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Chae Y, Kim D, An YJ. Effect of fluoride on the cell viability, cell organelle potential, and photosynthetic capacity of freshwater and soil algae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:359-367. [PMID: 27814553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although fluoride occurs naturally in the environment, excessive amounts of fluoride in freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems can be harmful. We evaluated the toxicity of fluoride compounds on the growth, viability, and photosynthetic capacity of freshwater (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) and terrestrial (Chlorococcum infusionum) algae. To measure algal growth inhibition, a flow cytometric method was adopted (i.e., cell size, granularity, and auto-fluorescence measurements), and algal yield was calculated to assess cell viability. Rhodamine123 and fluorescein diacetate were used to evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMA, ΔΨm) and cell permeability. Nine parameters related to the photosynthetic capacity of algae were also evaluated. The results indicated that high concentrations of fluoride compounds affected cell viability, cell organelle potential, and photosynthetic functions. The cell viability measurements of the three algal species decreased, but apoptosis was only observed in C. infusionum. The MMA (ΔΨm) of cells exposed to fluoride varied among species, and the cell permeability of the three species generally decreased. The decrease in the photosynthetic activity of algae may be attributable to the combination of fluoride ions (F-) with magnesium ions (Mg2+) in chlorophyll. Our results therefore provide strong evidence for the potential risks of fluoride compounds to microflora and microfauna in freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yooeun Chae
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyung Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Sancey B, Charles J, Trunfio G, Badot PM, Jacquot M, Hutinet X, Gavoille S, Crini G. Effect of Additional Sorption Treatment by Cross-Linked Starch of Wastewater from a Surface Finishing Plant. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1010492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Sancey
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Jérémie Charles
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Giuseppe Trunfio
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Badot
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Marion Jacquot
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Xavier Hutinet
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Sophie Gavoille
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Grégorio Crini
- Université de Franche-Comté, Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249 UFC/CNRS usc INRA, Place Leclerc 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Silac, Route de Combeaufontaine, Zone Industrielle, 70600 Champlitte, France, and Agence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Besançon 25000, France
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Perreault F, Dewez D, Fortin C, Juneau P, Diallo A, Popovic R. Effect of aluminum on cellular division and photosynthetic electron transport in Euglena gracilis and Chlamydomonas acidophila. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2010; 29:887-892. [PMID: 20821518 DOI: 10.1002/etc.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated aluminum's effect on cellular division and the photosynthetic processes in Euglena gracilis and Chlamydomonas acidophila at pH 3.0, at which Al is present mostly as Al(3+), AlSO(4) (+), and Al(SO(4))(2) (-). These algal species were exposed to 100, 188, and 740 microM Al, and after 24 h cell-bound Al was significantly different from control only for the highest concentration tested. However, very different effects of Al on algal cellular division, biomass per cell, and photosynthetic activity were found. Aluminum stimulated cell division but decreased at some level biomass per cell in C. acidophila. Primary photochemistry of photosynthesis, as Photosystem II quantum yield, and energy dissipation via nonphotochemical activity were slightly affected. However, for E. gracilis, under the same conditions, Al did not show a stimulating effect on cellular division or photosynthetic activity. Primary photochemical activity was diminished, and energy dissipation via nonphotochemical pathways was strongly increased. Therefore, when Al is highly available in aquatic ecosystems, these effects may indicate very different response mechanisms that are dependent on algal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Perreault
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8 Canada
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Källström H, Hansson-Palo P, Jonsson AB. Cholera toxin and extracellular Ca2+ induce adherence of non-piliated Neisseria: evidence for an important role of G-proteins and Rho in the bacteria-cell interaction. Cell Microbiol 2000; 2:341-51. [PMID: 11207590 DOI: 10.1046/j.1462-5822.2000.00063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we characterize the interaction between non-piliated (P-) Neisseria gonorrhoeae and human epithelial cells. P- mutants lacking the pilus subunit protein PilE attach at low levels to cells. Although the binding may not lead to heavy inflammatory responses, the interaction between P- Neisseria and host cells most probably play a role in colonization and asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen. Here we show that the adherence of P N. gonorrhoeae is blocked by GDP-beta-S [guanosine 5'-O(thio)diphosphate], a non-hydrolyzable GTP analogue, and by C3 exotoxin, an inhibitor of the small G-protein Rho. G-protein activators such as cholera toxin, that activates Gs, and fluoroaluminate, a general G-protein activator, induced bacterial adherence. Furthermore, increase of the extracellular free [Ca2+] dramatically enhanced adherence of non-piliated Neisseria. The pharynx and the urogenital tract are natural entry sites of the pathogenic Neisseria species, and at both sites the epithelial cells can be exposed to wide variations in Ca2+ concentration. Taken together, these data show the importance of extracellular Ca2+ in the pathogenic Neisseria-host interaction, and reveal a novel function of cholera toxin, namely induction of bacterial adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Källström
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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