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Caciotti A, Melani F, Tonin R, Cellai L, Catarzi S, Procopio E, Chilleri C, Mavridou I, Michelakakis H, Fioravanti A, d'Azzo A, Guerrini R, Morrone A. Type I sialidosis, a normosomatic lysosomal disease, in the differential diagnosis of late-onset ataxia and myoclonus: An overview. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:47-58. [PMID: 31711734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are rare to extremely rare monogenic disorders. Their incidence, however, has probably been underestimated owing to their complex clinical manifestations. Sialidosis is a prototypical LSD inherited as an autosomal recessive trait and caused by mutations in the NEU1 gene that result in a deficiency of alpha-N-acetyl neuraminidase 1 (NEU1). Two basic forms of this disease, type I and type II, are known. The dysmorphic type II form features LSD symptoms including congenital hydrops, dysmorphogenetic traits, hepato-splenomegaly and severe intellectual disability. The diagnosis is more challenging in the normosomatic type I forms, whose clinical findings at onset include ocular defects, ataxia and generalized myoclonus. Here we report the clinical, biochemical and molecular analysis of five patients with sialidosis type I. Two patients presented novel NEU1 mutations. One of these patients was compound heterozygous for two novel NEU1 missense mutations: c.530A>T (p.Asp177Val) and c.1010A>G (p.His337Arg), whereas a second patient was compound heterozygous for a known mutation and a novel c.839G>A (p.Arg280Gln) mutation. We discuss the impact of these new mutations on the structural properties of NEU1. We also review available clinical reports of patients with sialidosis type I, with the aim of identifying the most frequent initial clinical manifestations and achieving more focused diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Caciotti
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Melani
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Tonin
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Cellai
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Catarzi
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Procopio
- Metabolic and Muscular Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Chilleri
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Mavridou
- Division of Enzymology and Cellular Function, Institute of Child Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Michelakakis
- Division of Enzymology and Cellular Function, Institute of Child Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonella Fioravanti
- Structural Biology, Research Center-VIB (Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology), University of Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandra d'Azzo
- Dep. of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Multigene panel next generation sequencing in a patient with cherry red macular spot: Identification of two novel mutations in NEU1 gene causing sialidosis type I associated with mild to unspecific biochemical and enzymatic findings. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 10:1-4. [PMID: 27942463 PMCID: PMC5137178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) often manifest with cherry red macular spots. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and specific biochemical and enzymatic patterns. In uncertain cases, genetic testing with next generation sequencing can establish a diagnosis, especially in milder or atypical phenotypes. We report on the diagnostic work-up in a boy with sialidosis type I, presenting initially with marked cherry red macular spots but non-specific urinary oligosaccharide patterns and unusually mild excretion of bound sialic acid. Methods Biochemical, enzymatic and genetic tests were performed in the patient. The clinical and electrophysiological data was reviewed and a genotype-phenotype analysis was performed. In addition a systematic literature review was carried out. Case report and results Cherry red macular spots were first noted at 6 years of age after routine screening myopia. Physical examination, psychometric testing, laboratory investigations as well as cerebral MRI were unremarkable at 9 years of age. So far no clinical myoclonic seizures occurred, but EEG displays generalized epileptic discharges and visual evoked potentials are prolonged bilaterally. Urine thin layer chromatography showed an oligosaccharide pattern compatible with different LSD including sialidosis, galactosialidosis, GM1 gangliosidosis or mucopolysaccharidosis type IV B. Urinary bound sialic acid excretion was mildly elevated in spontaneous and 24 h urine samples. In cultured fibroblasts, α-sialidase activity was markedly decreased to < 1%; however, bound and free sialic acid were within normal range. Diagnosis was eventually established by multigene panel next generation sequencing of genes associated to LSD, identifying two novel, compound heterozygous variants in NEU1 gene (c.699C > A, p.S233R in exon 4 and c.803A > G; p.Y268C in Exon 5 in NEU1 transcript NM_000434.3), leading to amino acid changes predicted to impair protein function. Discussion Sialidosis should be suspected in patients with cherry red macular spots, even with non-significant urinary sialic acid excretion. Multigene panel next generation sequencing can establish a definite diagnosis, allowing for counseling of the patient and family.
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Morimoto K, Nagaoka K, Nagai A, Kashii H, Hosokawa M, Takahashi Y, Ogihara T, Kubota M. Analysis of a child who developed abnormal neuropsychiatric symptoms after administration of oseltamivir: a case report. BMC Neurol 2015; 15:130. [PMID: 26242979 PMCID: PMC4526296 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-015-0393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropsychiatric side effects of oseltamivir occur occasionally, especially in infants and young patients, but nothing is known about possible contributory factors. Case presentation We report a case of a 15-year-old Japanese female with influenza infection who developed abnormal psychiatric symptoms after administration of standard doses of oseltamivir. She had no history of neurological illness, had never previously taken oseltamivir, and had not developed psychiatric reactions during previous influenza infection. Her delirium-like symptoms, including insomnia, visual hallucinations, and a long-term memory deficit, disappeared after cessation of oseltamivir and administration of benzodiazepine. Detailed assessment was performed, including neurological examination (electroencephalogram, brain magnetic resonance imaging, single photon emission computed tomography with 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer and with 123I-iomazenil, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and glutamate receptor autoantibodies), drug level determination and simulation, and genetic assessment (OAT1, OAT3, CES1, Neu2). Conclusions Abnormal slowing in the electroencephalogram, which is characteristic of influenza-associated encephalopathy, was not observed in repeated recordings. The serum level determination of active metabolite Ro 64-0802 determined at 154 h after final dosing of oseltamivir was higher than the expected value, suggesting delayed elimination of Ro 64-0802. Thus, abnormal exposure to Ro 64-0802 might have contributed, at least in part, to the development of neuropsychiatric symptoms in this patient. The score on Naranjo’s adverse drug reaction probability scale was 6. Mutation of c.122G > A (R41Q) in the sialidase Neu2 gene, increased CSF glutamate receptor autoantibodies, and limbic GABAergic dysfunction indicated by SPECT with 123I-iomazenil were found as possible contributory factors to the CNS side effects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12883-015-0393-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Morimoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-city, Gunma, Japan. .,Department of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai-city, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Kei Nagaoka
- Department of General Pediatrics and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
| | - Akira Nagai
- Department of General Pediatrics and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Kashii
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
| | - Masakiyo Hosokawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi-city, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yukitoshi Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Urushiyama 886, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-8688, Japan.
| | - Takuo Ogihara
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-city, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Masaya Kubota
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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Fernández-Marmiesse A, Morey M, Pineda M, Eiris J, Couce ML, Castro-Gago M, Fraga JM, Lacerda L, Gouveia S, Pérez-Poyato MS, Armstrong J, Castiñeiras D, Cocho JA. Assessment of a targeted resequencing assay as a support tool in the diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:59. [PMID: 24767253 PMCID: PMC4024120 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With over 50 different disorders and a combined incidence of up to 1/3000 births, lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) constitute a major public health problem and place an enormous burden on affected individuals and their families. Many factors make LSD diagnosis difficult, including phenotype and penetrance variability, shared signs and symptoms, and problems inherent to biochemical diagnosis. Developing a powerful diagnostic tool could mitigate the protracted diagnostic process for these families, lead to better outcomes for current and proposed therapies, and provide the basis for more appropriate genetic counseling. METHODS We have designed a targeted resequencing assay for the simultaneous testing of 57 lysosomal genes, using in-solution capture as the enrichment method and two different sequencing platforms. A total of 84 patients with high to moderate-or low suspicion index for LSD were enrolled in different centers in Spain and Portugal, including 18 positive controls. RESULTS We correctly diagnosed 18 positive blinded controls, provided genetic diagnosis to 25 potential LSD patients, and ended with 18 diagnostic odysseys. CONCLUSION We report the assessment of a next-generation-sequencing-based approach as an accessory tool in the diagnosis of LSDs, a group of disorders which have overlapping clinical profiles and genetic heterogeneity. We have also identified and quantified the strengths and limitations of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology applied to diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fernández-Marmiesse
- Unidad Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (Servicio de Neonatología), Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Marcos Morey
- Unidad Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (Servicio de Neonatología), Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Merce Pineda
- Neuropediatra Fundación Hospital San Juan de Dios, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Eiris
- Servicio de Neuropediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Couce
- Unidad Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (Servicio de Neonatología), Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel Castro-Gago
- Servicio de Neuropediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Fraga
- Unidad Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (Servicio de Neonatología), Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Lucia Lacerda
- Unidade de Bioquímica Genética, Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Gouveia
- Unidad Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (Servicio de Neonatología), Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Judith Armstrong
- Servicio de Genética Molecular, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daisy Castiñeiras
- Unidad Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (Servicio de Neonatología), Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Jose A Cocho
- Unidad Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (Servicio de Neonatología), Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
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Lai SC, Chen RS, Wu Chou YH, Chang HC, Kao LY, Huang YZ, Weng YH, Chen JK, Hwu WL, Lu CS. A longitudinal study of Taiwanese sialidosis type 1: an insight into the concept of cherry-red spot myoclonus syndrome. Eur J Neurol 2009; 16:912-9. [PMID: 19473359 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02622.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sialidosis type 1 (ST-1) is a neurodegenerative disorder with limited long-term follow-up report. This study is to document the chronological profile of ST-1. METHODS We perform serial analysis of 17 Taiwanese patients with ST-1 focusing on evolution of clinical features, electrophysiological findings, genetic studies, and neuroimage examinations. RESULTS All patients had a mutation at 554A-->G in exon 3 of the NEU1 gene causing Ser182Gly substitution. Fifteen patients were homozygous. Two patients were heterozygous with novel mutations, 956C-->T causing Ala319Val in one and 163C-->T causing Gln55stop codon in the other. The neuraminidase activity was markedly decreased in all 11 available patients. Only three patients (17.6%) manifested the macular cherry-red spot. The majority of patients (82.3%) developed full-blown manifestation of myoclonus, ataxia, and seizures within 5 years. Abnormal somatosensory evoked potentials with giant cortical waves were found in all patients. Prolonged P100 peak latency of the visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were found in 16 patients (94.1%) in the early stage even without visual symptoms. CONCLUSION ST-1 in Taiwanese population illustrates distinct characteristics of phenotype with infrequent cherry-red spot. We suggest to screen the NEU1 mutations in patients presenting action myoclonus with abnormal VEPs, even without macular cherry-red spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-C Lai
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Staretz-Chacham O, Lang TC, LaMarca ME, Krasnewich D, Sidransky E. Lysosomal storage disorders in the newborn. Pediatrics 2009; 123:1191-207. [PMID: 19336380 PMCID: PMC2768319 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders are rare inborn errors of metabolism, with a combined incidence of 1 in 1500 to 7000 live births. These relatively rare disorders are seldom considered when evaluating a sick newborn. A significant number of the >50 different lysosomal storage disorders, however, do manifest in the neonatal period and should be part of the differential diagnosis of several perinatal phenotypes. We review the earliest clinical features, diagnostic tests, and treatment options for lysosomal storage disorders that can present in the newborn. Although many of the lysosomal storage disorders are characterized by a range in phenotypes, the focus of this review is on the specific symptoms and clinical findings that present in the perinatal period, including neurologic, respiratory, endocrine, and cardiovascular manifestations, dysmorphic features, hepatosplenomegaly, skin or ocular involvement, and hydrops fetalis/congenital ascites. A greater awareness of these features may help to reduce misdiagnosis and promote the early detection of lysosomal storage disorders. Implementing therapy at the earliest stage possible is crucial for several of the lysosomal storage disorders; hence, an early appreciation of these disorders by physicians who treat newborns is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Staretz-Chacham
- Office of the Clinical Director, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tess C. Lang
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary E. LaMarca
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Donna Krasnewich
- Office of the Clinical Director, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Uhl J, Penzel R, Sergi C, Kopitz J, Otto HF, Cantz M. Identification of a CTL4/Neu1 fusion transcript in a sialidosis patient. FEBS Lett 2002; 521:19-23. [PMID: 12067718 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(02)02748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The deficiency of the lysosomal neuraminidase (NEU1; sialidase) causes the storage disorder sialidosis with symptoms ranging from eye abnormalities and neurological disturbances to skeletal malformations, mental retardation and early death. Sialidosis patients encompassing a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms were screened for mutations in neu1. We identified the same homozygous interstitial deletion (11 kb) in two patients causing the fusion of exon 10 of CTL4 (New Gene 22; NG22) with the 3'-UTR of neu1. In one patient we found the resulting CTL4/Neu1 fusion transcript, in the other we detected an alternatively spliced CTL4 transcript (retention of intron 9).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Uhl
- Department of Pathochemistry and Neurochemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Penzel R, Uhl J, Kopitz J, Beck M, Otto HF, Cantz M. Splice donor site mutation in the lysosomal neuraminidase gene causing exon skipping and complete loss of enzyme activity in a sialidosis patient. FEBS Lett 2001; 501:135-8. [PMID: 11470272 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sialidosis is a lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of alpha-N-acetylneuraminidase (NEU1; sialidase), the key enzyme for the intralysosomal catabolism of sialylated glycoconjugates. We have identified a homozygous transversion in the last intron (IVSE +1 G>C) in neu1 of a sialidosis patient. Sequencing of the truncated cDNA revealed an alternatively spliced neu1 transcript which lacks the complete sequence of exon 5. Skipping of exon 5 leads to a frameshift and results in a premature termination codon. This is the first description of an intronic point mutation causing a complete deficiency of the lysosomal neuraminidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Penzel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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von Reitzenstein C, Kopitz J, Schuhmann V, Cantz M. Differential functional relevance of a plasma membrane ganglioside sialidase in cholinergic and adrenergic neuroblastoma cell lines. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:326-33. [PMID: 11168367 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2001.01883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides located in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane are important modulators of cellular functions. Our previous work has shown that in cultured human SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells a sialidase residing in the same membrane selectively desialylates gangliosides with terminal sialic acid residues, causing a shift from higher species to GM1 and a conversion of GM3 to lactosylceramide. Inhibition of this sialidase by 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc2en) resulted in increased cell proliferation and a loss of differentiation markers. In this study, we examined the occurrence and function of this ganglioside sialidase in other neuronal cells. Subcellular fractionation showed the sialidase to be located in the plasma membrane of all cell lines studied. The presence of the inhibitor NeuAc2en led to a profound decrease in the amount of the differentiation marker 200 kDa/70 kDa neurofilaments and an increase in cell proliferation in the cholinergic SK-N-MC and mixed cholinergic/adrenergic SK-N-FI and SK-N-DZ neuroblastoma lines, but had little or no effect in the human adrenergic SK-N-SH and SK-N-AS and the adrenergic/cholinergic PC12 cells from rat. The influence of the inhibitor on cell behaviour was paralleled by a diminished number of cholera toxin B-binding GM1 sites. The findings demonstrate that the plasma membrane ganglioside sialidase is an important element of proliferation and differentiation control in some, but not all, neuroblastoma cells and suggest that there might be a relationship between plasma membrane sialidase activity and cholinergic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C von Reitzenstein
- Institut für Pathochemie und Neurochemie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220, Klinikum der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Kopitz J, Sinz K, Brossmer R, Cantz M. Partial characterization and enrichment of a membrane-bound sialidase specific for gangliosides from human brain tissue. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1997; 248:527-34. [PMID: 9346312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides, constituents of surfaces of vertebrate cells, modulate important cellular functions. Ganglioside-specific sialidases that possibly control these processes have been observed in a number of tissues, but their characterization has proved difficult due to their low abundance and lability. Here we describe the partial isolation and characterization of a ganglioside sialidase from human brain grey matter. After membrane extraction with octylglucoside, the enzyme was purified about 1300-fold by ion-exchange, affinity and gel-permeation chromatographies. Although PAGE still showed several protein bands, specific photoaffinity labelling with iodinated 5-N-acetyl-9-(4-azidosalicoylamido)-2,9-dideoxy-2,3-didehydrone uraminic acid identified a single polypeptide of 60 kDa likely to contain the active site of the sialidase. In the presence of 0.4% octylglucoside, the purified sialidase desialylated gangliosides G(M3), G(D1a), G(D1b) and G(T1b), but was inactive towards G(M1), G(M2), colominic acid, sialyl-(alpha2-3)-lactose, 2-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-neuraminate, or the glycoprotein fetuin. The ganglioside sialidase activity was strongly inhibited by 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid, heparin and heparan sulfate. Because of its substrate and inhibitor profiles, the purified enzyme resembles the activity characterized previously in the plasma membrane of human neuroblastoma cells, but is distinct from a lysosomal activity. The purified brain sialidase thus appears to function in the selective desialylation of gangliosides with terminal sialic acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kopitz
- Institute of Pathochemistry and Neurochemistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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Fang-Kircher SG. Comparison of sialic acids excretion in spot urines and 24-hour-urines of children and adults. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY : JOURNAL OF THE FORUM OF EUROPEAN CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SOCIETIES 1997; 35:47-52. [PMID: 9156567 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.1997.35.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids comprise all N- and O-acyl derivatives of neuraminic acid and are components of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Their concentrations vary physiologically with age but also in diseases such as inflammation, neoplastic tumours or in inborn genetic disorders causing abnormal sialic acid metabolism. Determination of free and bound sialic acids in urine using the thiobarbituric acid method according to Warren (J Biol Chem 1959; 234:1971-5) was shown to be useful for the diagnosis of diseases that involve sialic acid metabolic disorders. This test-also used for the diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolic diseases, such as sialidosis, infantile sialic acid storage disease, Salla's disease, neuraminidase deficiency and others-should be included in the selective screening for storage diseases. With the reported number of mild, juvenile and adult forms of genetic disorders increasing, this diagnosis will also be useful for teenagers and adults. We therefore considered it important not to confine our investigation to children and compared the diagnostic value of 24-hour and spot urines. As shown in 24-hour urines (n = 242, 128 males, 114 females) the average excretion of sialic acids increases constantly during life, from 67.6 mumol to 444.0 mumol per day, as does the free (27.5 mumol to 217.1 mumol) and bound fraction (40.1 mumol to 226.9 mumol). The relative proportion of free and bound sialic acid shows only slight lifetime variations, the free fraction increases from about 40 percent the first few years to about 53 percent of total in the fifth decade. In the spot urines, the mean ratio of total free sialic acids and urinary creatinine (mmol/mol) decreases constantly during the first few decades, with a sharp drop during the first years of life (from 3 months-2 years: from 203.9 to 94.2 and 82.1 to 42.3 respectively; with 10 years: 52.3 and 22.4 respectively; in the sixth decade: 44.8 and 21.9). Similar findings could also be observed in the investigated 24-hour urines (correlation coefficient of ratios, R = +0.981). The comparison of 24-hour urines and spot urines confirms the reliability of results for spot urines, however, the urine collection over an extended period yields additional information.
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Abstract
Patients at any age who develop regression of learned skills, onset of dementia, loss of motor control and organ enlargement should be considered for lysosomal screening. Morphological and biochemical screening methods may reinforce the clinical suspicion, but they are not diagnostic. A widespread use of enzyme assays that appear to be related to the clinical problems is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ullrich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Münster, Germany
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Ledvinová J, Poupĕtová H, Elleder M, Tichý J, Pĕnicková V, Harzer K. Sialidosis type I: first report in the Czech population of two siblings with cherry-red spot myoclonus syndrome but without sialyloligosacchariduria. J Inherit Metab Dis 1994; 17:118-9. [PMID: 8051919 DOI: 10.1007/bf00735411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ledvinová
- Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Abstract
The intracellular degradation of glycoproteins occurs predominantly in the lysosomes through the concerted action of proteases and glycosidases. Genetic defects in any of the enzymes cleaving the oligosaccharide side chains lead to specific diseases because of an excessive lysosomal accumulation of partially degraded material, mostly oligosaccharides. This paper presents an overview of the biochemistry and the clinical spectrum of this group of diseases including sialidosis, galactosialidosis, alpha- and beta-mannosidosis, fucosidosis, aspartylglucosaminuria, and alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency (Schindler disease). In addition, the sialic acid storage disorder (Salla disease) which is caused by a defect in the lysosomal transport of this acidic monosaccharide is included because of functional and clinical correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cantz
- Institute of Pathochemistry and General Neurochemistry, University of Heidelberg, FRG
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Lieser M, Harms E, Kern H, Bach G, Cantz M. Ganglioside GM3 sialidase activity in fibroblasts of normal individuals and of patients with sialidosis and mucolipidosis IV. Subcellular distribution and and some properties. Biochem J 1989; 260:69-74. [PMID: 2775195 PMCID: PMC1138626 DOI: 10.1042/bj2600069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive assays for the determination of the ganglioside sialidase activity of fibroblast homogenates were established using ganglioside GM3, 3H-labelled in the sphingosine moiety, as a substrate. Ganglioside GM3 sialidase activity was greatly stimulated by the presence of the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 and was further enhanced by salts such as NaCl; the optimal pH was 4.5. The subcellular localization of this activity was determined by fractionation using free-flow electrophoresis and found to be exclusively associated with the marker for the plasma membrane, but not with that for lysosomes. This Triton-stimulated ganglioside sialidase activity was selectively inhibited by preincubating intact cells in the presence of millimolar concentrations of Cu2+, suggesting that the activity resides on the external surface of the plasma membrane. In normal fibroblasts homogenates, ganglioside GM3 sialidase was also greatly stimulated by sodium cholate. In contrast to the Triton X-100-activated reaction, however, it was not diminished by prior incubation of intact cells in the presence of Cu2+. Only after cell lysis was Cu2+ inhibitory. the cholate-stimulated ganglioside sialidase activity thus paralleled the behaviour of the lysosomal 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid (4-MU-NeuAc) sialidase. In fibroblasts from sialidosis patients, the cholate-stimulated ganglioside GM3 sialidase activity, but not that of the Triton-activated enzyme, was profoundly diminished. In fibroblasts from patients with mucolipidosis IV (ML IV), both the Triton X-100- and the cholate-stimulated ganglioside GM3 sialidase activities were in the range of normal controls. The Triton-activated enzyme was associated with the plasma membrane in the same manner as in normal cells. Our findings suggest that, in human fibroblasts, there exist two sialidases that degrade ganglioside GM3: one on the external surface of the plasma membrane, and another that is localized in lysosomes and seems identical with the activity that acts on sialyloligosaccharides and 4-MU-NeuAc. As neither activity was found to be deficient in ML IV fibroblasts, our results argue against the hypothesis of a primary involvement of a ganglioside GM3 sialidase in the pathogenesis of ML IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lieser
- Institute of Pathochemistry, University of Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
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Spranger J. Inborn errors of complex carbohydrate metabolism. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1987; 28:489-99. [PMID: 2962491 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320280227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Spranger
- Children's Hospital, University of Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany
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