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Salla CAM, Farias G, Rouzières M, Dechambenoit P, Durola F, Bock H, de Souza B, Bechtold IH. Persistent Solid-State Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence at Room Temperature by a Twisted Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6982-6986. [PMID: 30908833 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The dehydrating cyclotrimerization of 1-tetralone in the presence of titanium tetrachloride at high temperatures leads to homotruxene, a nonplanar arene in which the twist angles between its three outer benzene rings and the central benzene are stabilized by ethylene bridges. This non-planar configuration allows for pronounced spin-orbit coupling and a high triplet energy, leading to room-temperature phosphorescence in air with a lifetime of 0.38 s and a quantum yield of 5.6 %, clearly visible to the human eye after switching off the excitation. Triplet-triplet annihilation is found to simultaneously lead to a substantial delayed fluorescence, unprecedented from a pure hydrocarbon at ambient conditions, with a lifetime of 0.11 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A M Salla
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Giliandro Farias
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mathieu Rouzières
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, 115, av. Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Dechambenoit
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, 115, av. Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Fabien Durola
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, 115, av. Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Harald Bock
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS & Université de Bordeaux, 115, av. Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Bernardo de Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ivan H Bechtold
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Salla CAM, Farias G, Rouzières M, Dechambenoit P, Durola F, Bock H, de Souza B, Bechtold IH. Persistent Solid‐State Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence at Room Temperature by a Twisted Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A. M. Salla
- Departamento de FísicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040-900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Giliandro Farias
- Departamento de QuímicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040-900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Mathieu Rouzières
- Centre de Recherche Paul PascalCNRS & Université de Bordeaux 115, av. Schweitzer 33600 Pessac France
| | - Pierre Dechambenoit
- Centre de Recherche Paul PascalCNRS & Université de Bordeaux 115, av. Schweitzer 33600 Pessac France
| | - Fabien Durola
- Centre de Recherche Paul PascalCNRS & Université de Bordeaux 115, av. Schweitzer 33600 Pessac France
| | - Harald Bock
- Centre de Recherche Paul PascalCNRS & Université de Bordeaux 115, av. Schweitzer 33600 Pessac France
| | - Bernardo de Souza
- Departamento de QuímicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040-900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Ivan H. Bechtold
- Departamento de FísicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040-900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Calif, 93106
| | - Henry W. Offen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Calif, 93106
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Zander M. Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Molecules in the UV Spectrum of Comet P/Halley. Polycycl Aromat Compd 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/10406639408015151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zander M. Phosphoreszenzspektroskopie als analytische Methode für aromatische und heterocyclische Verbindungen. CHEM-ING-TECH 1965. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.330371005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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