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An empirical analysis of mtSSRs: could microsatellite distribution patterns explain the evolution of mitogenomes in plants? Funct Integr Genomics 2021; 22:35-53. [PMID: 34751851 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-021-00815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microsatellites (SSRs) are tandem repeat sequences in eukaryote genomes, including plant cytoplasmic genomes. The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) has been shown to vary in size, number, and distribution of SSRs among different plant groups. Thus, SSRs contribute with genomic diversity in mtDNAs. However, the abundance, distribution, and evolutionary significance of SSRs in mtDNA from a wide range of algae and plants have not been explored. In this study, the mtDNAs of 204 plant and algal species were investigated related to the presence of SSRs. The number of SSRs was positively correlated with genome size. Its distribution is dependent on plant and algal groups analyzed, although the cluster analysis indicates the conservation of some common motifs in algal and terrestrial plants that reflect common ancestry of groups. Many SSRs in coding and non-coding regions can be useful for molecular markers. Moreover, mitochondrial SSRs are highly abundant, representing an important source for natural or induced genetic variation, i.e., for biotechnological approaches that can modulate mtDNA gene regulation. Thus, this comparative study increases the understanding of the plant and algal SSR evolution and brings perspectives for further studies.
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2
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Huang L, Xiang J, Liu J, Rong T, Wang J, Lu Y, Tang Q, Wen W, Cao M. Expression characterization of genes for CMS-C in maize. PROTOPLASMA 2012; 249:1119-27. [PMID: 22160189 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-011-0358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)-C is one of the most attractive sources of male sterility in the production of hybrid maize. However, the abortion mechanism of CMS-C is currently unknown. The major aim of this work was to characterize the expression of genes and proteins during pollen abortion. The materials assayed included CMS-C line C48-2, its maintainer line N48-2, and fertile F(1) (C48-2 × 18 white). A total of 20 unique genes and 25 proteins were identified by suppression subtractive hybridization and 2-D electrophoresis, respectively. Most of the genes and proteins identified are closely related to energy metabolism, stress responses, molecular chaperones, and cell death, which are generally considered to be essential to pollen development. Based on the function of these identified genes and proteins, reactive oxygen species in isolated mitochondria and DNA fragments were analyzed. The results from this study indicate that the oxidative stress which was associated with the specific expression patterns of some genes may be the physiological cause for the abortion of premature microspores in the maize CMS-C line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Maize Biology and Genetic Breeding on Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
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3
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Wang J, Cao MJ, Pan GT, Lu YL, Rong TZ. RNA editing of mitochondrial functional genes atp6 and cox2 in maize (Zea mays L.). Mitochondrion 2009; 9:364-9. [PMID: 19666144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RNA editing of two mitochondrial or organs genes, atp6 and cox2, in different tissues were analyzed using homonucleic but alloplasmic, and homoplasmic but heteronucleic maize (zea mays L.) as experimental materials. A total of 18 and 26 editing sites for atp6 conservative region transcript were identified by direct and clone sequencing, respectively. By direct sequencing 23 and 22 editing sites for cox2 transcript were identified in 48-2 and Huangzaosi nuclear backgrounds, respectively. From the direct sequencing results, the occurrence rates of different transcripts generally increase in sterile lines. It is concluded that RNA editing of atp6 and cox2 might have a certain relationship with maize CMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resource and Improvement, Ministry of Education, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
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4
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Rajendrakumar P, Biswal AK, Balachandran SM, Srinivasarao K, Sundaram RM. Simple sequence repeats in organellar genomes of rice: frequency and distribution in genic and intergenic regions. Bioinformatics 2006; 23:1-4. [PMID: 17077096 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btl547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are abundant across genomes. However, the significance of SSRs in organellar genomes of rice has not been completely understood. The availability of organellar genome sequences allows us to understand the organization of SSRs in their genic and intergenic regions. RESULTS We have analyzed SSRs in mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes of rice. We identified 2528 SSRs in the mitochondrial genome and average 870 SSRs in the chloroplast genomes. About 8.7% of the mitochondrial and 27.5% of the chloroplast SSRs were observed in the genic region. Dinucleotides were the most abundant repeats in genic and intergenic regions of the mitochondrial genome while mononucleotides were predominant in the chloroplast genomes. The rps and nad gene clusters of mitochondria had the maximum repeats, while the rpo and ndh gene clusters of chloroplast had the maximum repeats. We identified SSRs in both organellar genomes and validated in different cultivars and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passoupathy Rajendrakumar
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Crop Improvement Section, Directorate of Rice Research Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500030, India
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5
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Andersson-Ceplitis H, Bengtsson BO. Transmission rates and phenotypic effects of mitochondrial plasmids and cytotypes in Silene vulgaris. Evolution 2002; 56:1586-91. [PMID: 12353751 DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01470.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the transmission properties and the phenotypic effects of two mitochondrial plasmids in a population of the bladder campion, Silene vulgaris. In reciprocal crosses between plasmid-free and plasmid-carrying plants, no cases of paternal transmission or loss during maternal transmission were recorded. Neither was any transmission via pollen observed when plasmid-carrying plants of S. vulgaris were used to pollinate plasmid-free plants of the closely related species Silene uniflora. The phenotypic effects of the plasmids were investigated by comparing germination rate, early growth properties, and the gender of plants grown from seeds with and without plasmids. A significant association between plasmid status, on the one hand, and germination propensity and offspring gender, on the other, was found. However, because all plants carrying plasmids in the experiment shared the same cytoplasmic background, the exact contribution of the plasmid to the phenotypic variation could not be determined. Taken together, our experiments show that in S. vulgaris the mt-plasmids are not currently involved in any strong genetic conflict, but that they evolve in close association with their mitochondrial host.
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6
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Andersson-Ceplitis H, Bengtsson BO. TRANSMISSION RATES AND PHENOTYPIC EFFECTS OF MITOCHONDRIAL PLASMIDS AND CYTOTYPES IN SILENE VULGARIS. Evolution 2002. [DOI: 10.1554/0014-3820(2002)056[1586:trapeo]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Zhou PJ, Zhou HT, Yi P, Liu Y, Wu ZB, Qu SS, Zhu YG. Microcalorimetric studies on the thermogenesis of energy release of mitochondria isolated from rice. Microchem J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0026-265x(00)00160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Zhou PJ, Zhou HT, Liu Y, Qu SS, Zhu YG, Wu ZB. Studies on the energy release of rice mitochondria under different conditions by means of microcalorimetry. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2001; 48:1-11. [PMID: 11282397 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(00)00123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of energy release of mitochondria isolated from rice (Oryza sative L.) were studied by using a LKB 2277 Bioactivity Monitor under different conditions. The thermogenesis curves of energy release of the rice mitochondria (which had been kept at 0-3 degrees C for 15 h and 40 day before the determination) were determined respectively at 25 and 30 degrees C, and the difference in shape of the thermogenesis curves and thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics were compared. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of energy release of the mitochondria in the thermogenesis increasing stage have been calculated, and the experimental thermokinetic equations of the thermogenesis have been established. The results indicated that the lower the temperature, the slower the energy release of the rice mitochondria. Both the thermogenesis and the energy release rate of the rice mitochondria increased after the mitochondria was kept at lower temperature for 40 days. One can use the methods to characterize the ability of the rice mitochondria to release energy under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
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9
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New procedure for the differential display of mitochondria RNA. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03183572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Dai H, Lo YS, Charn CG, Ruddat M, Chiang KS. Characterization of protein synthesis by isolated rice mitochondria. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1993; 86:312-316. [PMID: 24193475 DOI: 10.1007/bf00222094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/1992] [Accepted: 11/03/1992] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria-free mitochondria were isolated from aseptically grown, etiolated and green seedlings of both cytoplasmic male-sterile (WA-type) and male-fertile rice (Oryza sativa L.). Protein synthesis in these isolated mitochondria was characterized by gel electrophoresis/fluorography and by the incorporation of [(35)S]-methionine into protein. In the presence of cycloheximide, a set of some 25 discrete polypeptides and an electrophoretically unresolved population were synthesized. This pattern of protein synthesis in organello was essentially the same in mitochondria isolated from both male-fertile and malesterile cytoplasms. Our data does not preclude the possibility, however, that the WA-type CMS possesses a tissue-specific and/or a low abundance mitochondrial protein(s), whose synthesis eluded detection under our experimental conditions. The synthesis of the mitochondria-encoded polypeptides by isolated rice mitochondria was inhibited by chloramphenicol and incompletely inhibited by erythromycin. A minor chloramphenicol-insensitive, cycloheximide-sensitive translation activity was found consistently to copurify with the mitochondria. This activity generated a reproducible electrophoretic profile of a poorly resolved, weakly labelled population of polypeptides and of a few conspicuous polypeptides, including a 42 kDa species.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dai
- Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Peoples Republic of China
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11
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12
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Dudareva NA, Popovsky AV, Kasjanova UV, Veprev SG, Mglinets AV, Salganik RI. Expression of mitochondrial genes in fertile and sterile sugar beet cytoplasms with different nuclear fertility restorer genes. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1991; 83:217-224. [PMID: 24202361 DOI: 10.1007/bf00226254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/1991] [Accepted: 04/14/1991] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Variations in mitochondrial genome organization and in its expression between fertile, sterile sugar beet lines and fertile nuclear-restored plants were studied. Southern blot hybridization with COXI, COXII, COB and atpA mitochondrial genes as probes showed that changes in the mitochondrial genome organization of sterile lines are associated with variations in the location of COB, atpA and COXII, but not COXI. When the COXII and atpA genes were used as hybridization probes, differences in the primary structure of mitochondrial DNAs from sterile lines of different origin were revealed. Differences in the transcriptional patterns of the three mitochondrial genes (COXI, COXII and atpA) were observed between fertile and sterile sugar beet lines; COB was the only mitochondrial gene whose transcription was identical in both fertile and sterile cytoplasms. The dominant nuclear fertility restorer genes altered the transcriptional patterns of the COB and atpA without affecting those of the COXI and COXII genes; atp A expression was identical in fertile plants and nuclear-restored plants with sterile cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Dudareva
- Siberian Department, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 630090, Novosibirsk, USSR
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13
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Kanazawa A, Sakamoto W, Kishimoto N, Yano M, Tsutsumi N, Saito A, Tano S. Linkage analysis of the nuclear homologues of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs in rice. IDENGAKU ZASSHI 1991; 66:597-607. [PMID: 1685659 DOI: 10.1266/jjg.66.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A genetical study on the nucleotide sequences of the nuclear DNAs which share homology with rice mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs, B1, B2, B3 and B4 was carried out. Restriction fragments of the nuclear DNAs hybridized with these plasmid-like DNAs showed polymorphisms in their length between Indica and Japonica rice cultivars. The hybridized signals found specifically in Indica or Japonica cultivars segregated in the F2 population derived from a cross between these two subspecies. The observed ratio of the nuclear homologues in the F2 population demonstrated that they were transmitted according to the Mendelian inheritance. The co-segregation of homologues was examined and the linkage was detected between the B1-nuclear homologue of Japonica and the B4-nuclear homologue of Indica, and also between the nuclear homologues of B2 and B3 of Indica. The linkage between the B1-nuclear homologue of Japonica and the B4-nuclear homologue of Indica was conserved in the different rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kanazawa
- Laboratory of Radiation Genetics and Chemical Mutagenesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Sakamoto W, Kadowaki K, Kishimoto N, Yano M, Saito A, Tano S. RFLP analysis of nuclear DNAs homologous with mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs in cultivated rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1991; 82:179-184. [PMID: 24213063 DOI: 10.1007/bf00226210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/1990] [Accepted: 12/05/1990] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
B1 and B2 are small, circular, mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs found in male-sterile cytoplasm (cms-Bo) of rice. In this study, nuclear sequences homologous to these DNAs were investigated among a number of rice cultivars. Several copies of nuclear B1-and B2-homologous sequences were detected in all examined cultivars, regardless of the presence or absence of the B1 and B2 DNAs in mitochondria, indicating that the existence of the B1- and B2-homologous sequences in the rice nuclear genome was widespread. A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was detected for both sequences, and we propose that these DNAs could be useful RFLP markers for the rice nuclear genome. To analyze these nuclear homologues genetically, segregation analysis of the RFLP was carried out in the F2 progenies of an Indica-Japonica rice hybrid. Of the B1 homologues, there were two nonallelic fragments, one specific to the Indica parent and the other to the Japonica. These results indicate that the B1 and B2 homologues were dispersed in the nuclear genome. The integration of B1-homologous DNA into the nuclear DNA may have occurred independently after sexual isolation of the Indica and Japonica rice varietal groups, or a intranuclear transposition of these sequences took place during the process of rice differentiation into the varietal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sakamoto
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, 113, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Claes B, Smalle J, Dekeyser R, Van Montagu M, Caplan A. Organ-dependent regulation of a plant promoter isolated from rice by 'promoter-trapping' in tobacco. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1991; 1:15-26. [PMID: 1844878 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.1991.00015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
A vector containing a transcriptionally inactive neomycin phosphotransferase II gene was used to select promoter sequences from a pool of random genomic DNA fragments. This paper describes how one such sequence (P4.7) isolated from Oryza sativa acts as a hormonally regulated promoter in Nicotiana tabacum. Relative expression ratios in leaf, root, midrib, callus, and stem tissue of tobacco plants are 1:5:4:10:17. Histochemical assays show that P4.7 activates the uidA reporter gene throughout the phloem and cortex of tobacco stems. Transcription from the P4.7 fragment is inducible in leaf tissue by low levels of alpha-naphthalene acetic acid or 6-benzyl-aminopurine, even when cell proliferation is inhibited by colchicine or hydroxyurea. Conversely, 1% DMSO was found to inhibit activation of P4.7 without interfering with callus formation. The fragment contains TATA and CAAT sequences normally found at the 5' end of many plant genes, and an additional region homologous to sequences located in similar positions in a variety of similarly regulated promoters. Promoter deletion and fusion experiments have indicated the location of a stem enhancer element in P4.7. The promoter trap system we have described may potentially be used to characterize transcriptional factors common to monocot and dicot species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Claes
- Laboratorium voor Genetica, Rijksuniversiteit Gent, Belgium
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16
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17
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Dudareva NA, Veprev SG, Popovsky AV, Maletsky SI, Gileva IP, Salganik RI. High-rate spontaneous reversion to cytoplasmic male sterility in sugar beet: a characterization of the mitochondrial genomes. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1990; 79:817-24. [PMID: 24226745 DOI: 10.1007/bf00224251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/1989] [Accepted: 02/09/1990] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Among the fertile sugar beet lines with nuclear sterility maintenance genes, rf, in a homozygous recessive state, sublines capable of reverting spontaneously at a high rate to sterility were identified. Of 24 related fertile sublines studied, 6 were found to spontaneously revert to sterility with a frequency of about 19%. Genetic analysis confirmed the cytoplasmic nature of spontaneously arising sterility. Reversion to sterility in these sublines was accompanied by alterations in the mitochondrial genome structure: loss of the autonomously replicating minicircle c (1.3 kb) and changes in the restriction patterns of high-molecular-weight mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Southern hybridixation analysis with cloned minicircle c as a probe revealed no integration of this DNA molecule into the main mitochondrial and nuclear genomes of the revertants. Comparative BamHI and EcoRI restriction analysis of the mtDNA from the sterile revertants and fertile parental subline showed that the spontaneous reversion is accompanied by extensive genomic rearrangement. Southern blot analysis with cloned α-subunit of F1-ATPase (atpA) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COX II) genes as probes indicated that the changes in mtDNA accompanying spontaneous reversion to sterility involved these regions. The mitochondrial genomes of the spontaneous revertants and the sterile analogue were shown to be identical.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Dudareva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Siberian Department, 630090, Novosibirsk, USSR
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18
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Saleh NM, Gupta HS, Finch RP, Cocking EC, Mulligan BJ. Stability of mitochondrial DNA in tissue-cultured cells of rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1990; 79:342-346. [PMID: 24226352 DOI: 10.1007/bf01186077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/1989] [Accepted: 10/20/1989] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Restriction analysis of mitochondrial (mt) DNA from 3-month-old callus cultures of the cytoplasmic male sterile rice, V41A, which contains S2 or "wild abortive" cytoplasm, and its fertile maintainer, V41B, showed the same BamHI restriction profiles as mtDNA from the corresponding leaf material. Similarly, mtDNA of rice (var. Taipei 309) from leaves, a 2-month-old cell suspension (T3MS2/A), a totipotent suspension (T3MS) and a 19-month-old suspension, which had lost its protoplast regeneration ability (LB3), showed indistinguishable BamHI restriction profiles. However, clear differences in mtDNA restriction profiles were observed between LB3 and a 30-month-old suspension culture of Taipei 309 (LB1), which appeared to reflect substantial changes in the relative abundance of specific DNA sequences. Hybridisation of a maizecoxII gene probe to blots of restricted mtDNA confirmed that, while the relative abundance of certain mtDNA sequences was preserved during long-term tissue culture of rice, major changes in abundance were observed with other sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Saleh
- Department of Botany, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, University Park, Nottingham, UK
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19
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SAKAMOTO W, KADOWAKI KI, TANO S, YABUNO T. Analysis of mitochondrial DNAs from Oryza glaberrima and its cytoplasmic substituted line for Oryza sativa associated with cytoplasmic male sterility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1266/jjg.65.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru SAKAMOTO
- Laboratory of Radiation Genetics and Chemical Mutagenesis, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Shigemitsu TANO
- Laboratory of Radiation Genetics and Chemical Mutagenesis, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo
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20
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Kyozuka J, Kaneda T, Shimamoto K. Production of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) by Cell Fusion. Nat Biotechnol 1989. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt1189-1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Shikanai T, Yang ZQ, Yamada Y. Nucleotide sequence and molecular characterization of plasmid-like DNAs from mitochondria of cytoplasmic male-sterile rice. Curr Genet 1989; 15:349-54. [PMID: 2791032 DOI: 10.1007/bf00419915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two plasmid-like DNAs, B2 and B3, were isolated from mitochondria of the cytoplasmic male-sterile rice, A-58 CMS. Molecular clones having their complete sequences were constructed and used as probes of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes by Southern hybridization. No evidence was found that integrated copies of either one exist in the main mitochondrial genome, but sequences homologous to both were present in the nuclear genome. The complete nucleotide sequences of B2 and B3 were established and compared to those of rice B1 and B4 and to the 1.9- and the 1.4-kbp plasmid-like DNAs of maize. Many of the sequences were common to both plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shikanai
- Research Center for Cell and Tissue Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
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22
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Saleh NM, Mulligan BJ, Cocking EC, Gupta HS. Small mitochondrial DNA molecules of wild abortive cytoplasm in rice are not necessarily associated with CMS. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1989; 77:617-619. [PMID: 24232791 DOI: 10.1007/bf00261232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/1988] [Accepted: 01/09/1989] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA was isolated from leaf tissue of both the cytoplasmic male sterile line of Indica rice variety V41, which carries wild abortive (WA) cytoplasm, and from the corresponding maintainer line. In addition to the main mitochondrial DNA, four small plasmid-like DNA molecules were detected in both the male sterile and fertile lines. Restriction analysis of total mitochondrial DNA from the male sterile and fertile lines showed DNA fragments unique to each. Our findings suggest that the four small mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules are conserved when WA cytoplasm is transferred into different nuclear backgrounds. However, there is no simple correlation between the presence/ absence of small mitochondrial DNA molecules and the expression of WA cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Saleh
- Plant Genetic Manipulation Group, Department of Botany, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
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23
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Wang B, Cheng W, Li YN, Li DD. Some physicochemical properties of rice mitochondrial DNA. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1989; 77:581-586. [PMID: 24232728 DOI: 10.1007/bf00274284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/1988] [Accepted: 01/04/1989] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Certain physicochemical properties of rice mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were determined. Certain low-molecular-weight mtDNA bands were found in addition to the major mtDNA band. Rice mtDNA appeared in the electron microscope as a collection of linear molecules with heterogeneous length in the range of 1-156 kb. The major distribution area was 60-105 kb. A small fraction (less than 5%) of rice mtDNA was found in the form of a circular molecule. Some molecules had the appearance of being supercoiled. Replication fork structures were found in both circular and linear mtDNA molecules. In one rice species, Jin Nante, 15 different circular molecules were found. Rice mtDNA was digested with different restriction enzymes. The total molecular weight of rice mtDNA was calculated to be about 300 kb according to the data of restriction enzyme digestion and electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wang
- Institute of Genetics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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24
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Halldén C, Lind C, Bryngelsson T. Minicircle variation in Beta mitochondrial DNA. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1989; 77:337-342. [PMID: 24232610 DOI: 10.1007/bf00305825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/1988] [Accepted: 10/21/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNAs from nine male fertile and eight cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) accessions of wild and cultivated Beta beets were investigated for the presence of low molecular weight DNA molecules. Five different supercoiled DNA molecules were detected, varying in size from 1.33 to 1.63 kb. Southern hybridizations revealed multimeric forms and sequence homologies between the minicircles. The occurrence of the different minicircles among the 17 accessions was investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis and Southern hybridization using minicircle specific probes. The 1.33 and 1.63 kb minicircles were found in most accessions, the other three minicircles were found in one or two of the wild Beta beet accessions. The presence of a low number of small, more or less homologous, minicircles in all investigated plants makes these molecules a general characteristic of Beta mtDNA. No association is found between the presence or absence of specific minicircles and the expression of male sterility. Neither does the distribution of the different minicircles in Beta beets indicate any essential biological role of these minicircles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Halldén
- Department of Genetics, Lund University, Sölvegatan 29, S-223 62, Lund, Sweden
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Akagi H, Sakamoto M, Negishi T, Fujimura T. Construction of rice cybrid plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00427049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kadowaki K, Yazaki K, Osumi T, Harada K, Katsuta M, Nakagahra M. Distribution of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNA in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and its relationship with varietal groups. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1988; 76:809-814. [PMID: 24232388 DOI: 10.1007/bf00273665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/1988] [Accepted: 06/27/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial (mt) plasmid-like DNA was found in most of more than 100 rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) by the use of 0.7% agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE). The DNA varied in molecular weight and number. By electron microscopy, small circular DNAs of different sizes could be detected in addition to the DNAs of high molecular weight, even in cultivars in which mt plasmid-like DNA was not detected by AGE. The detection of the mt plasmid-like DNAs by AGE did not depend on their presence or absence, but on their high stoichiometry. The relationship between cytoplasms with mt plasmid-like DNAs and varietal (for example, Indica rice) groups was close. The geographical distribution of cytoplasms is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kadowaki
- National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai, 305, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
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Fairbanks DJ, Smith SE, Brown JK. Inheritance of large mitochondrial RNA's in alfalfa. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1988; 76:619-622. [PMID: 24232285 DOI: 10.1007/bf00260917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/1988] [Accepted: 04/24/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Several large RNA molecules that migrated to electrophoretic positions ranging from 1.7-10 kb were observed in preparation of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) mitochondria. F1 progenies inherited the RNA's from both maternal and paternal parents (Fig. 1). Treatment of intact mitochondria with RNase A failed to remove the RNA's, indicating that they were contained within an RNase impermeable compartment. Further purification of mitochondria in linear sucrose gradients failed to separate the RNA's from mitochondria. Transmission electron microscopic examination of sucrose gradient purified mitochondria revealed that mitochondria were free of contamination by virus-like particles, indicating that the RNA's were contained within the mitochondrion. Biparental inheritance of large mitochondrial RNA's in alfalfa provides evidence that mitochondria are inherited biparentally in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Fairbanks
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA
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