[Varus osteotomy and m. gluteus med. et min. An electromyographic study (author's transl)]

[Muscles of the leg during immobilisation. An electromyographic study (author's transl)]

By means of electromyographic evaluation we investigated the function of the rectus femoris, the vastus medialis, the tibialis anterior and the triceps muscle. The effects of immobilisation in above or below knee PoP were investigated with view to the muscular activity in walking and the effect of the immobilization in isometric exercises. The results are discussed. The vastus medialis can only be activated very poorly in a PoP and is not inervated at all during gait. The functional activity of the triceps is reduced markedly in either above or below knee PoP. In knee movement this muscle starts to be activated only over 90 degrees of flexion. The results suggest that an above knee PoP is sufficient to immobilise defects of the quadriceps and its tendon. Defects of the triceps and its tendon seem not necessarily to request an above knee PoP for immobilization. This case has however the advantage to decrease the danger of unexpected knee movements followed by a reflectoric muscle contraction. Its force could be greater than the stability of the repaired tendon.

[Results of surgical correction of valgus deformity in childhood (author's transl)]

After surgical correction of valgus deformity in childhood by varus-rotations-osteotomy an increased incidence of recurrence of valgus is reported. The present analysis was performed to defind the indication for varus-rotations-osteotomy. 152 cases with operated hip joints were reviewed with regard to the clinical and radiological development. We found out that "postoperative insufficiency of the gluteal muscles = pathological revalgisation" does not induce revalgisation as postulated by other authors. Also discharging limping of the hip joint does not cause revalgisation. Postsurgical insuffiency of adductor muscles is not an obligatory but a potential cause for development of pathological revalgisation. And there is not correlation between the less frequent recurrence of anteversion and the pathological revalgisation, also there could not be found a correlation to lesions of the a trochanteric epiphysis due to the operation, or to the time of metal removing. According to our results the complication rate of recurrence of valgus becomes less frequent by age corresponding alteration of the CCD angle, even when it cannot be prevented.