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Sang Y, Kong B, Do PU, Ma L, Du J, Li L, Cheng X, Zhao Y, Zhou Q, Wu J, Song L, Zhang P. Microsporogenesis in the triploid hybrid 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#' and detection of primary trisomy in 2x × 3 × Populus hybrids. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:177. [PMID: 37016286 PMCID: PMC10074712 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary trisomy is a powerful genetic tool in plants. However, trisomy has not been detected in Populus as a model system for tree and woody perennial plant biology. RESULTS In the present study, a backcross between Populus alba × Populus glandulosa 'YXY 7#' (2n = 2x = 38) and the triploid hybrid 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#' (2n = 3x = 57) based on the observation of microsporogenesis and an evaluation of the variations in pollen was conducted to create primary trisomy. Many abnormalities, such as premature migration of chromosomes, lagging of chromosomes, chromosome bridges, asymmetric separation, micronuclei, and premature cytokinesis, have been detected during meiosis of the triploid hybrid clone 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#'. However, these abnormal behaviors did not result in completely aborted pollen. The pollen diameter of the triploid hybrid clone 'Beilinxiongzhu 1#' is bimodally distributed, which was similar to the chromosomal number of the backcross progeny. A total of 393 progeny were generated. We provide a protocol for determining the number of chromosomes in aneuploid progeny, and 19 distinct simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs covering the entire Populus genome were developed. Primary trisomy 11 and trisomy 17 were detected in the 2x × 3 x hybrid using the SSR molecular markers and counting of somatic chromosomes. CONCLUSIONS Nineteen distinct SSR primer pairs for determining chromosomal number in aneuploid individuals were developed, and two Populus trisomies were detected from 2x × 3 x hybrids by SSR markers and somatic chromosome counting. Our findings provide a powerful genetic tool to reveal the function of genes in Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Sang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bo Kong
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Phuong Uyen Do
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lexun Ma
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiahua Du
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuetong Cheng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lianjun Song
- Forest Tree Species Breeding Base of Weixian Country, Hebei, 054700, China
| | - Pingdong Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Cai X, Xu SS. Meiosis-driven genome variation in plants. Curr Genomics 2007; 8:151-61. [PMID: 18645601 PMCID: PMC2435351 DOI: 10.2174/138920207780833847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiosis includes two successive divisions of the nucleus with one round of DNA replication and leads to the formation of gametes with half of the chromosomes of the mother cell during sexual reproduction. It provides a cytological basis for gametogenesis and nheritance in eukaryotes. Meiotic cell division is a complex and dynamic process that involves a number of molecular and cellular events, such as DNA and chromosome replication, chromosome pairing, synapsis and recombination, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis. Meiosis maintains genome stability and integrity over sexual life cycles. On the other hand, meiosis generates genome variations in several ways. Variant meiotic recombination resulting from specific genome structures induces deletions, duplications, and other rearrangements within the genic and non-genic genomic regions and has been considered a major driving force for gene and genome evolution in nature. Meiotic abnormalities in chromosome segregation lead to chromosomally imbalanced gametes and aneuploidy. Meiotic restitution due to failure of the first or second meiotic division gives rise to unreduced gametes, which triggers polyploidization and genome expansion. This paper reviews research regarding meiosis-driven genome variation, including deletion and duplication of genomic regions, aneuploidy, and polyploidization, and discusses the effect of related meiotic events on genome variation and evolution in plants. Knowledge of various meiosis-driven genome variations provides insight into genome evolution and genetic variability in plants and facilitates plant genome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Cai
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University
| | - Steven S Xu
- USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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