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Neupane S, Alexander L, Baysal-Gurel F. Evaluation of Hydrangea Cultivars for Tolerance Against Root Rot Caused by Fusarium oxysporum. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:3967-3974. [PMID: 37392028 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-22-2712-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. is a newly identified disease in oakleaf hydrangea. Some cultivars such as Pee Wee and Queen of Hearts grown in pot-in-pot container systems showed root rot symptoms after late spring frost in May 2018 with 40 and 60% incidence in the infected nursery, respectively. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the tolerance among different hydrangea cultivars against root rot caused by F. oxysporum. Fifteen hydrangea cultivars from four different species were selected, and rooted cuttings were prepared from new spring flushes. Twelve plants from each cultivar were transplanted in a 1-gallon pot. Half of transplanted plants (six single plants) were inoculated by drenching 150 ml of F. oxysporum conidial suspension to maintain the concentration of 1 × 106 conidia/ml. Half of the plants remain noninoculated (control) and were drenched with sterile water. After 4 months, root rot was assessed using a scale of 0 to 100% root area affected, and recovery of F. oxysporum was recorded by plating 1-cm root sections in Fusarium selective medium. Fusaric acid (FA) and mannitol were extracted from the roots of inoculated and noninoculated plants to see the effect and role on pathogenesis. Further, mannitol concentration was analyzed using absorption wavelength in a spectrophotometer, and FA was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results indicated that no cultivars were resistant to F. oxysporum. Cultivars from Hydrangea arborescens, H. macrophylla, and H. paniculata were more tolerant to F. oxysporum compared to cultivars from H. quercifolia. Among H. quercifolia, cultivars Snowflake, John Wayne, and Alice were more tolerant to F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Neupane
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, McMinnville, TN
| | - Lisa Alexander
- Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, USDA-ARS, U.S. National Arboretum, McMinnville, TN
| | - Fulya Baysal-Gurel
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, McMinnville, TN
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Peng Q, Fang X, Zong X, He Q, Zhu T, Han S, Li S. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis grandis against Arthrinium phaeospermum under protein AP-toxin induction. Gene 2020; 725:144160. [PMID: 31639431 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bambusapervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsisgrandis, a fast-growing and easily propagated bamboo species, has been extensively planted in the southern China, resulting in huge ecological benefits. In recent years, it was found that the pathogenic fungus Arthrinium phaeospermum caused the death of a large amount of bamboo. In this study, the transcriptome of B. pervariabilis × D. grandis, induced by inactivated protein AP-toxin from A. phaeospermum was sequenced and analyzed, to reveal the resistance mechanism induced by biotic agents of B. pervariabilis × D. grandis against A. phaeospermum at the gene level. Transcriptome sequencing was performed by Illumina HiSeq 2000 in order to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of B. pervariabilis × D. grandis in response to different treatment conditions. In total, 201,875,606 clean reads were obtained, and the percentage of Q30 bases in each sample was more than 94.21%. There were 6398 DEGs in the D-J group (inoculation with a pathogenic spore suspension after three days of AP-toxin induction) compared to the S-J group (inoculation with a pathogenic spore suspension after inoculation of sterile water for three days) with 3297 up-regulated and 3101 down-regulated genes. For the D-S group (inoculation with sterile water after inoculation of AP-toxin for three days), there were 2032 DEGs in comparison to the S-S group (inoculation with sterile water only), with 1035 up-regulated genes and 997 down-regulated genes. These identified genes were mainly involved in lignin and phytoprotein synthesis, tetrapyrrole synthesis, redox reactions, photosynthesis, and other processes. The fluorescence quantitative results showed that 22 pairs of primer amplification products were up-regulated and 7 were down-regulated. The rate of similarity between these results and the sequencing results of the transcription group was 100%, which confirmed the authenticity of the transcriptome sequencing results. Redox proteins, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, and S-adenosine-L-methionine synthetase, among others, were highly expressed; these results may indicate the level of disease resistance of the bamboo. These results provide a foundation for the further exploration of resistance genes and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Peng
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xinmei Fang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaozhuo Zong
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qianqian He
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shan Han
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shujiang Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China.
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Dehgahi R, Zakaria L, Mohamad A, Joniyas A, Subramaniam S. Effects of fusaric acid treatment on the protocorm-like bodies of Dendrobium sonia-28. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:1373-1383. [PMID: 26471909 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0895-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium sonia-28 is a popular orchid hybrid due to its flowering recurrence and dense inflorescences. Unfortunately, it is being decimated by fungal diseases, especially those caused by Fusarium proliferatum. In this study, selection of F. proliferatum-tolerant protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) was carried out by assessing the effects of differing concentrations of fusaric acid (FA). PLBs were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.05 to 0.2 millimolar (mM) concentrations of FA. Higher concentrations of FA increased mortality of PLBs and reduced their growth. The survival rate for 0.05 mM FA was 20 % but only 1 % at the highest dose of 0.2 mM. Additionally, two different size ranges of PLBs were investigated, and growth increased more at lower FA concentrations for larger PLBs, whilst the growth rate of smaller PLBs was inhibited at an FA concentration of 0.2 mM. Histological examination using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses disclosed severe cell wall and organelle damage, as well as stomatal closure in PLBs treated with the high FA concentrations. Reductions in plantlet growth were much greater at the highest concentrations of FA. Some randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers clearly discriminated between selected and non-selected variants of Dendrobium sonia-28, showing different banding patterns for each FA concentration and specific bands for selected and control plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Dehgahi
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Latiffah Zakaria
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Mohamad
- Agrotechnology and Bioscience Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, 43000, Bangi, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Alireza Joniyas
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Sreeramanan Subramaniam
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia.
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Tang N, van der Lee T, Shahin A, Holdinga M, Bijman P, Caser M, Visser RGF, van Tuyl JM, Arens P. Genetic mapping of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae in tulip. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2015; 35:122. [PMID: 25983613 PMCID: PMC4422938 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-015-0316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a major problem in the production of tulip bulbs. Breeding for resistant cultivars through a conventional approach is a slow process due to the long life cycle of tulip. Until now, marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been hampered by the large genome size and the absence of a genetic map. This study is aimed at construction of the first genetic map for tulip and at the identification of loci associated with resistance to F. oxysporum. A cross-pollinated population of 125 individuals segregating for Fusarium resistance was obtained from Tulipa gesneriana "Kees Nelis" and T. fosteriana "Cantata." Fusarium resistance of the mapping population was evaluated through a soil infection test in two consecutive years, and a spot inoculation test in which a green fluorescent protein tagged Fusarium strain was used for inoculation. The genetic maps have been constructed for the parents separately. The genetic map of "Kees Nelis" comprised 342 markers on 27 linkage groups covering 1707 cM, while the map of "Cantata" comprised 300 markers on 21 linkage groups covering 1201 cM. Median distance between markers was 3.9 cM for "Kees Nelis" and 3.1 cM for "Cantata." Six putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Fusarium resistance were identified, derived from both parents. QTL2, QTL3, and QTL6 were significant in all disease tests. For the flanking markers of the QTLs, phenotypic means of the two allelic groups, segregating from a parent for such a marker, were significantly different. These markers will be useful for the development of MAS in tulip breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Tang
- />Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Plateau Flower Research Centre, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 Qinghai China
| | - Theo van der Lee
- />Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arwa Shahin
- />Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Department of Horticulture, Agriculture Faculty, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Maarten Holdinga
- />Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Bijman
- />Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Caser
- />Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
| | - Richard G. F. Visser
- />Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap M. van Tuyl
- />Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Arens
- />Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Nasir IA, Riazuddin S. In vitro selection for Fusarium wilt resistance in Gladiolus. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2008; 50:601-12. [PMID: 18713429 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cormels pieces of four Fusarium susceptible Gladiolus cultivars (Friendship, Peter Pears, Victor Borge and Novalux) formed friable calli when cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing various concentrations of auxin and cytokinin. The friable calli established cell suspensions. Plantlet regeneration was obtained from the control callus, control cell suspension derived callus and in vitro selected Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. resistant cell-lines of Friendship. The in vitro cormlets showed 85-95% germination after breaking dormancy of 8 weeks at 4 degrees C. Cell suspensions of all four Gladiolus cultivars were found to be highly sensitive to fusaric acid. Gradual increase in fusaric acid concentrations to the cell-suspension cultures decreased cell growth considerably. One albino plant was found from the second generation of the in vitro selected cell line of Friendship. The albino plant was found to be highly susceptible to F. oxysporum. The cormlets of all in vitro selected cell lines of Friendship were inoculated with a conidial suspension of the F. oxysporum before planting and were also sprayed with the same spore suspension for further characterization when the height of plants was about 6 cm. The four selected cell lines showed the same response whether or not they were inoculated with conidia of the F. oxysporum. Plantlets of all of the selected cell lines exhibited significant growth as compared with the control after application of conidia of the F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrees Ahmad Nasir
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Canal Bank, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan.
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El Hadrami A, El Idrissi-Tourane A, El Hassni M, Daayf F, El Hadrami I. Toxin-based in-vitro selection and its potential application to date palm for resistance to the bayoud Fusarium wilt. C R Biol 2005; 328:732-44. [PMID: 16125651 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2005.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Revised: 05/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is qualified as a 'tree' of great ecological and socio-economical importance in desert oases. Unfortunately, it is being decimated, especially in Morocco and Algeria, by a fusariosis wilt called bayoud and caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Fao). Controlling this disease requires the implementation of an integrated management program. Breeding for resistance is one of the most promising component strategies of this program. Few naturally resistant cultivars with a mediocre fruit quality (dates) are known. Conventional and non-conventional methods are under development and have to use the simplest and easiest methods to screen for resistant individuals. The use of pathogen toxins as selective agents at the tissue culture step might be a source of variability that can lead to the selection of individuals with suitable levels of resistance to the toxin and/or to the pathogen among the genetic material available. Foa produces toxins such as fusaric, succinic, 3-phenyl lactic acids and their derivatives, marasmins and peptidic toxins. These toxins can be used bulked or separately as selective agents. The aim of this contribution was to give a brief overview on toxins and their use as a mean to select resistant lines and to initiate a discussion about the potential use of this approach for the date palm-Foa pathosystem. This review does not pretend to be comprehensive or exhaustive and was prepared mainly to highlight the potential use of Foa toxins for selecting date palm individuals with a suitable resistance level to bayoud using toxin-based selective media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset El Hadrami
- Laboratoire de physiologie végétale, équipe 'Biotechnologies et Physiologie végétales', faculté des sciences Semlalia, université Cadi-Ayyad, BP 2390, 40 001 Marrakech, Morocco.
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9
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Brar DS, Jain SM. Somaclonal Variation: Mechanism and Applications in Crop Improvement. SOMACLONAL VARIATION AND INDUCED MUTATIONS IN CROP IMPROVEMENT 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9125-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Storti E, Latil C, Salti S, Bettini P, Bogani P, Pellegrini MG, Simeti C, Molnar A, Buiatti M. The in vitro physiological phenotype of tomato resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1992; 84:123-128. [PMID: 24203038 DOI: 10.1007/bf00223991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/1991] [Accepted: 10/17/1991] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of dissecting host-parasite interaction processes in the system Lycopersicon aesculentum-Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici we have isolated plant cell mutants having single-step alterations in their defense response. A previous analysis of the physiological phenotypes of mutant cell clones suggested that recognition is the crucial event for active defence, and that polysaccharide content, fungal growth inhibition, peroxidase induction in in vitro dual culture and ion leakage induced by cultural filtrates of the pathogen can be markers of resistance. In this paper we present the results of a similar analysis carried out on cell cultures from one susceptible ('Red River'), one tolerant ('UC 105') and three resistant ('Davis UC 82', 'Heinz', 'UC 90') tomato cultivars. Our data confirm that the differences in the parameters considered are correlated with resistance versus susceptibility in vivo. Therefore, these parameters can be used for early screening in selection programmes. These data, together with those obtained on isolated cell mutants, suggest that the selection in vitro for altered fungal recognition and/or polysaccharide or callose content may lead to in vivo - resistant genotypes. The data are thoroughly discussed with particular attention paid to the importance of polysaccharides in active defense initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Storti
- Department of Animal Biology and Genetics, Via Romana 17, I-50125, Firenze, Italy
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Graniti A. Phytotoxins and their involvement in plant diseases. Introduction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01922453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Luz J, Paterson R, Brayford D. Fusaric acid and other metabolite production in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. Lett Appl Microbiol 1990. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1990.tb00144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bajaj YPS. Somaclonal Variation — Origin, Induction, Cryopreservation, and Implications in Plant Breeding. SOMACLONAL VARIATION IN CROP IMPROVEMENT I 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-02636-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Toyoda H, Shimizu K, Chatani K, Kita N, Matsuda Y, Ouchi S. Selection of bacterial wilt-resistant tomato through tissue culture. PLANT CELL REPORTS 1989; 8:317-320. [PMID: 24233265 DOI: 10.1007/bf00716663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/1989] [Revised: 07/15/1989] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt-resistant plants were obtained using a tomato tissue culture system. A virulent strain ofPseudomonas solanacearum secreted some toxic substances into the culture medium. Leaf explant-derived callus tissues which were resistant to these toxic substances in the culture filtrate were selectedin vitro and regenerated into plants. These plants expressed bacterial wilt resistance at the early infection stage to suppress or delay the growth of the inoculated bacteria. On the other hand, complete resistance was obtained in self-pollinated progeny of regenerants derived from non-selected callus tissues. These plants showed a high resistance when inoculated with this strain, and were also resistant when planted in a field infested with a different strain of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Toyoda
- Department of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi 3327-204, 631, Nara, Japan
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