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S::Cry9C line were selected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and insect bioassays. Expression of the Cry9C protein in the 35S::Cry9C line maintained a high level in most tissues ranging from 24.6 to 45.5 μg g(-1) fresh weight. In green tissues such as the leaves, boll rinds, and bracts of the PNZIP::Cry9C line, the Cry9C protein accumulated up to 50.2, 39.7, and 48.3 μg g(-1) fresh weight respectively. In contrast, seeds of the PNZIP::Cry9C line (PZ1.3) accumulated only 0.26 μg g(-1) fresh weight of the Cry9C protein, which was 100 times lower than that recorded for the seeds of the CaMV 35S::Cry9C line. The insect bioassay showed that the transgenic PNZIP::Cry9C cotton plant exhibited strong resistance to both the cotton bollworm and the pink bollworm. The PNZIP promoter could effectively drive Bt toxin expression in green tissues of cotton and lower accumulated levels of the Bt protein in seeds. These features should allay public concerns about the safety of transgenic foods. We propose the future utility of PNZIP as an economical, environmentally friendly promoter in cotton biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lebin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Sun J, Eklund DM, Montes-Rodriguez A, Kost B. In vivo Rac/Rop localization as well as interaction with RhoGAP and RhoGDI in tobacco pollen tubes: analysis by low-level expression of fluorescent fusion proteins and bimolecular fluorescence complementation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 84:83-98. [PMID: 26252733 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Polarized Rac/Rop GTPase signaling plays a key role in polar cell growth, which is essential for plant morphogenesis. The molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the polarization of Rac/Rop signaling during polar cell growth are only partially understood. Mutant variants of Rac/Rop GTPases lacking specific functions are important tools to investigate these mechanisms, and have been employed to develop a model suggesting that RhoGAP (GTPase activating protein) and RhoGDI (Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor) mediated recycling of Rac/Rop GTPases maintains apical polarization of Rac/Rop activity in pollen tubes, which elongate by 'tip growth' (an extreme form of polar cell growth). Despite the importance of these mutant variants for Rac/Rop functional characterization, their distinct intracellular distributions have not been thoroughly comparatively and quantitatively analyzed. Furthermore, support for the proposed RhoGAP and RhoGDI functions in apical polarization of Rac/Rop activity based on the analysis of in vivo interactions between these proteins and Rac/Rop GTPases has been missing. Here, extensive fluorescent protein tagging and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analyses are described of the intracellular distributions of wild type and mutant variants of the tobacco pollen tube Rac/Rop GTPase Nt-Rac5, as well as of interactions of these Nt-Rac5 variants with RhoGAP and RhoGDI proteins, in normally growing transiently transformed pollen tubes. Presented results substantially enhance our understanding of apical dynamics of pollen tube Rac/Rop signaling proteins, confirm previously proposed RhoGAP and RhoGDI functions in Rac/Rop polarization and provide important technical insights facilitating future in vivo protein localization and BiFC experiments in pollen tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sun
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7080, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Magnus Eklund
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7080, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Benedikt Kost
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Dutt M, Dhekney SA, Soriano L, Kandel R, Grosser JW. Temporal and spatial control of gene expression in horticultural crops. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2014; 1:14047. [PMID: 26504550 PMCID: PMC4596326 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2014.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnology provides plant breeders an additional tool to improve various traits desired by growers and consumers of horticultural crops. It also provides genetic solutions to major problems affecting horticultural crops and can be a means for rapid improvement of a cultivar. With the availability of a number of horticultural genome sequences, it has become relatively easier to utilize these resources to identify DNA sequences for both basic and applied research. Promoters play a key role in plant gene expression and the regulation of gene expression. In recent years, rapid progress has been made on the isolation and evaluation of plant-derived promoters and their use in horticultural crops, as more and more species become amenable to genetic transformation. Our understanding of the tools and techniques of horticultural plant biotechnology has now evolved from a discovery phase to an implementation phase. The availability of a large number of promoters derived from horticultural plants opens up the field for utilization of native sequences and improving crops using precision breeding. In this review, we look at the temporal and spatial control of gene expression in horticultural crops and the usage of a variety of promoters either isolated from horticultural crops or used in horticultural crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjul Dutt
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
| | - Sadanand A Dhekney
- Department of Plant Sciences, Sheridan Research and Extension Center, University of Wyoming, Sheridan, WY 82801, USA
| | - Leonardo Soriano
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Raju Kandel
- Department of Plant Sciences, Sheridan Research and Extension Center, University of Wyoming, Sheridan, WY 82801, USA
| | - Jude W Grosser
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
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Liu C, Qi X, Zhao Q, Yu J. Characterization and functional analysis of the potato pollen-specific microtubule-associated protein SBgLR in tobacco. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60543. [PMID: 23536914 PMCID: PMC3607588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated proteins play a crucial role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics, and are very important for plant cell and organ development. SBgLR is a potato pollen-specific protein, with five imperfect V-V-E-K-K-N/E-E repetitive motifs that are responsible for microtubule binding activity. In present study, SBgLR showed typical microtubule-associated protein characteristics; it bound tubulin and microtubules, and colocalized with microtubules in vitro. We also found that SBgLR could form oligomers, and that both the SBgLR monomers and oligomers bundle microtubules in vitro. Constitutive expression of SBgLR in tobacco caused curving and right-handed twisting root growth, abnormal directional cell expansion and cell layer arrangement, and pollen abortion. Immunofluorescence staining assays revealed that microtubule organization is altered in root epidermal cells in SBgLR-overexpressing lines. These suggest that SBgLR functions as a microtubule-associated protein in pollen development. Our results indicate that normal organization of MTs may be crucial for pollen development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Park SH, Bang SW, Jeong JS, Jung H, Redillas MCFR, Kim HI, Lee KH, Kim YS, Kim JK. Analysis of the APX, PGD1 and R1G1B constitutive gene promoters in various organs over three homozygous generations of transgenic rice plants. PLANTA 2012; 235:1397-408. [PMID: 22212906 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1582-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We have previously characterized the constitutively active promoters of the APX, PGD1 and R1G1B genes in rice (Park et al. 2010 in J Exp Bot 61:2459-2467). To have potential crop biotechnology applications, gene promoters must be stably active over many generations. In our current study, we report our further detailed analysis of the APX, PGD1 and R1G1B gene promoters in various organs and tissues of transgenic rice plants for three (T₃₋₅) homozygous generations. The copy numbers in 37 transgenic lines that harbor promoter:gfp constructs were determined and promoter activities were measured by real-time qPCR. Analysis of the 37 lines revealed that 15 contained a single copy of one of the three promoter:gfp chimeric constructs. The promoter activity levels were generally higher in multi-copy lines, whereas variations in these levels over the T₃₋₅ generations studied were observed to be smaller in single-copy than in multi-copy lines. The three promoters were further found to be highly active in the whole plant body at both the vegetative and reproductive stages of plant growth, with the exception of the APX in the ovary and R1G1B in the pistil and filaments where zero or very low levels of activity were detected. Of note, the spatial activities of the PGD1 promoter were found to be strikingly similar to those of the ZmUbi1, a widely used constitutive promoter. Our comparison of promoter activities between T₃, T₄ and T₅ plants revealed that the APX, PGD1 and R1G1B promoters maintained their activities at comparable levels in leaves and roots over three homozygous generations and are therefore potentially viable alternative promoters for crop biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Park
- School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea
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Stotz HU, Spence B, Wang Y. A defensin from tomato with dual function in defense and development. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2009; 71:131-43. [PMID: 19533379 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-009-9512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Defensins are antimicrobial peptides that are part of the innate immune system, contributing to the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Defensins and defensin-like peptides are functionally diverse, disrupting microbial membranes and acting as ligands for cellular recognition and signaling. Here we show that the tomato defensin DEF2 is expressed during early flower development. Defensin mRNA abundance, peptide expression and processing are differentially regulated in developing flowers. Antisense suppression or constitutive overexpression of DEF2 reduces pollen viability and seed production. Furthermore, overexpression of DEF2 pleiotropically alters the growth of various organs and enhances foliar resistance to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Partially purified extracts from leaves of a DEF2-overexpressing line inhibited tip growth of B. cinerea. Besides providing insights into regulation of defensin expression, these data demonstrate that plant defensins, like their animal counterparts, can assume multiple functions related to defense and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik U Stotz
- Horticulture Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Szwacka M, Siedlecka E, Zawirska-Wojtasiak R, Wiśniewski Ł, Malepszy S. Expression pattern of the pre-prothaumatin II gene under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter in transgenic cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) flower buds and fruits. J Appl Genet 2009; 50:9-16. [PMID: 19193977 DOI: 10.1007/bf03195646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thaumatin II is an extremely sweet-tasting protein produced by fruits of the West African shrub Thaumatococcus daniellii Benth, so it can be used in biotechnology to improve the tastes of various plant products. This study is concerned with the spatial and temporal aspects of expression of the 35S-pre-prothaumatin II chimeric gene in flower buds and fruits of transgenic cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) line 225. The activity of the 35S promoter in organs of line 225 was compared with its activity in 2 other transgenic lines. The accumulation of recombinant thaumatin varied spatially in flower bud tissues of transgenic lines. We found that these differences in the spatial accumulation of transgenic protein concerned the ovary of female buds and the perianth of male buds. In contrast to flower parts, recombinant thaumatin was found in nearly all parts of the young fruit from the transgenic plants. The pre-prothaumatin II gene expression was detected at a very early developmental stage in male buds, and its pattern was rather conserved as the buds aged. The expression of the transgene was also detected in vascular tissues of examined organs but was undetectable in pollen grains, in agreement with the generally held view that the CaMV 35S promoter is virtually silent in pollen. Immunocytochemical analyses of sections of control organs revealed endogenous homolog(s) of thaumatin when using polyclonal antisera, but not when using monoclonal antibodies for recombinant thaumatin detection in transgenic cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Szwacka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland.
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Maekawa T, Kusakabe M, Shimoda Y, Sato S, Tabata S, Murooka Y, Hayashi M. Polyubiquitin promoter-based binary vectors for overexpression and gene silencing in Lotus japonicus. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2008; 21:375-382. [PMID: 18321183 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-21-4-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we compared the transcriptional activities between Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV)35S promoter and polyubiquitin (Ljubq1) promoter from Lotus japonicus using beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene in transgenic plants of L. japonicus. The promoter analysis demonstrated that the Ljubq1 promoter possessed higher activity than the CaMV35S promoter in leaves, stems, roots, nodules, and pollen. Finally, we created GATEWAY conversion technology-compatible binary vectors for over-expression and RNA interference under the Ljubq1 promoter. These materials could provide alternative choice for studies in L. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Maekawa
- Institut für Genetik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Maria-Ward-Str. 1a, 80638 München, Germany
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Nishihara M, Seki M, Kyo M, Irifune K, Morikawa H. Transgenic haploid plants ofNicotiana rustica produced by bombardment-mediated transformation of pollen. Transgenic Res 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01972531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wilmink A, van de Ven BC, Dons JJ. Activity of constitutive promoters in various species from the Liliaceae. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1995; 28:949-55. [PMID: 7640366 DOI: 10.1007/bf00042079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we first review literature on the performance of various promoters in monocotyledonous species. In general, promoters isolated from monocots show a higher activity in monocot species. Moreover, the presence of an intron between the promoter and reporter gene increases transcription levels. We used the same approach to study gene expression in Liliaceae. The activities of the CaMV 35S, maize Adh1-based pEmu, rice Act1 and maize Ubi promoters, coupled to the beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene, were evaluated for transient gene expression upon particle bombardment of tissues of tobacco, rice, tulip, lily and leek. Although monocot promoters performed very well in rice tissues, the results of this study show that this cannot be generalized for other monocot species. The transcription inducing effects of monocot promoters were less pronounced or even absent in tissues of Liliaceae, while the presence of an intron between promoter and gus gene reduced promoter activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilmink
- Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Plant Breeding and Reproduction Research (CPRO-DLO), Wageningen, Netherlands
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Lonsdale DM, Allen RL, Belostotsky D, Ghose TK, Harvey AJ, Rogers HJ, Tebbut SJ, Trick M. An analysis of the relative activities of a number of promoter constructs from genes which are expressed during late pollen development as determined by particle bombardment. PLANT CELL REPORTS 1995; 15:154-158. [PMID: 24185676 DOI: 10.1007/bf01690275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/1994] [Revised: 02/16/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The promoters of a tobacco actin gene, a tobacco pectate lyase, a tobacco and maize polygalacturonase and aBrassica S-locus related gene have been fused to theβ-glucuronidase reporter gene and their activities determined by biolistic transient assay in tobacco pollen. In stably transformed tobacco all the transgenes with the exception of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus-35S-β-glucuronidase appear to express efficiently in maturing pollen. Transient assay analysis showed that the tobacco pectate lyase and the polygalacturonase constructs were 8x more active than the tobacco actin construct, and that the tobacco polygalacturonase construct was some 33x more active than the maize polygalacturonase construct. Constructional manipulations that altered the lengths of the 5'-untranslated leaders including one which resulted in the removal of a 490 bp leader intron had little effect on the observed level of expression. However, the alteration of the context of the ATG from A/TnnATGG to CnnATGT resulting in a 70% reduction in the observed levels of activity, was obtained with the pectate lyase and polygalacturonase promoters. An identical reductional was also observed in transgenic plant populations transformed with the polygalacturonase transgenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Lonsdale
- Cambridge Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, NR4 7UJ, Norwich, Norfolk, U.K
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