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Homann J, Suo J, Schmidt M, de Bruin N, Scholich K, Geisslinger G, Ferreirós N. In Vivo Availability of Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Oxazolone Induced Dermal Inflammation in the Mouse. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143141. [PMID: 26599340 PMCID: PMC4658101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation and infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are critical key steps in inflammation. PMN-mediated inflammation is limited by anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mechanisms, including specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM). We examined the effects of 15-epi-LXA4 on inflammation and the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotriene B4 and various hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and SPM, in an oxazolone (OXA)-induced hypersensitivity model for dermal inflammation. 15-epi-LXA4 (100 μM, 5 μL subcutaneously injected) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced inflammation in skin, 24 hours after the OXA challenge, as compared to skin treated with vehicle. No significant influence on the biosynthesis of prostaglandins or leukotriene B4 was observed, whereas the level of 15S-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the skin areas treated with 15-epi-LXA4. In spite of the use of a fully validated analytical procedure, no SPM were detected in the biological samples. To investigate the reason for the lack of analytical signal, we tried to mimic the production of SPM (lipoxins, resolvins, maresin and protectin) by injecting them subcutaneously into the skin of mice and studying the in vivo availability and distribution of the compounds. All analytes showed very little lateral distribution in skin tissue and their levels were markedly decreased (> 95%) 2 hours after injection. However, docosahexaenoic acid derivatives were biologically more stable than SPM derived from arachidonic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Homann
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jing Suo
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mike Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group TMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Natasja de Bruin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group TMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Scholich
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group TMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Parham G, Reed M. Linear erythematous cutaneous adverse reaction during intravenous iloprost administration. Intern Med J 2015; 45:1197-8. [PMID: 26563693 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Parham
- Rheumatology Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M Reed
- Rheumatology Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Bürli RW, Xu H, Zou X, Muller K, Golden J, Frohn M, Adlam M, Plant MH, Wong M, McElvain M, Regal K, Viswanadhan VN, Tagari P, Hungate R. Potent hFPRL1 (ALXR) agonists as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:3713-8. [PMID: 16697190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2006] [Revised: 04/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the discovery of potent agonists for the human formyl-peptide-like 1 receptor (hFPRL1). These compounds did not act at a closely related receptor denoted human formyl peptide receptor (hFPR) up to 10 microM concentration. Recent studies have indicated that agonizing this receptor may promote resolution of inflammation. In an exploratory study, a novel hFPRL1 agonist showed efficacy in a mouse ear inflammation model following oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland W Bürli
- Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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Radeke HH, Ludwig RJ, Boehncke WH. Experimental approaches to lymphocyte migration in dermatology in vitro and in vivo. Exp Dermatol 2005; 14:641-66. [PMID: 16098125 DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00350.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocyte trafficking through the dermal compartment is part of the physiological surveillance process of the adaptive immune system. On the other hand, persistent or recurrent lymphocyte infiltrates are hallmarks of both types of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, Th1-type such as psoriasis or Th2/allergic-type like atopic dermatitis. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying lymphocyte movements is one of the key prerequisites for developing more effective therapies. In this review, we introduce a range of simple-to-sophisticated experimental in vitro and in vivo approaches to analyze lymphocyte migration. These methods start from static in vitro adhesion and chemotaxis assays, include dynamic endothelial flow chamber, intravital dual photon, and transcutaneous live-video microscopy, and finally encompass specific genetically deficient or engineered animal models. Discussing pros and cons of these assay systems hopefully generates both state-of-the-art knowledge about the factors involved in most common chronic skin diseases as well as an improved understanding of the limitations and chances of new biologic pharmaceuticals that are currently introduced into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinfried H Radeke
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Dr-Hans-Schleussner-Foundation Immune Pharmacology, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Arend A, Aunapuu M, Masso R, Selstam G. Prostaglandins of the E-series inhibit connective tissue proliferation in the liver wound of the rat. Ann Anat 2005; 187:57-62. [PMID: 15835401 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2004.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to relate wound healing of an internal organ to prostaglandins of the E and F series. A small liver wound was induced by a galvanic cauter via the abdominal route under general anesthesia and prostaglandin E1, E2 and F2alpha were injected twice daily at a dose of 250 microg/kg. Proliferation of the connective tissue in the liver wound was estimated morphometrically 6 days after liver wound infliction. Levels of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha were measured in the liver wound as well as in normal liver tissue from adjacent lobes using radioimmunoassay. The results show that exogenous prostaglandins of the E-series suppress connective tissue proliferation. Three minutes after the last prostaglandin E2 injection, high prostaglandin concentrations were measured both in the liver wound and in the liver tissue of the adjacent lobe. Prostaglandin F2alpha injections had no effect on wound healing. We believe that the rat thermic liver wound model can be used for different studies on wound healing mechanisms and that prostaglandins of the E-series are involved in wound healing in the specific time period studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arend
- Department of Anatomy, University of Tartu, Biomedicum, Ravila 19, 51014 Tartu, Estonia.
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Schottelius AJ, Giesen C, Asadullah K, Fierro IM, Colgan SP, Bauman J, Guilford W, Perez HD, Parkinson JF. An aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 stable analog displays a unique topical anti-inflammatory profile. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 169:7063-70. [PMID: 12471142 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.12.7063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxins and 15-epi-lipoxins are counter-regulatory lipid mediators that modulate leukocyte trafficking and promote the resolution of inflammation. To assess the potential of lipoxins as novel anti-inflammatory agents, a stable 15-epi-lipoxin A(4) analog, 15-epi-16-p-fluorophenoxy-lipoxin A(4) methyl ester (ATLa), was synthesized by total organic synthesis and examined for efficacy relative to a potent leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) receptor antagonist (LTB(4)R-Ant) and the clinically used topical glucocorticoid methylprednisolone aceponate. In vitro, ATLa was 100-fold more potent than LTB(4)R-Ant for inhibiting neutrophil chemotaxis and trans-epithelial cell migration induced by fMLP, but was approximately 10-fold less potent than the LTB(4)R-Ant in blocking responses to LTB(4). A broad panel of cutaneous inflammation models that display pathological aspects of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and allergic contact dermatitis was used to directly compare the topical efficacy of ATLa with that of LTB(4)R-Ant and methylprednisolone aceponate. ATLa was efficacious in all models tested: LTB(4)/Iloprost-, calcium ionophore-, croton oil-, and mezerein-induced inflammation and trimellitic anhydride-induced allergic delayed-type hypersensitivity. ATLa was efficacious in mouse and guinea pig skin inflammation models, exhibiting dose-dependent effects on edema, neutrophil or eosinophil infiltration, and epidermal hyperproliferation. We conclude that the LXA(4) and aspirin-triggered LXA(4) pathways play key anti-inflammatory roles in vivo. Moreover, these results suggest that ATLa and related LXA(4) analogs may have broad therapeutic potential in inflammatory disorders and could provide an alternative to corticosteroids in certain clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arndt J Schottelius
- Research Business Area Dermatology, Research Laboratories, Schering AG, Berlin, Germany
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Serhan CN, Takano T, Maddox JF. Aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A4 and stable analogs on lipoxin A4 are potent inhibitors of acute inflammation. Receptors and pathways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1999; 447:133-49. [PMID: 10086190 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4861-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C N Serhan
- Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Serhan CN, Takano T, Gronert K, Chiang N, Clish CB. Lipoxin and aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin cellular interactions anti-inflammatory lipid mediators. Clin Chem Lab Med 1999; 37:299-309. [PMID: 10353476 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.1999.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are known to play important roles in inflammation. Recent findings have given rise to several new concepts regulating the generation of eicosanoids, illustrated in Figure 1. Lipoxins (LX) are trihydroxytetraene-containing eicosanoids that are generated within vascular lumen by platelet-leukocyte interactions and at mucosal surfaces by leukocyte-epithelial cell interactions. During these cell-cell interactions, transcellular biosynthetic pathways are used as major routes, and thus, in humans, LX are formed in vivo during multicellular responses such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. This branch of the eicosanoid cascade generates specific tetraene-containing products that appear to function as stop signals, since they inhibit key steps in leukocyte-mediated inflammation. Of special interest, it appears that aspirin also functions in part via production of novel epimers of lipoxins or 15-epi-lipoxins (Figure 1). Here, we review recent developments on the cellular interactions of these novel anti-inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Takano T, Fiore S, Maddox JF, Brady HR, Petasis NA, Serhan CN. Aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and LXA4 stable analogues are potent inhibitors of acute inflammation: evidence for anti-inflammatory receptors. J Exp Med 1997; 185:1693-704. [PMID: 9151906 PMCID: PMC2196289 DOI: 10.1084/jem.185.9.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/1997] [Revised: 02/27/1997] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoxins are bioactive eicosanoids that are immunomodulators. In human myeloid cells, lipoxin (LX) A4 actions are mediated by interaction with a G protein-coupled receptor. To explore functions of LXA4 and aspirin-triggered 5(S),6(R),15(R)-trihydroxy-7,9,13-trans-11-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-epi-LXA4) in vivo, we cloned and characterized a mouse LXA4 receptor (LXA4R). When expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, the mouse LXA4R showed specific binding to [3H]LXA4 (K(d) approximately 1.5 nM), and with LXA4 activated GTP hydrolysis. Mouse LXA4R mRNA was most abundant in neutrophils. In addition to LXA4 and 15-epi-LXA4, bioactive LX stable analogues competed with both [3H]LXA4 and [3H]leukotriene D4 (LTD4)-specific binding in vitro to neutrophils and endothelial cells, respectively. Topical application of LXA4 analogues and novel aspirin-triggered 15-epi-LXA4 stable analogues to mouse ears markedly inhibited neutrophil infiltration in vivo as assessed by both light microscopy and reduced myeloperoxidase activity in skin biopsies. The 15(R)-16-phenoxy-17,18, 19,20-tetranor-LXA4 methyl ester (15-epi-16-phenoxy-LXA4), an analogue of aspirin triggered 15-epi-LXA4, and 15(S)-16-phenoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranor-LXA4 methyl ester (16-phenoxy-LXA4) were each as potent as equimolar applications of the anti-inflammatory, dexamethasone. Thus, we identified murine LXA4R, which is highly expressed on murine neutrophils, and showed that both LXA4 and 15-epi-LXA4 stable analogues inhibit neutrophil infiltration in the mouse ear model of inflammation. These findings provide direct in vivo evidence for an anti-inflammatory action for both aspirin-triggered LXA4 and LXA4 stable analogues and their site of action in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takano
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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