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Islam M, Wai A, Hausner G, Yuan Q. Effect of lignocellulosic enzymes on the treatment of mature landfill leachate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 233:400-409. [PMID: 30590269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The inherent necessity to remediate refractory contaminants from the toxic problematic wastewater like mature landfill leachate (MLL) has become a global challenge. This study investigated the effect of a potentially sustainable technological approach, i.e. lignocellulosic enzymatic activities (lignin-peroxidase, manganese-peroxidase and laccase), produced from six selected fungi on the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and soluble COD (sCOD) from the MLL. The COD/sCOD removal percentage was significantly increased with higher enzymatic activities. Tyromyces chioneus was revealed to be the first ever fungi that produced significant amount of all three enzymes. Penicillium sp. and Tyromyces chioneus were the most effective strains, which removed 66% and 59% of COD, and 64% and 57% of sCOD, respectively. The maximum lignin-peroxidase, manganese-peroxidase and laccase enzymatic activities were 19.3 and 26.9 U/L by Tyromyces chioneus, and 249.8 U/L by Penicillium sp, respectively. It was concluded that lignocellulosic biomass could be a sustainable and advanced biological treatment option to remove refractory components from MLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofizul Islam
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
| | - Alvan Wai
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Georg Hausner
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Qiuyan Yuan
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada.
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Hausner G, Iranpour M, Kim JJ, Breuil C, Davis C, Gibb E, Reid J, Loewen P, Hopkin A. Fungi vectored by the introduced bark beetle Tomicus piniperda in Ontario, Canada, and comments on the taxonomy of Leptographium lundbergii, Leptographium terebrantis, Leptographium truncatum, and Leptographium wingfieldii. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1139/b05-095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungi isolated from Tomicus piniperda (L.) galleries in infected trap logs, standing trees, and directly from insects were identified using morphological features and molecular data obtained from the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA region. Identified strains represented Leptographium wingfieldii Morelet, Leptographium procerum (Kendr.) Wingf., Leptographium lundbergii Lag. & Melin sensu Jacobs & Wingfield, Ophiostoma ips (Rumb.) Nannf., Ophiostoma minus (Hedg.) H. & P. Syd., and Sphaeropsis sapinea sensu lato. Leptographium wingfieldii is believed to be a potentially pathogenic introduced fungus, but sequence data suggest a possible connection between it and the teleomorph of Ophiostoma aureum (Robinson-Jeffrey & Davids.) T.C. Harrington (reported from British Columbia and the western United States). Our data also show that the ex-type culture of Leptographium terebrantis Barras & Perry, a species very similar morphologically to L. wingfieldii, also grouped with L. wingfieldii. We also identified strains of Leptographium truncatum (Wingf. & Marasas) Wingf.; this species has been synonymized with L. lundbergii, but our data indicate that these are distinct species, and therefore, the name L. truncatum should be reinstated. We also report the extended presence of L. procerum in Ontario. Previously viewed as a “southern” species frequently associated with pine-root decline diseases, it has been infrequently reported from New York state and but once each from Ontario and Quebec.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Hausner
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M. Iranpour
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - J.-J. Kim
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - C. Breuil
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - C.N. Davis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - E.A. Gibb
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - J. Reid
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - P.C. Loewen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A.A. Hopkin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 5M7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 4035-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Hausner G, Reid J. The nuclear small subunit ribosomal genes of Sphaeronaemella helvellae, Sphaeronaemella fimicola, Gabarnaudia betae, and Cornuvesica falcata: phylogenetic implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1139/b04-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sequences were obtained from the nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA genes for representatives of four ophiostomatoid genera (Ceratocystis, Gondwanamyces, Cornuvesica, and Sphaeronaemella) to resolve their phylogenetic position within the Ascomycota. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that these genera are monophyletic and share common ancestry with members of the Microascales. Based on sequence data, strains representing the mitotic species Gabarnaudia betae (Delacr.) Samson & W. Gams were shown clearly to be derived from Sphaeronaemella species. Sequences were also obtained from strains representing the syntype of Sphaeronaemella fragariae, the exholotype of Sphaeronaemella humicola, and the extype of Gabarnaudia tholispora. The results suggest that putative extype cultures for S. humicola and G. tholispora no longer represent the original material deposited. Our data also support the exclusion of S. fragariae from Sphaeronaemella. Key words: Cornuvesica, Gabarnaudia, Gondwanamyces, Sphaeronaemalla fragariae, ophiostomatoid fungi, ribosomal DNA.
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