1
|
Electrostatic Potential Topology for Probing Molecular Structure, Bonding and Reactivity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113289. [PMID: 34072507 PMCID: PMC8198923 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the pioneering investigations of Bader on the topology of molecular electron density, the topology analysis of its sister field viz. molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) was taken up by the authors’ groups. Through these studies, MESP topology emerged as a powerful tool for exploring molecular bonding and reactivity patterns. The MESP topology features are mapped in terms of its critical points (CPs), such as bond critical points (BCPs), while the minima identify electron-rich locations, such as lone pairs and π-bonds. The gradient paths of MESP vividly bring out the atoms-in-molecule picture of neutral molecules and anions. The MESP-based characterization of a molecule in terms of electron-rich and -deficient regions provides a robust prediction about its interaction with other molecules. This leads to a clear picture of molecular aggregation, hydrogen bonding, lone pair–π interactions, π-conjugation, aromaticity and reaction mechanisms. This review summarizes the contributions of the authors’ groups over the last three decades and those of the other active groups towards understanding chemical bonding, molecular recognition, and reactivity through topology analysis of MESP.
Collapse
|
2
|
Ivan G, Jiang YS, Zhang HX. Two topological approaches to resonance energy and the relation between them. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.19890070407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
3
|
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zhang
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona , 85287-1604 , USA
| | - K. Balasubramanian
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona , 85287-1604 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hopf H, Maas G. Darstellung und Eigenschaften, Reaktionen und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von Radialenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19921040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Randić
- National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gao Y, Liu CG, Jiang YS. The Valence Bond Study for Benzenoid Hydrocarbons of Medium to Infinite Sizes. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012057t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Lab of Mesoscopic Materials of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chun-Gen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Lab of Mesoscopic Materials of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Lab of Mesoscopic Materials of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Marković S, Marković Z, Engelbrecht JP, McCrindle RI. Spectral moments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Solution of a kinetic problem. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2002; 42:82-6. [PMID: 11855970 DOI: 10.1021/ci0100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the rate of supercritical fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from coal-tar pitch and some topological invariants are examined. The aim is to explain the appearance of a minimum value on the activation energy/molar mass curve of the PAHs. Rate constants are approximated using spectral moment expansion. It is shown that the size of the PAHs determines more than 95% of the extraction rate. Activation energy for the extraction of the PAHs was found to increase with increasing molar mass. The appearance of a minimum value on the activation energy/molar mass curve is the consequence of experimental difficulties resulting from the tendency of lower members of the PAHs to sublime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Marković
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Technikon Pretoria, P.O. Box 56208, Arcadia 0007, Republic of South Africa.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marković S, Marković Z, McCrindle RI. Spectral moments of phenylenes. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2001; 41:112-9. [PMID: 11206363 DOI: 10.1021/ci000013w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a series of publications Estrada (Estrada, E. J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1996, 36, 844-849; 1997 37, 320-328; 1998, 38, 23-27) employed spectral moments of line graphs in QSPR and QSAR relationship studies of various classes of compounds. A recent paper (Marković, S.; Gutman, I. J. Chem. Inf Comput. Sci. 1999, 39, 289-293) reported that in QSPR and QSAR investigations of benzenoid hydrocarbons based on linear combination of spectral moments, it made no difference whether one used spectral moments of the molecular graph or those of the line graph. In the present work spectral moments of molecular graphs (Mk) and line graphs (muk) of phenylenes are considered. The first few Mk's and muk'S of phenylenes are dependent on identical structural parameters. It is proved that the two sets of moments of phenylenes are linearly dependent. It is also shown that in the case of the heat of formation of phenylenes there is no advantage in using lower spectral moments of line graphs instead of lower spectral moments of molecular graphs. In this way the redundancy observed in the case of benzenoid hydrocarbons is also shown to exist in the class of phenylenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Marković
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Technikon Pretoria, Arcadia, Republic of South Africa.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Marković
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, P.O. Box 60, Yu-34000 Kragujevac, Yugoslavia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suresh CH, Gadre SR. Clar's Aromatic Sextet Theory Revisited via Molecular Electrostatic Potential Topography. J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jo990050q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. H. Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune 411007, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Marković S, Gutman I. Spectral Moments of the Edge Adjacency Matrix in Molecular Graphs. Benzenoid Hydrocarbons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ci980032u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Marković
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, P.O. Box 60, YU-34000 Kragujevac, Yugoslavia
| | - Ivan Gutman
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, P.O. Box 60, YU-34000 Kragujevac, Yugoslavia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Estrada E. Spectral Moments of the Edge Adjacency Matrix in Molecular Graphs. 3. Molecules Containing Cycles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ci970030u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Estrada
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
On topological charge stabilization in heterocyclic compounds. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01170315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
17
|
|
18
|
Stability of small fullerenes C n (n=36,40 and 60): A topological and molecular orbital approach. Theor Chem Acc 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01113841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
19
|
Jiang Y, Qian X, Shao Y. The evaluation of moments for benzenoid hydrocarbons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01113844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Jiang Y, Zhu H, Wang G. Spin-correlation orderings and their applications in benzenoid hydrocarbons. J Mol Struct 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(93)80187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
Hopf H, Maas G. Preparation and Properties, Reactions, and Applications of Radialenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.199209313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
Zhu H, Jiang Y. Clar's structure of benzenoid hydrocarbons and six-electron spin correlation ordering in hexagons. Chem Phys Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(92)85655-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
27
|
|
28
|
Gutman I, Marković S, Stanković Z, Radivojević V, Hall GG. Effect of Bay Regions on the Total π-Electron Energy of Benzenoid Hydrocarbons. Polycycl Aromat Compd 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/10406639208048429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
29
|
Marković S, Gutman I. Dependence of spectral moments of benzenoid hydrocarbons on molecular structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0166-1280(91)85087-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
30
|
Babic D, Graovac A, Gutman I. On a resonance energy model based on expansion in terms of acyclic moments: Exact results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
31
|
Mizoguchi N. Circuit Resonance Energy. On the Roots of Circuit Characteristic Polynomial. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1990. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.63.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
32
|
|
33
|
|