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Shi H, Huang C, Liu X, Okubo M. Role of Osmotic Pressure for the Formation of Sub-micrometer-Sized, Hollow Polystyrene Particles by Heat Treatment in Aqueous Dispersed Systems †. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:12150-12157. [PMID: 31448619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In a previous article, it was reported that a rather amount of sulfate end-groups as initiator fragment were buried in the inside of polystyrene (PS) particles, which were synthesized by emulsion polymerization with potassium persulfate initiator and nonionic emulsifier and operated to absorb water from the aqueous medium, resulting in hollow particles, when the PS emulsion was treated at higher temperature than the glass transition temperature of PS. In this article, it was clarified that the water absorption is based on the osmotic pressure between the outside (aqueous medium) and inside of the PS particles due to the buried sulfate end-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chujuan Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , 5 Xinmofan Road , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | | | - Masayoshi Okubo
- Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University, Nada , Kobe 657-8501 , Japan
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2
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Hu X, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Liu R, Sun L, Parkin IP, Zhang X. One-step synthesis of Ag@PS nanospheres via flash nanoprecipitation. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiang Hu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials; Henan University; Kaifeng 475004 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute for Advanced Study; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials; Henan University; Kaifeng 475004 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute for Advanced Study; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Yao Lu
- Nanoengineered Systems Laboratory, UCL Mechanical Engineering; University College London; London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Rui Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute for Advanced Study; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Lei Sun
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials; Henan University; Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Nanoengineered Systems Laboratory, UCL Mechanical Engineering; University College London; London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Xia Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials; Henan University; Kaifeng 475004 China
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3
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Hu Y, Wang L, Shen J, Jiang G, Kan C. Preparation and characterization of porous cationic poly[styrene-co
-(N
,N
′-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)] nanoparticles and their adsorption of heavy metal ions in water. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing PR China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing PR China
| | - Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing PR China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing PR China
| | - Chengyou Kan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing PR China
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4
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Effects of shell composition, dosage and alkali type on the morphology of polymer hollow microspheres. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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5
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Innovative one-step synthesis of hollow polymer particles by microsuspension polymerization of styrene and methyl acrylate with Mg(OH)2 as dispersant. Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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7
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Tian Q, Yu D, Zhu K, Hu G, Zhang L, Liu Y. Multi-hollow polymer microspheres with enclosed surfaces and compartmentalized voids prepared by seeded swelling polymerization method. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 473:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Abdolbaghi S, Namjoo A, Saadat Y, Hosseinzadeh S. Fabrication of cage-like particles via unstable seeded dispersion polymerization: A new concept in the polymerization-induced self-assembly. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2016.1121061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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9
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Zha T, Song L, Chen P, Nie W, Zhou Y. Nonsolvent/solvent-induced phase separation to multi-porous sulfonated polystyrene/chitosan/silver particles and their application in adsorbing chromium ion(III) and reduction of methylene blue. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Huang X, Li L, Xu M, Xu J, Jiang Y, Kan C. Self film-forming and opaque hollow latexes fabricated via seeded emulsion polymerization followed by alkali post-treatment. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxiao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyou Kan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
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11
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Namjoo A, Abdolbaghi S, Saadat Y, Hosseinzadeh S. Fabrication of unique cage-like polystyrene particles having lots of dents on the surface via unstable seeded dispersion polymerization. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Facile fabrication of multihollow polymer microspheres via novel two-step assembly of P(St-co-nBA-co-AA) particles. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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13
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Fabrication and morphology control of hollow polymer particles by altering core particle size. Colloid Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Weng H, Huang X, Wang M, Ji X, Ge X. Formation of cagelike sulfonated polystyrene microspheres via swelling-osmosis process and loading of CdS nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:15367-15374. [PMID: 24266616 DOI: 10.1021/la403045c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we studied the formation mechanism of cagelike polymer microspheres fabricated conveniently and efficiently through a swelling-osmosis process of sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) microspheres in a ternary mixed solvent (water/ethanol/heptane). The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations indicated that the morphology of the final cagelike SPS microspheres is mainly controlled by the composition of the mixed solvent and the swelling temperature. Considering the solubility parameters of related reagents and the low interface tension of heptane and the aqueous solution of ethanol (only 6.9 mN/m), we confirm that the porogen procedure starts from the swelling of SPS microspheres by heptane, followed by the osmosis process of water molecules into the swollen SPS microspheres forced by the strong hydrophilicity of -SO3H group. The water molecules permeated into SPS microspheres will aggregate into water pools, which form the pores after the microspheres are dried. These prepared cagelike SPS microspheres are further served as the scaffold for the in situ generated CdS nanoparticles under γ-ray radiation. The CdS/SPS composite microspheres show good fluorescence performance. This work shows that the cagelike SPS microspheres have a wide industrial application prospect due to their economical and efficient preparation and loading nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqin Weng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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15
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Li Z, Zhu L, Liu Q, Du Y, Wang F. A facile approach to synthesize SiO2 · Re2O3 (Re = Y, Eu, La, Sm, Tb, Pr) hollow sphere and its application in drug release. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:435. [PMID: 24144278 PMCID: PMC3819671 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional SiO2 · Re2O3 (Re = Y, Eu, La, Sm, Tb, Pr) hollow spheres (HSs) have been fabricated using an acidic Re3+ ion solution. Under ultraviolet radiation, functional HSs emit different colors of light according to the different rare-earth ions embedded into the shell of SiO2 hollow spheres. The as-prepared hollow capsules were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectrometry. Drug loading and release experiments have been carried out using SiO2 · Eu2O3 HSs that acted as drug carriers. The results demonstrate that the multifunctional HSs exhibit a high storage capacity and the ability of retaining drug stability and activity, which indicates that the as-synthesized fluorescent hollow capsules are a potential candidate as drug delivery materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Rizhao Polytechnic, Rizhao 276826, China
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16
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Deng W, Ji W, Jiang Y, Kan C. Influence of unsaturated acid monomer on the morphology of latex particles in the preparation of hollow latex via the alkali post-treatment. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Wan Q, Li Y, Todd C, Harris J, Nicholson D, Chaput B. Preparation of raspberry-shaped styrene-butadiene-methyl acrylate-acrylic acid latex particles by emulsion polymerization followed by alkali/heating method. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Deng W, Li R, Zhang M, Gong L, Kan C. Influences of MAA on the porous morphology of P(St–MAA) latex particles produced by batch soap-free emulsion polymerization followed by stepwise alkali/acid post-treatment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 349:122-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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20
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Suzuki T, Yanagisawa M, Okubo M. A Novel Estimation Method of the Distribution of Carboxyl Groups Within Copolymer Particles Using Isothermal Titration Calorimeter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200950718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Kobayashi H, Suzuki T, Moritaka M, Miyanaga E, Okubo M. Preparation of multihollow polystyrene particles by seeded emulsion polymerization using seed particles with incorporated nonionic emulsifier: effect of temperature. Colloid Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-008-1983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Zetterlund PB, Kagawa Y, Okubo M. Controlled/living radical polymerization in dispersed systems. Chem Rev 2008; 108:3747-94. [PMID: 18729519 DOI: 10.1021/cr800242x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Per B Zetterlund
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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23
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Incorporation of disodium alkyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate inside styrene droplets: mechanism and its application for preparation of multihollow polymer spheres. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 322:231-6. [PMID: 18359492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Emulsion polymerization of styrene was carried out using two kinds of alkyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinates as surfactant: disodium cetyl polyoxyethylene (25) ether sulfosuccinate (CPS) and octyl-phenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether sulfosuccinate (OPS). In experiments, the incorporation of CPS or OPS inside styrene droplets and polystyrene particles was clearly observed. Based on this phenomenon, multihollow polymer spheres are prepared in a one-step reaction and this strongly supports the proposed incorporation mechanism. CPS is more effective than OPS during the preparation of multiporous spheres. This difference between the two surfactants mainly contributes to the difference of the length of the EO (polyoxyethylene) group, which can determine the affinity among surfactant, styrene, and water molecules.
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24
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Influence of hydrophilic–lipophilic balance of nonionic emulsifiers on emulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid. Colloid Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-007-1770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Kobayashi H, Miyanaga E, Okubo M. Preparation of multihollow polymer particles by seeded emulsion polymerization using seed particles with incorporated nonionic emulsifier. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:8703-8. [PMID: 17625900 DOI: 10.1021/la7010748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Emulsion polymerizations of styrene using poly(oxyethylene) nonylphenyl ether nonionic emulsifier were carried out at different emulsifier and initiator (potassium persulfate, KPS) concentrations to prepare polystyrene (PS) seed particles with incorporated nonionic emulsifier. Seeded emulsion polymerizations of styrene using the PS seed particles with different amounts of incorporated emulsifier were carried out to develop a novel method for the preparation of multihollow particles. When seed particles with a small amount of incorporated emulsifier were used, non-hollow spherical particles were prepared. However, multihollow particles were obtained in the case of seed particles with a large amount of incorporated emulsifier. Moreover, the higher the initiator concentration in the preparation of seed particles, the more effectively were hollow particles prepared. On the basis of the above results, a mechanism for the formation of multihollow structure was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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26
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Okubo M, Kobayashi H, Matoba T, Oshima Y. Incorporation of nonionic emulsifiers inside particles in emulsion polymerization: mechanism and methods of suppression. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:8727-31. [PMID: 17014110 DOI: 10.1021/la061429s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Emulsion polymerizations of styrene were carried out using two kinds of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether nonionic emulsifiers having different hydrophilic-lipophilic balances (HLB): Emulgen 109P (HLB 13.6); and Emulgen 150 (HLB 18.3). In both cases, incorporation of emulsifier inside polystyrene (PS) particles was clearly observed, as previously reported for the emulsion polymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid using polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (Emulgen 911, HLB 13.7) nonionic emulsifier. The generality of the incorporation phenomenon of nonionic emulsifier inside polymer particles in emulsion polymerization was clarified. In the case of Emulgen 109P, which is more hydrophobic than Emulgen 150, about 30% of the total amount was incorporated inside the PS particles, higher than for Emulgen 150 (15%). The difference seemed to be ascribed to the difference in the affinities between the nonionic emulsifiers and styrene, which cause the incorporation of emulsifier. On the basis of this idea, suppression of the incorporation was achieved by decreasing the polymerization temperature and the monomer-feed rate. This strongly supports the proposed incorporation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Okubo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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27
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Okubo M, Inoue M, Suzuki T, Kouda M. Effect of hydrophilicity of polymer particles on their glass transition temperatures in the emulsion state. Colloid Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-003-1038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Okubo M, Minami H, Komura T. Preparation of micrometer-sized, monodisperse, magnetic polymer particles. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.11720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Pavlyuchenko VN, Sorochinskaya OV, Ivanchev SS, Klubin VV, Kreichman GS, Budtov VP, Skrifvars M, Halme E, Koskinen J. Hollow-particle latexes: Preparation and properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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31
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Effect of molecular weight on the production of multi-hollow polymer particles by the alkali/cooling method. Colloid Polym Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/s003960050055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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