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Optimisation of parameters of complete nickel electrodeposition from acidic aqueous electrolytic baths prepared by dissolution of metal powder. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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2
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Liu J, Fang X, Zhu C, Xing X, Cui G, Li Z. Fabrication of superhydrophobic coatings for corrosion protection by electrodeposition: A comprehensive review. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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3
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Kang H, Choi SR, Kim YH, Kim JS, Kim S, An BS, Yang CW, Myoung JM, Lee TW, Kim JG, Cho JH. Electroplated Silver-Nickel Core-Shell Nanowire Network Electrodes for Highly Efficient Perovskite Nanoparticle Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:39479-39486. [PMID: 32805957 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The low sheet resistance and high optical transparency of silver nanowires (AgNWs) make them a promising candidate for use as the flexible transparent electrode of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In a perovskite LED (PeLED), however, the AgNW electrode can react with the overlying perovskite material by redox reactions, which limit the electroluminescence efficiency of the PeLED by causing the degradation of and generating defect states in the perovskite material. In this study, we prepared Ag-Ni core-shell NW electrodes using the solution-electroplating technique to realize highly efficient PeLEDs based on colloidal formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3) nanoparticles (NPs). Solvated Ni ions from the NiSO4 source were deposited onto the surface of AgNW networks in three steps: (i) cathodic cleaning, (ii) adsorption of the Ni-ion complex onto the AgNW surface, and (iii) uniform electrodeposition of Ni. An ultrathin (∼3.5 nm) Ni layer was uniformly deposited onto the AgNW surface, which exhibited a sheet resistance of 16.7 Ω/sq and an optical transmittance of 90.2%. The Ag-Ni core-shell NWs not only increased the work function of the AgNW electrode, which facilitated hole injection into the emitting layer, but also suppressed the redox reaction between Ag and FAPbBr3 NPs, which prevented the degradation of the emitting layer and the generation of defect states in it. The resulting PeLEDs based on FAPbBr3 NPs with the Ag-Ni core-shell NWs showed high current efficiency of 44.01 cd/A, power efficiency of 35.45 lm/W, and external quantum efficiency of 9.67%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Institute of Engineering Research, Nano Systems Institute (NSI), BK21 PLUS SNU Materials Division for Educating Creative Global Leaders, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Institute of Engineering Research, Nano Systems Institute (NSI), BK21 PLUS SNU Materials Division for Educating Creative Global Leaders, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Institute of Engineering Research, Nano Systems Institute (NSI), BK21 PLUS SNU Materials Division for Educating Creative Global Leaders, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Institute of Engineering Research, Nano Systems Institute (NSI), BK21 PLUS SNU Materials Division for Educating Creative Global Leaders, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Wan H, Song Q, Shan C, Ning Z, Xie H, Yin H. Microstructural modification of Ni electrodeposit in an acidic NiCl2 solution. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Xu C, Chen P, Hu B, Xiang Q, Cen Y, Hu B, Liu L, Liu Y, Yu D, Chen C. Porous nickel electrodes with controlled texture for the hydrogen evolution reaction and sodium borohydride electrooxidation. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porous Ni electrodes with different textures were successfully fabricated by electrodeposition in the presence of NH4Cl and (NH4)2SO4. Moreover, we studied the effect of texture on porous nickel electrodes for HER and NaBH4 electrooxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Bingbing Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Qin Xiang
- School for Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Yuan Cen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Bihao Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Lijun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Yuping Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Danmei Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Changguo Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
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Bamgbelu L, Holt KB. In Situ Determination of pH at Nanostructured Carbon Electrodes Using IR Spectroscopy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:ma12244044. [PMID: 31817326 PMCID: PMC6947561 DOI: 10.3390/ma12244044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Changes in pH at electrode surfaces can occur when redox reactions involving the production or consumption of protons take place. Many redox reactions of biological or analytical importance are proton-coupled, resulting in localized interfacial pH changes as the reaction proceeds. Other important electrochemical reactions, such as hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, can likewise result in pH changes near the electrode. However, it is very difficult to measure pH changes located within around 100 µm of the electrode surface. This paper describes the use of in situ attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared (IR) spectroscopy to determine the pH of different solutions directly at the electrode interface, while a potential is applied. Changes in the distinctive IR bands of solution phosphate species are used as an indicator of pH change, given that the protonation state of the phosphate ions is pH-dependent. We found that the pH at the surface of an electrode modified with carbon nanotubes can increase from 4.5 to 11 during the hydrogen evolution reaction, even in buffered solutions. The local pH change accompanying the hydroquinone-quinone redox reaction is also determined.
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Preventing Silica Scale Formation Using Hydroxide Ions Generated by Water Electrolysis. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9110154. [PMID: 31731776 PMCID: PMC6918462 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of silica with various cations in a solution and with hydroxide ions generated by water electrolysis was investigated as a means of preventing the formation of silica scales in geothermal binary power generation. Through batch and continuous experiments, it was found that all silica in the cathode phase of a reaction device could be removed if the necessary amounts of magnesium and calcium were present. This occurs because a silica-magnesium-calcium compound is produced via a polymerization reaction with cations in a solution and with hydroxide ions generated by electrolysis. Analysis by inductively coupled plasma and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy shows that this material has the formula 2CaO-5MgO-8SiO2-H2O, and thus is likely generated by the reaction proposed by Sheikholeslami et al. (2019). Increasing the current sent through the reaction solution subsequently produces calcium carbonate. This technique for the separation of silica and calcium from aqueous solutions can be operated continuously without channel clogging, which indicates the possibility of practical applications. However, overly high currents promote the migration of protons from the anode to cathode phases, which inhibits the formation of precipitates due to a neutralization reaction. The proposed method is an effective approach for removing silica from a solution in geothermal binary power generation; although, a means of suppressing the effects of proton generation will be necessary if the process is also to be used to remove calcium ions.
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Braun TM, Schwartz DT. Exploring the Kinetic and Thermodynamic Relationship of Charge Transfer Reactions Used in Localized Electrodeposition and Patterning in a Scanning Bipolar Cell. Front Chem 2019; 7:340. [PMID: 31157210 PMCID: PMC6530335 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar electrochemistry involves spatial separation of charge balanced reduction and oxidation reactions on an electrically floating electrode, a result of intricate coupling of the work piece with the ohmic drop in the electrochemical cell and to the thermodynamics and kinetics of the respective bipolar reactions. When paired with a rastering microjet electrode, in a scanning bipolar cell (SBC), local electrodeposition and patterning of metals beneath the microjet can be realized without direct electrical connections to the workpiece. Here, we expand on prior research detailing electrolyte design guidelines for electrodeposition and patterning with the SBC, focusing on the relationship between kinetics and thermodynamics of the respective bipolar reactions. The kinetic reversibility or irreversibility of the desired deposition reaction influences the range of possible effective bipolar counter reactions. For kinetically irreversible deposition systems (i.e., nickel), a wider thermodynamic window is available for selection of the counter reaction. For kinetically reversible systems (i.e., copper or silver) that can be easily etched, tight thermodynamic windows with a small downhill driving force for spontaneous reduction are required to prevent metal patterns from electrochemical dissolution. Furthermore, additives used for the bipolar counter reaction can influence not only the kinetics of deposition, but also the morphology and microstructure of the deposit. Cyclic voltammetry measurements help elucidate secondary parasitic reduction reactions occurring during bipolar nickel deposition and describe the thermodynamic relationship of both irreversible and reversible bipolar couples. Finally, finite element method simulations explore the influence of bipolar electrode area on current efficiency and connect experimental observations of pattern etching to thermodynamic and kinetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Braun
- Functional Nanostructured Materials Group, Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, United States.,Electrochemical Materials and Interfaces Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Daniel T Schwartz
- Electrochemical Materials and Interfaces Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Dunwell M, Yang X, Setzler BP, Anibal J, Yan Y, Xu B. Examination of Near-Electrode Concentration Gradients and Kinetic Impacts on the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 using Surface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Dunwell
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Xuan Yang
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Brian P. Setzler
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jacob Anibal
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yushan Yan
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Bingjun Xu
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Electrochemical characterization of chromium deposition from trivalent solutions for decorative applications by EQCM and near-surface pH measurements. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Zhao M, Balachandran R, Patterson Z, Gouk R, Verhaverbeke S, Shadman F, Keswani M. Contactless bottom-up electrodeposition of nickel for 3D integrated circuits. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03683f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation of silicon by water generates electrons and subsequent chemical etching of silicon dioxide by fluoride based species regenerates the surface. The electrons are conducted through bulk silicon and accepted by nickel ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Zhao
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- University of Arizona
- Tucson
- USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Farhang Shadman
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- University of Arizona
- Tucson
- USA
| | - Manish Keswani
- Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Arizona
- Tucson
- USA
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Graham LM, Cho S, Kim SK, Noked M, Lee SB. Role of boric acid in nickel nanotube electrodeposition: a surface-directed growth mechanism. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:527-9. [PMID: 24266026 PMCID: PMC3909730 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47183g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nickel nanotubes have been synthesized by the popular and versatile method of template-assisted electrodeposition, and a surface-directed growth mechanism based on the adsorption of the nickel-borate complex has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Graham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
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Vanpaemel J, van der Veen MH, De Gendt S, Vereecken PM. Enhanced nucleation of Ni nanoparticles on TiN through H3BO3-mediated growth inhibition. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Electrosynthesis of Ni/Al and Mg/Al Layered Double Hydroxides on Pt and FeCrAlloy supports: Study and control of the pH near the electrode surface. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Nam D, Kim R, Han D, Kim J, Kwon H. Effects of (NH4)2SO4 and BTA on the nanostructure of copper foam prepared by electrodeposition. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Recovery of nickel powder from copper bleed electrolyte of an Indian copper smelter by electrolysis. POWDER TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2007.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Song KD, Kim KB, Han SH, Lee HK. A study on effect of hydrogen reduction reaction on the initial stage of Ni electrodeposition using EQCM. Electrochem commun 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2481(03)00105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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19
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Lee KH, Kim GH, Jeung WY. Correlation between magnetic properties of electrodeposited Co(P) and NH4Cl concentrations in the electrolyte. Electrochem commun 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2481(02)00389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Möller FA, Magnussen OM, Behm RJ. Electrodeposition and Anodic Dissolution of Ni on Au(100): an in situ STM Study*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.1999.208.part_1_2.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Möller FA, Magnussen OM, Behm RJ. Electrodeposition and Anodic Dissolution of Ni on Au(100): an in situSTM Study*. Z PHYS CHEM 1997. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.1997.1.1.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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