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Ploskaya-Chaibi M, Voitovich AM, Novitsky RV, Bouhadad R. B-chromosome and V-shaped spot asymmetry in the common frog (Rana temporaria L.) populations. C R Biol 2015; 338:161-8. [PMID: 25601641 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The common frog Rana temporaria is characterised by a large variety of colorations and dorsal patterns manifested by a V-shaped spot, which differs in the form, the number of elements and in the regularity. Some populations of R. temporaria are polymorphic for B-chromosome. V-shaped spot asymmetry and B-chromosome occurrence was studied in seven R. temporaria populations inventoried from Belarus country. The analysis of the dorsal V-shaped spot pattern asymmetry in brown frog populations implies that the persistence of additional chromosomes in populations may be one of the factors disturbing the developmental stability of some individuals. Although, Bs may confer some selective advantage to their carriers, which makes them react differently to environmental changes from do non-carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ploskaya-Chaibi
- Laboratory of biodiversity and environment: interaction, genome, Algiers University (USTHB), BP 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar Algiers, Algeria; Faculty of biological and agronomical sciences, Tizi-Ouzou University (UMMTO), Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria.
| | - Alexander M Voitovich
- State Enterprise "Republican scientific practical centre of hygiene", ul. Akademicheskaya 27, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Ruslan V Novitsky
- Wild-life conservation department, Centre for bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB), ul. Akademicheskaja 27, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Rachid Bouhadad
- Laboratory of biodiversity and environment: interaction, genome, Algiers University (USTHB), BP 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar Algiers, Algeria
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Z and W sex chromosomes in the cane toad (Bufo marinus). Chromosome Res 2009; 17:1015-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-009-9095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Heppich S. Hybridogenesis in Rana esculenta: C-band karyotypes of Rana ridibunda, Rana lessonae and Rana esculenta. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1978.tb00918.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oeldorf E, Nishiokac M, Bachmann K. Nuclear DNA amounts and developmental rate in holarctic anura. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1978.tb00931.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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EBENDAL TED. Karyotype and serum protein pattern in a Swedish population of Rana lessonae (Amphibia, Anura). Hereditas 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1977.tb00952.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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GREEN DAVIDM, BORKIN LEOJ. Evolutionary relationships of Eastern Palearctic Brown Frogs, genus Rana: paraphyly of the 24-chromosome species group and the significance of chromosome number change. Zool J Linn Soc 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1993.tb01256.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Medeiros LR, Rossa-Feres DC, Jim J, Recco-Pimentel SM. B-chromosomes in two Brazilian populations of Dendropsophus nanus (Anura, Hylidae). Genet Mol Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572006000200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge Jim
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
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Bucci S, Ragghianti M, Mancino G, Berger L, Hotz H, Uzzell T. Lampbrush and mitotic chromosomes of the hemiclonally reproducing hybrid Rana esculenta and its parental species. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1990; 255:37-56. [PMID: 2391468 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402550107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitotic chromosomes of the European water frogs Rana ridibunda and Rana lessonae, the parental species of Rana esculenta, differ significantly in their centromeric regions: when C-banded or when made fluorescent, the centromeres of R. ridibunda (and of ridibunda chromosomes in R. esculenta) are visible as a conspicuous dark granule or as a conspicuous fluorescent spot; the centromeres of R. lessonae (and of the lessonae chromosomes in R. esculenta) are inconspicuous or not fluorescent. Lampbrush chromosomes of these three taxa are described in detail for the first time; those of R. ridibunda and R. lessonae differ significantly in morphostructural characters such as conspicuousness of centromeres and number, form, and location of giant loops as well as in chiasma frequency. Chromosomes of the two parental species can thus be distinguished when present in lampbrush complements of hybrids. Reproduction in both sexes of natural R. esculenta lineages is hemiclonal: only the unrecombined genome of one parental species, usually R. ridibunda, is transmitted to haploid gametes (hybridogenesis). In 18 hybrids from natural populations of Poland, somatic tissues had allodiploid complements with chromosomes from each parental species. In contrast, spermatocytes I of five males and oocytes I of seven of eight females (221 of 222 oocytes) were autodiploid and contained only R. ridibunda chromosomes that formed n bivalents. These 12 hybrids thus were hybridogenetic. A single female hybrid had oocytes I (33 of 34) with genomes of both parental species; they showed various disturbances including tetraploidy, reduced number of chiasmata, and incomplete synapsis resulting in univalents. This individual thus was not hybridogenetic. The irregular lampbrush patterns indicate that such hybrids will have severely reduced fertility and most of their successful gametes will result in allotriploid progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bucci
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica, Università di Pisa, Italy
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Karyological and serological studies in Rana lessonae, R. ridibunda and in their hybrid R. ?esculenta? (Amphibia, Anura). Genetica 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00121828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Green DM. Evidence for chromosome number reduction and chromosomal homosequentiality in the 24-chromosome Korean frog Rana dybowskii and related species. Chromosoma 1983; 88:222-6. [PMID: 6628085 DOI: 10.1007/bf00285624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The karyotype of the Korean frog Rana dybowskii with its pattern of C-band heterochromatin distribution was numerically analyzed. There are 2n = 24 chromosomes in the karyotype representing a reduction in number from the typical 2n = 26 chromosome karyotype of Rana. The karyotype shows other evidence of reorganization relative to 26-chromosome species. The chromosomes grade smoothly in size from largest to smallest without the two size classes that are characteristic for 26-chromosome species. In contrast to many 26-chromosome species, there are few centromeric C-bands but many interstitial ones. C-bands for each homologous chromosome pair are distinctive. A prominent secondary constriction is located on one of the smallest chromosomes, chromosome 11, in a position similar to that seen in most 26-chromosome species. The karyotype of R. dybowskii is compared to those of other species of Rana known to have 2n = 24 chromosomes; it is most similar to that of R. chensinensis, less so that of R. ornativentris and less still to that of R. arvalis in terms of the positions of centromeres and secondary constrictions. C-bands as well as secondary constrictions in the karyotypes of these frogs show evidence of chromosomal homosequentiality. The process and possible consequences of chromosome number reduction from an ancestral 26-chromosome karyotype is also evident in the karyotypes of these closely allied palearctic frogs. Pericentric inversions followed by fusion of two small elements apparently produced a new chromosome, chromosome 6, occurring originally among northeast Asian populations.
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Schempp W, Schmid M. Chromosome banding in Amphibia. VI. BrdU-replication patterns in anura and demonstration of XX/XY sex chromosomes in Rana esculenta. Chromosoma 1981; 83:697-710. [PMID: 6975199 DOI: 10.1007/bf00328528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A modified BrdU-Hoechst-Giemsa technique permitted the demonstration of easily reproducible replication patterns in the somatic chromosomes of Amphibia. These banding patterns allow for the first time a precise identification of all chromosomes and the analysis of the patterns of replication in the various stages of S-phase in Amphibia. Several possibilities for the use of this technique were demonstrated on three frog species of the family Ranidae, all differing greatly in their DNA-content. With this method, the homomorphic chromosome pair No. 4 in Rana esculenta could be identified as sex-specific chromosomes of the XX/XY-type. All male animals exhibit an extremely late replicating region in the Y-chromosome, which is lacking in the X-chromosome in the female animals, both X-chromosomes replicate synchronously. These sex-specific chromosomes cannot be distinguished by other banding techniques. In the highly heteromorphic ZZ/ZW-sex chromosome system of Pyxicephalus adspersus a synchronous replication of the two Z-chromosomes of male animals and a very late replication of the short arm of the W-chromosomes of male animals was demonstrated. These results support the assumption that there is no dosage compensation for Z-linked or X-linked genes by the sex chromosome inactivation mechanism in the sex chromosomes of Amphibia.
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Mahony MJ, Robinson ES. Polyploidy in the australian leptodactylid frog genus Neobatrachus. Chromosoma 1980; 81:199-212. [PMID: 7192202 DOI: 10.1007/bf00285949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Karyotypic analysis of six species of the Australian leptodactylid frog genus Neobatrachus showed that N. pictus, N. centralis, N. pelobatoides and N. wilsmorei are diploid (2n = 24) while N. sudelli and N. sutor are tetraploid (4n = 48). Polyploidy has not been reported previously among Australian anurans. Idiograms of the six species indicate that they are similar to the other Australian leptodactylids so far discribed. DNA values of the tetraploids are approximately double the values for diploids. Tetraploid nuclear and cell sizes are greater compared with diploids but total body size shows no increase. At diakinesis in primary spermatocytes of tetraploids, mainly tetravalents together with a few bivalents are present. Silver straining of metaphase spreads clearly demonstrates the location of NORs at the secondary constrictions and their frequent association in the tetraploid N. sutor. Nucleolar number in interphase nuclei provides a reliable guide for distinguishing tetraploid from diploid frogs in the absence of chromosome analysis and can be determined for both living and preserved specimens. The possible origins and relationships of the tetraploid species are discussed.
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Schmid M. Chromosome banding in amphibia. IV. Differentiation of GC- and AT-rich chromosome regions in Anura. Chromosoma 1980; 77:83-103. [PMID: 7371452 DOI: 10.1007/bf00292043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The chromosomes of 26 species of Anura from variously highly envolved groups were analysed with the fluorescent GC-specific antibiotics mithramycin and chromomycin A3 as well as with the AT-specific quinacrine. The mithramycin- and chromomycin A3-stainings generally resulted in a pattern of the constitutive heterochromatin opposite to the one obtained with quinacrine stain. The weaker a heterochromatic region fluoresces with quinacrine, the stronger is the intensity of the fluorescence achieved with mithramycin and chromomycin A3. Some of the telomeric and interstitial heterochromatic regions, however, exhibit no enhanced fluorescence with any of the fluorochromes. The nucleolar constrictions of the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) displayed the brightest mithramycin- and chromomycin A3-fluorescence in the karyotypes and interphase nuclei of all species examined. The contrast of the brightly fluorescing GC-rich heterochromatin and of the NORs is considerably enhanced, when the non-fluorescent AT-specific oligopeptide distamycin A is employed as a counterstain. No banding patterns were observed with the fluorochromes in the euchromatic regions of the metaphase chromosomes; this attributed to the strong spiralization of the anuran chromosomes. A cytochemical classification of the various chromatin types in the anuran chromosomes is discussed on the basis of the differential labelings found on the constitutive heterochromatin by means of the fluorochromes.
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Ebendal T. Distribution, Morphology and Taxonomy of the Swedish Green Frogs (Rana esculenta Complex). ZOOSYST EVOL 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/mmnz.4830550114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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The Karyotypes ofRana lessonae Camerano,Rana ridibunda Pallas and of the Hybrid formRana “esculenta” Linné (Anura). ZOOSYST EVOL 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/mmnz.4830550111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Heppich S, Tunner HG. Chromosomal Constitution And C-Banding in HomotypicRana esculenta Crosses. ZOOSYST EVOL 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/mmnz.4830550110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Werner L. Zur Evolution des Karyotyps bei den Lepidopteren. Die Chromosomenzahlen der Noctuiden. Genetica 1975. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01508313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jones RN. B-chromosome systems in flowering plants and animal species. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1975; 40:1-100. [PMID: 1097353 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yadav JS. Spontaneous occurrence of aneuploidy in somatic cells of Rana tigrina (Ranidae: Anura). EXPERIENTIA 1974; 30:1070-2. [PMID: 4547306 DOI: 10.1007/bf01939016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Morescalchi A, Serra V. DNA renaturation kinetics in some paedogenetic Urodeles. EXPERIENTIA 1974; 30:487-9. [PMID: 4833667 DOI: 10.1007/bf01926308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Stephenson EM, Robinson ES, Stephenson NG. Karyotypic variation within the genus Leiopelma (Amphibia: Anura). CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND CYTOLOGY. JOURNAL CANADIEN DE GENETIQUE ET DE CYTOLOGIE 1972; 14:691-702. [PMID: 4653148 DOI: 10.1139/g72-085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The chromosome complements of four specimens of the anatomically primitive frog Leiopelma hochstetteri are described from cultured cells and squashes. The basic karyotype in all cases consists of 22 chromosomes, 12 of which are acrocentric. Supernumerary chromosomes are either absent or variable in number, but appear to be constant in the somatic cells of any one individual. The limited evidence available suggests that the supernumerary chromosomes do not pair during male meiosis.The karotype of L. archeyi is described for the first time. Only the smallest pair of the total complement of 18 chromosomes is acrocentric. Supernumeraries are absent.The distribution and probable relationships of the species of Leiopelma are discussed. The karyotypes of Leiopelma and the North American ascaphid frog Ascaphus truei are compared, with particular reference to the relationship of the supernumerary chromosomes of Leiopelma and the microchromosomes of Ascaphus.
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Jost E, Mameli M. DNA content in nine species of Nematocera with special reference to the sibling species of the Anopheles maculipennis group and the Culex pipiens group. Chromosoma 1972; 37:201-8. [PMID: 5043260 DOI: 10.1007/bf00284939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Miller L, Brown DD. Variation in the activity of nucleolar organizers and their ribosomal gene content. Chromosoma 1969; 28:430-44. [PMID: 5364411 DOI: 10.1007/bf00284259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Fox DP. The relationship between DNA value and chromosome volume in the coleopteran genus Dermestes. Chromosoma 1969; 27:130-44. [PMID: 5364938 DOI: 10.1007/bf00326140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Morescalchi A. Hypotheses on the phylogeny of the Salientia, based on karyological data. EXPERIENTIA 1968; 24:964-6. [PMID: 5709055 DOI: 10.1007/bf02138686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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