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Rai MK, Kalia RK, Singh R, Gangola MP, Dhawan A. Developing stress tolerant plants through in vitro selection—An overview of the recent progress. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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El Hadrami A, El Idrissi-Tourane A, El Hassni M, Daayf F, El Hadrami I. Toxin-based in-vitro selection and its potential application to date palm for resistance to the bayoud Fusarium wilt. C R Biol 2005; 328:732-44. [PMID: 16125651 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2005.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Revised: 05/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is qualified as a 'tree' of great ecological and socio-economical importance in desert oases. Unfortunately, it is being decimated, especially in Morocco and Algeria, by a fusariosis wilt called bayoud and caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Fao). Controlling this disease requires the implementation of an integrated management program. Breeding for resistance is one of the most promising component strategies of this program. Few naturally resistant cultivars with a mediocre fruit quality (dates) are known. Conventional and non-conventional methods are under development and have to use the simplest and easiest methods to screen for resistant individuals. The use of pathogen toxins as selective agents at the tissue culture step might be a source of variability that can lead to the selection of individuals with suitable levels of resistance to the toxin and/or to the pathogen among the genetic material available. Foa produces toxins such as fusaric, succinic, 3-phenyl lactic acids and their derivatives, marasmins and peptidic toxins. These toxins can be used bulked or separately as selective agents. The aim of this contribution was to give a brief overview on toxins and their use as a mean to select resistant lines and to initiate a discussion about the potential use of this approach for the date palm-Foa pathosystem. This review does not pretend to be comprehensive or exhaustive and was prepared mainly to highlight the potential use of Foa toxins for selecting date palm individuals with a suitable resistance level to bayoud using toxin-based selective media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset El Hadrami
- Laboratoire de physiologie végétale, équipe 'Biotechnologies et Physiologie végétales', faculté des sciences Semlalia, université Cadi-Ayyad, BP 2390, 40 001 Marrakech, Morocco.
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Brar DS, Jain SM. Somaclonal Variation: Mechanism and Applications in Crop Improvement. SOMACLONAL VARIATION AND INDUCED MUTATIONS IN CROP IMPROVEMENT 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9125-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Venkatachalam P, Jayabalam N. Selection and regeneration of groundnut plants resistant to the pathotoxic culture filtrate ofCercosporidium personation through tissue culture technology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02787807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Slavov S, Blagoeva-Nikolaeva V. Effect of Phytophthora Parasitica Var Nicotianae (Race 0) Culture Filtrate on Direct Organogenesis in Tobacco Stem Explants. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.1995.10818835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Nikolaeva V, Varsano L, Eshkenazy M. Wild Fire Resistant Tobacco Plants Obtained from Calluses Cultivated on a Tabtoxin Containing Medium. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.1990.10818623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Bajaj YPS. Somaclonal Variation — Origin, Induction, Cryopreservation, and Implications in Plant Breeding. SOMACLONAL VARIATION IN CROP IMPROVEMENT I 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-02636-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sjödin C, Glimelius K. Differences in response to the toxin sirodesmin PL produced by Phoma lingam (Tode ex fr.) Desm. on protoplasts, cell aggregates and intact plants of resistant and susceptible Brassica accessions. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1989; 77:76-80. [PMID: 24232477 DOI: 10.1007/bf00292319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/1988] [Accepted: 08/18/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The selective property of sirodesmin PL, a toxin produced by Phoma lingam, was studied on protoplasts, cell aggregates, leaves and roots. Directly after isolation, protoplasts from all the different Brassica accessions were sensitive when treated with toxin in a concentration higher than 1 μM. When more differentiated plant tissue. i.e. cell aggregates, leaves or roots, were investigated, insensitivity to the toxin was found in the plant material resistant to P. lingam, while the plant material susceptible to P. lingam was sensitive. The results reveal that a clear correlation between resistance to P. lingam and insensitivity to sirodesmin PL is present, and that the toxin can be used to distinguish resistant plant material from susceptible both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sjödin
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7003, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Hammerschlag FA. Selection of peach cells for insensitivity to culture filtrates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni and regeneration of resistant plants. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1988; 76:865-869. [PMID: 24232397 DOI: 10.1007/bf00273674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/1988] [Accepted: 06/10/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Individual callus cultures were initiated from 400 immature embryos of bacterial leaf spot-susceptible 'Sunhigh' peach. Each was subjected to several selection cycles of a toxic culture filtrate produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni, the causal agent of leaf spot of peach. Progressively higher concentrations of the filtrate were used in each cycle. Two calli survived, and two plants were regenerated from each of the surviving calli. Each of the four clones was propagated in vitro and tested for whole plant resistance to X. c. pv. pruni. Results from bioassays on greenhouse-grown plants indicated that two out of the four selected clones were significantly more resistant to X. c. pv. pruni than the parental cv 'Sunhigh'. In addition, one clone was significantly more resistant than the moderately resistant cv 'Redhaven'.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Hammerschlag
- U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, 20705, Beltsville, MD, USA
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Chawla HS, Wenzel G. In vitro selection of barley and wheat for resistance against Helminthosporium sativum. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1987; 74:841-845. [PMID: 24240349 DOI: 10.1007/bf00247566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/1987] [Accepted: 06/10/1987] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Calli derived from immature embryos of barley and wheat genotypes were screened for their resistance to purified culture filtrate produced by the fungus Helminthosporium sativum P.K. and B. Two selection methods were used: a continuous method in which four cycles of selection were performed one after another on toxic medium and a discontinuous method in which a pause on non-toxic medium was given after the second or third cycle of selection. The latter was superior as it allowed the calli to regain their regeneration ability. About 3,000 calli from two barley genotypes and 2,000 from two wheat genotypes were used for selection. The selection with the pathotoxins resulted in 6% to 17% surviving calli. Toxin tolerant callus lines of barley were characterised by protein isozymes. Zymograms showed one more isozyme than with the unselected sensitive callus. Barley and wheat plants have been regenerated from callus lines surviving the toxin treatment and in vivo testing against pathogen revealed that the majority of these plants were less sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Chawla
- Biologische Bundesanstalt, Institut für Resistenzgenetik, D-8059, Grünbach, Federal Republic of Germany
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Arcioni S, Pezzotti M, Damiani F. In vitro selection of alfalfa plants resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1987; 74:700-705. [PMID: 24240327 DOI: 10.1007/bf00247544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/1985] [Accepted: 03/20/1987] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
From two lines of Medicago sativa characterized by a high regeneration capability, calli resistant to culture filtrate of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis have been selected. In these calli regeneration capability was greatly reduced and only one plant per callus was recovered. Regenerated plants have been evaluated for resistance to culture filtrate and for in vivo resistance to the pathogen. Three plants out of eight were resistant to the fungus and a high correlation between resistance to culture filtrate and in vivo resistance was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arcioni
- Centro di Studio Miglioramento Genetico Piante Foraggere C.N.R., Borgo XX giugno, 74, I-06100, Perugia, Italy
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Rines HW, Luke HH. Selection and regeneration of toxin-insensitive plants from tissue cultures of oats (Avena sativa) susceptible to Helminthosporium victoriae. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1985; 71:16-21. [PMID: 24247332 DOI: 10.1007/bf00278247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/1985] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Insensitivity to the pathotoxin victorin, which is produced by the fungus Helminthosporium victoriae (Meehan and Murphy), was selected in tissue cultures of oat (Avena sativa L.) lines heterozygous for the dominant sensitive allele Vb. The Vb allele imparts both susceptibility to H. victoriae and resistance to several races of oat crown rust (Puccinia coronata var. 'avenae', Fraser and E. Led.). None of 84 homozygous Vb Vb oat calli survived when grown on victorin-containing medium. Among 175 calli of heterozygous Vb vb cultures grown on toxin-containing medium, 16 representing 13 separate embryo-derived culture lines produced surviving callus sectors or shoots. Based on leaf bioassays of plants regenerated after toxin selection, nine culture lines gave toxin-insensitive plants and two gave plants showing the toxin sensitivity of the parent. Two selected lines failed to regenerate. Plants regenerated from 30 culture lines which had never been exposed to toxin-containing selection medium were all toxin sensitive. The toxin insensitivity of the regenerants from the toxin-selected culture lines was heritable since progeny of these plants were all insensitive. The toxin-insensitive selected lines all were found to have coincidentally lost the Vb crown rust resistance of the original line. In cytological analysis of meiotic cells of regenerants from the selected cultures, no chromosomal deficiency was found which could be associated with, and thus account for, the loss of sensitivity to the toxin. Somatic recombination and mutation to vb vb are other possible origins of toxin insensitivity in the selections. The victorin selection demonstrates that specific resistance can be selected in tissue cultures of oats. It also provides a highly sensitive scheme to test effects of culture conditions and chemical agents on induction of genetic and chromosomal changes in tissue cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Rines
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA
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Buiatti M, Scala A, Bettini P, Nascari G, Morpurgo R, Bogani P, Pellegrini G, Gimelli F, Venturo R. Correlations between in vivo resistance to Fusarium and in vitro response to fungal elicitors and toxic substances in carnation. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1985; 70:42-47. [PMID: 24254112 DOI: 10.1007/bf00264480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/1984] [Accepted: 09/15/1984] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of ascertaining the existance of a correlation between in vivo resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi and in vitro response to fungal elicitors and toxic substances, phenylalanine ammonialyase and phytoalexin accumulation, on one hand, and resistance to culture filtrate, on the other, were assayed in "in vitro" cultures of three susceptible and four resistant Dianthus caryophyllus cultivars. Cultivars showing varying degrees of resistance in vivo either tolerated higher culture filtrate concentrations ('Niki') or showed high PAL activity and phytoalexin production when treated with Fusarium elicitor ('Duca'), or responded positively to both treatments ('Mei-Ling', 'Pulcino'). No such responses were shown in tissue cultures of susceptible cultivars. The differential response to the fungal elicitor seemed to be highly specific as genetic differences between cultivars were not observed in tissue cultures treated with other biotic (Phytophthora infestans) and abiotic (HgCl2) elicitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Buiatti
- Istituto di Anatomia Comparata, Biologia Generale e Genetica Università, Firenze, Italy
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MILLER SALLYA, EVANS DAVIDA. Cellular Genetic Methods for the Improvement of Disease Resistance in Tobacco. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1984. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb13803.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Negrutiu I, Jacobs M, Cattoir-Reynaerts A. Progress in cellular engineering of plants: biochemical and genetic assessment of selectable markers from cultured cells. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1984; 3:289-302. [PMID: 24310514 DOI: 10.1007/bf00017783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent availability of stable and well characterized selectable markers and ability to combine alien genomes parasexually have contributed to the development of molecular biology in higher plants, including gene expression and genetic manipulation.Several types of biochemical mutants (resistant to inhibitory concentrations of aminoacid(s) or aminoacid analogs as well as deficient for enzyme activity) have recently been isolated and characterized biochemically and genetically. Among them, mutants with alterations in the nitrogen and aminoacid metabolism, or in the activity of alcohol dehydrogenases are being used in the development of more efficient techniques of gene transfer.The manipulation of whole genomes by sexual or somatic cell fusion offers new potential in this field, but refinement of transfer techniques is desirable. The new set of selectable markers obtained through advanced cellular technology, as well as our ability to regenerate plants from manipulated cell lines are expected to play a major role in cellular engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Negrutiu
- Plantengenetica, Instituut voor Moleculaire Biologie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1640, Sint-Genesius Rode, Belgium
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