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Synergism between Enantiomers Creates Species-Specific Pheromone Blends and Minimizes Cross-Attraction for Two Species of Cerambycid Beetles. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:1181-1192. [PMID: 27771798 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0782-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Research over the last decade has revealed extensive parsimony among pheromones within the large insect family Cerambycidae, with males of many species producing the same, or very similar aggregation pheromones. Among some species in the subfamily Cerambycinae, interspecific attraction is minimized by temporal segregation, and/or by minor pheromone components that synergize attraction of conspecifics or inhibit attraction of heterospecifics. Less is known about pheromone-based mechanisms of reproductive isolation among species in the largest subfamily, the Lamiinae. Here, we present evidence that the pheromone systems of two sympatric lamiine species consist of synergistic blends of enantiomers of (E)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-ol (fuscumol) and the structurally related (E)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-yl acetate (fuscumol acetate), as a mechanism by which species-specific blends of pheromone components can minimize interspecific attraction. Male Astylidius parvus (LeConte) were found to produce (R)- and (S)-fuscumol + (R)-fuscumol acetate + geranylacetone, whereas males of Lepturges angulatus (LeConte) produced (R)- and (S)-fuscumol acetate + geranylacetone. Field experiments confirmed that adult beetles were attracted only by their species-specific blend of the enantiomers of fuscumol and fuscumol acetate, respectively, and not to the individual enantiomers. Because other lamiine species are known to produce single enantiomers or blends of enantiomers of fuscumol and/or fuscumol acetate, synergism between enantiomers, or inhibition by enantiomers, may be a widespread mechanism for forming species-specific pheromone blends in this subfamily.
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2
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Hanks LM, Millar JG. Sex and Aggregation-Sex Pheromones of Cerambycid Beetles: Basic Science and Practical Applications. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:631-54. [PMID: 27501814 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Research since 2004 has shown that the use of volatile attractants and pheromones is widespread in the large beetle family Cerambycidae, with pheromones now identified from more than 100 species, and likely pheromones for many more. The pheromones identified to date from species in the subfamilies Cerambycinae, Spondylidinae, and Lamiinae are all male-produced aggregation-sex pheromones that attract both sexes, whereas all known examples for species in the subfamilies Prioninae and Lepturinae are female-produced sex pheromones that attract only males. Here, we summarize the chemistry of the known pheromones, and the optimal methods for their collection, analysis, and synthesis. Attraction of cerambycids to host plant volatiles, interactions between their pheromones and host plant volatiles, and the implications of pheromone chemistry for invasion biology are discussed. We also describe optimized traps, lures, and operational parameters for practical applications of the pheromones in detection, sampling, and management of cerambycids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence M Hanks
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Jocelyn G Millar
- Departments of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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3
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Cao LH, Shi F, Zhang WM, Zang SQ, Mak TCW. Selective Sensing of Fe3+and Al3+Ions and Detection of 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol by a Water-Stable Terbium-Based Metal-Organic Framework. Chemistry 2015; 21:15705-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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4
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Oehlschlager AC, King GG, Pierce HD, Pierce AM, Slessor KN, Millar JG, Borden JH. Chirality of macrolide pheromones of grain beetles in the generaOryzaephilusandCryptolestes and its implications for species specificity. J Chem Ecol 2013; 13:1543-54. [PMID: 24302251 DOI: 10.1007/bf01012296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/1986] [Accepted: 09/22/1986] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The chiralities of macrolide lactone aggregation pheromones of five species of economically important grain beetles have been determined by capillary gas chromatographic separation of the diastereomeric (S)-O-acetyllactate derivatives of the hydroxy methyl esters derived from boron trifluoride-catalyzed cleavage of the macrolides in methanol. Chirally pure (Z)-3-dodecen-11-olide (I) is produced in theS configuration byCryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and in theR configuration byOryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel). (Z,Z)-3,6-Dodecadien-11-olide (II) is produced in theR configuration by bothO. mercator andO. surinamensis (L.). (Z,Z)-5,8-Tetradecadien-13-olide (IV) is produced in theR configuration byO. surinamensis and as a 85∶15 mixture ofR andS isomers byC. turcicus. (Z)-5-Tetradecen-13-olide (V) is produced in the S configuration byC. pusillus (Schönherr) and as a 33∶67 mixture of theR andS isomers byC. turcicus (Grouvelle). The results indicate that in these cucujids, species specificity in pheromone response is maintained at least in part by pheromone chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Oehlschlager
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, V5A 1S6, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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5
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Determination of chirality in 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-heptanone, the aggregation pheromone ofSitophilus oryzae (L.) andS. zeamais Motschulsky. J Chem Ecol 2013; 13:2159-69. [PMID: 24301654 DOI: 10.1007/bf01012564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/1986] [Accepted: 12/31/1986] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of the pheromone of the rice weevil,Sitophilus oryzae (L.), and the maize weevil,S. zeamais (Motschulsky), 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-heptanone, was determined using an acetyl lactate derivatization procedure. Maize weevils were shown to produce >98% 4S,5R. Determination was more difficult with rice weevils due to a smaller quantity of insect extract, but they were shown to produce at least 92% 4S, 5R.The attractancy of the four synthetic stereoisomers of 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-heptanone was tested using rice and maize weevils. As expected, both species were most strongly attracted to the 4S, 5R enantiomer. Maize weevils also showed low but significant responses (P < 0.05) to both 4R, 5R and 4S,5S. Rice weevils showed a highly significant (P < 0.01) response to 4R, 5S, although it was only about one third the response to 4S, 5R. Thus, (4S,5R)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-heptanone is clearly the major component of the pheromone of bothS. zeamais andS. oryzae.
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6
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Hunt DW, Borden JH. Response of mountain pine beetle,Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, and pine engraver,Ips pint (SAY), to ipsdienol in southwestern British Columbia. J Chem Ecol 2013; 14:277-93. [PMID: 24277010 DOI: 10.1007/bf01022547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/1986] [Accepted: 01/28/1987] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In bioassays conducted with walking beetles in the laboratory (S)-(+)-, (R)-(-)-, and (±)-ipsdienol were attractive alone, but reduced the attraction of both sexes of the mountain pine beetle,Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, to extracts of female frass. Field trapping studies indicated that attraction ofD. ponderosae to a stimulus composed of myrcene +trans-verbenol +exo-brevicomin was significantly reduced with the addition of (±)- and sometimes (S)-(±)-ipsdienol. Thus, (S)-(+)-ipsdienol produced by males of this species may act as an antiaggregation pheromone. (S)-(+)-Ips-dienol is thought to function as a repellent allomone against the pine engraver,Ips pini (Say), in regions whereI. pini utilizes (R)-(-)-ipsdienol as an aggregation pheromone. However, in southwestern British ColumbiaI. pini was attracted to the (±)-ipsdienol used in field bioassays ofD. ponderosae, a finding consistent with the production of both enantiomers byI. pini in this region. When presented with the ternary semiochemical bait forD. ponderosae, (±)-ipsdienol was not attractive toI. pini. Thus, the activity of (S)-(+)-ipsdienol as a repellent allomone againstI. pini seems to be replaced in southwestern British Columbia by the inhibitory effects of myrcene,trans-verbenol,exo-brevicomin, or some combination thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Hunt
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, 53706, Madison, Wisconsin
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7
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Pierce HD, Pierce AM, Johnston BD, Oehlschlager AC, Borden JH. Aggregation pheromone of square-necked grain beetle,Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.). J Chem Ecol 2013; 14:2169-84. [PMID: 24277237 DOI: 10.1007/bf01014023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/1987] [Accepted: 10/14/1987] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
When feeding on rolled oats, male square-necked grain beetles,Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.), produced the aggregation pheromone (3R,6E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-yl acetate, for which the trival name "quadrilure" is proposed. The pheromone was highly attractive to both sexes in a two-choice, pitfall olfactometer modified to retain responding beetles by placing a food stimulus (an oat flake) in the glass vials containing the experimental and control stimuli. TheS enantiomer of the pheromone was inactive. Males also produced small amounts of (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-one, (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-ol, and (6E)-7-methyl-3-propyl-2,6-nonadienyl acetate, but these compounds were inactive in the laboratory bioassay. Segregated males and females both produced (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol, which by itself was repellent to both sexes but did not diminish beetle response to the aggregation pheromone.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Pierce
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, V5A 1S6, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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8
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Miller DR, Borden JH, Slessor KN. Inter- and intrapopulation variation of the pheromone, ipsdienol produced by male pine engravers,Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). J Chem Ecol 2013; 15:233-47. [PMID: 24271438 DOI: 10.1007/bf02027785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/1987] [Accepted: 11/10/1987] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We determined the chirality of ipsdienol in individual male pine engravers,Ips pini (Say), from New York, California, and two localities in British Columbia (BC). Both quantity and chirality of ipsdienol varied significantly between and within populations ofI. pini. Beetles from California and southeastern BC produced primarily (R)-(-)-ipsdienol with mean ratios of (S)-(+) : (R)-(-) of 9 : 91 and 11 : 89, respectively, while beetles from New York produced primarily (S)-(+)-ipsdienol with a mean (S)-(+) : (R)-(-) ratio of 57 : 43. A population from southwestern BC was unlike any other known western population, producing primarily (S)-(+)-ipsdienol with a mean (S)-(+) : (R)-(-) ratio of 66 : 34. In contrast to the unimodal chirality profiles for ipsdienol production in populations from California and southeastern BC, the profiles of the populations from southwestern BC and New York were bimodal, with a common mode at approximately 44 : 56 (S)-(+) : (R)-(-). Bimodality in the profiles of ipsdienol chirality in two populations ofI. pini and remarkably high levels of intrapopulation variation in pheromone chirality in all four populations suggest that evolutionary change in pheromone channels of communication could occur, possibly in response to artificial selection pressures such as mass trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Pest Management, Canada
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9
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Herms DA, Haack RA, Ayres BD. Variation in semiochemical-mediated prey-predator interaction:Ips pini (Scolytidae) andThanasimus dubius (Cleridae). J Chem Ecol 2013; 17:515-24. [PMID: 24258802 DOI: 10.1007/bf00982122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/1990] [Accepted: 10/29/1990] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The bark beetleIps pini (Say) displays variation in its response to and production of enantiomeric blends of its pheromone ipsdienol. One of the principal predators ofIps pini isThanasimus dubius (F.), which uses ipsdienol as a kairomone for prey location. During 1988 and 1989, in Wisconsin and Michigan, the response of both species to a range of enantiomeric blends of ipsdienol was investigated. Blends tested had the following ratios of the (S)-(+) to (R)-(-) enantiomers: 3%∶97%, 25%∶75%, 50%∶50%, 75%∶25%, and 97%∶3%. Either75% (+) ∶ 25% (-) or 50% (+)∶ 50% (-) ipsdienol captured the mostIps pini in both years at both sites. The 25% (+)∶75% (-) blend also caught moreIps pini than the control during both years at both sites. All blends tested were attractive toThanasimus dubius in both years at both locations. Blend preferences of both species were variable and labile at both sites. Response patterns of both species in Wisconsin were different from those in Michigan each year. Furthermore, response patterns of both species to the ipsdienol blends changed from 1988 to 1989 at both locations. A genetic component to this variation would permit predator-prey coevolution, as well as the development of resistance byIps pini to management strategies based on mass-trapping with single blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Herms
- The Dow Gardens, 1018 W. Main St., 48640, Midland, Michigan
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10
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Millar JG, Giblin M, Barton D, Underhill EW. Synthesis and field screening of chiral monounsaturated epoxides as lepidopteran sex attractants and sex pheromone components. J Chem Ecol 2013; 17:911-29. [PMID: 24259075 DOI: 10.1007/bf01395599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/1990] [Accepted: 01/23/1991] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomerically enriched forms of (Z)-6-cis-9,10-epoxymonoenes and (Z)-9-cis-6,7-epoxymonoenes of chain lengths C17-20 were synthesized by Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation of allylic alcohol intermediates, followed by tosylation or halogenation and chain extension. The resulting monounsaturated epoxides were field tested as sex attractants for lepidopteran species.Euchlaena madusaria Walker males were attracted to blends of the enantiomers of (Z)-6- cis- 9,10-epoxynonadecene 6Z-cis-9,10-epoxy-19:H; IUPAC name [2α,3α(Z)]-2-pentyl-3-(2-dodecenyI)oxirane in combination with 6Z,9Z-19: H. The response was antagonized by 9Z-cis-6,7-epoxy-19: H. 6Z,9Z-19: H was tentatively identified in pheromone gland extracts.Xanthotype sospeta Drury male moths were attracted to lures containing 6Z-9S,10R-epoxy-19: H; the response was antagonized by the opposite enantiomer.Pal-this angulalis Hübner males were attracted to 9Z-6S,7R-epoxy-19:H; the opposite enantiomer was antagonistic. 6Z,9Z-19:H and 9Z-cis-6,7-epoxy-19:H and 9Z-cis-6,7-epoxy-19:H were tentatively identified in pheromone gland extracts fromAnacamptodes humaria Guenée females. In field trails, 9Z-6R,7S-epoxy-19:H proved to be the attractive enantiomer, and the response was potentiated by 6Z,9Z-19:H. Mechanisms by which unique chemical communication channels are maintained by each species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Millar
- Department of Entomology, University of California, 92521, Riverside, California
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11
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Chiral esters: Sex pheromone of the bagworm,Oiketicus kirbyi (Lepidoptera: Psychidae). J Chem Ecol 2013; 20:3083-96. [PMID: 24241978 DOI: 10.1007/bf02033712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/1994] [Accepted: 07/20/1994] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses of pheromone extract of female bagworms,Oiketicus kirbyi (Guilding), revealed five EAD-active compounds. Retention index calculations, GC-mass spectrometry in both full-scan and selected-ion monitoring modes and GC-EAD analyses of authentic standards identified the compounds as 1-methylbutyl octanoate (MBO), 1-methylbutyl nonanoate (MBN), 1-methylbutyl decanoate (MBD), 1-methylpentyl decanoate (MPD), and 1-methylbutyl dodecanoate (MBDD). Of these five chiral esters, MBD was most abundant in extracts and elicited the strongest antennal response. In field experiments in Costa Rica, (R)-MBD attractedO. kirbyi males, whereas (S)-MBD in combination with (R)-MBD inhibited response.R but notS enantiomers of MBO, MBN, and MBDD strongly synergized attraction to (R)-MBD. (S)-MBO and (S)-MBDD were inactive, whereas (S)-MBN was inhibitory. (R)-, (S)- and racemic MPD were inactive. Blends of (R)-MBD in ternary combination with either (R)-MBO and (R)-MBN or (R)-MBN and (R)-MBDD were as attractive as the five-ester blend. Five- and four-ester blends were equally attractive, suggesting redundancy of pheromone components for attraction of males. The multiple sex pheromone component blend of chiral esters inO. kirbyi may have evolved to maintain species-specific communication in bagworm communities of tropical Americas.
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12
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Kamezawa M, Tachibana H, Ohtani T, Naoshima Y. Biocatalytic synthesis of (S)-2-tridecanyl acetate and (S)-2-pentadecanyl acetate, aggregation pheromone components ofDrosophila mulleri andD. busckii, by enantioselective hydrolysis with lipase. J Chem Ecol 2013; 20:1057-61. [PMID: 24242303 DOI: 10.1007/bf02059742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/1993] [Accepted: 12/28/1993] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The two chiral pheromone acetates, (S)-2-tridecanyl acetate and (S)-2-pentadecanyl acetate, were synthesized with an enantiomeric excess (e.e.) of almost 100% byPseudomonas cepacia lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of their corresponding racemic acetates in an acetone-water solvent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kamezawa
- Konan Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., 5-21 Nakagawa-cho, 569, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Pheromone chirality of african palm weevil,Rhynchophorus phoenicis (F.) and palmetto weevil,Rhynchophorus cruentatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J Chem Ecol 2013; 20:2653-71. [PMID: 24241839 DOI: 10.1007/bf02036199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/1994] [Accepted: 06/02/1994] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There are four stereoisomers of both 3-methyl-octan-4-ol, the aggregation pheromone of the African palm weevil,Rhynchophorus phoenicis (F.) and 5-methyl-octan-4-ol, the aggregation pheromone of the palmetto weevil,Rhynchophorus cruentatus (F.). Synthetic stereoisomers of 3-methyl-octan-4-ol and 5-methyl-octan-4-ol were baseline-separated on a Cyclodex-B fused silica column. Use of this column in gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analyses revealed that only one stereoisomer, (3S,4S)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol and (4S,5S)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol, is produced by maleR. phoenicis and maleR. cruentatus, respectively, and elicits good antennal responses by conspecific male and female weevils. In field trapping experiments, withR. phoenicis in Côte d'Ivoire andR. cruentatus in Florida, (3S,4S)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol and (4S,5S)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol strongly enhanced attraction of fresh palm tissue, whereas other stereoisomers were behaviorally benign. Stereoisomeric 3-methyl-octan-4-ol and 5-methyl-octan-4-ol may be utilized to monitor and/or manage populations of these two palm weevils.
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14
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Miller DR, Borden JH, Slessor KN. Enantiospecific pheromone production and response profiles for populations of pine engraver,Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in British Columbia. J Chem Ecol 2013; 22:2157-72. [PMID: 24227221 DOI: 10.1007/bf02040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/1995] [Accepted: 07/03/1996] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Analyses of the enantiomeric composition of ipsdienol produced by individual male pine engravers,Ips pini (Say), from six populations in British Columbia, support the hypothesis that New York and Idaho races of this species hybridize in southeastern British Columbia. Production profiles, expressed as frequency distributions of (+):(-) ipsdienol ratios [= ratio of (S)-(+)-ipsdienol to (R)-(-)-ipsdienol], were bimodal for four western British Columbia populations. The (+):(-) ratios ranged from 63:37 to 71:29. consistent with those previously found for the New York race. The profile for a southeastern population from Radium, British Columbia, was intermediate between those for the four western British Columbia populations and that from one population in Kimberley, British Columbia, just south of Radium. Males in the Kimberley population produce predominantly (R)-(-)-ipsdienol, typical of California nad Idaho males. Response profiles of different individuals ofI. pini, determined by captures of beetles in multiple-funnel traps baited with ipsdienol of 11 different (+):(-) ratios, were not consistent with production profiles. Populations in Williams Lake and Princeton, in western British Columbia, and Radium, in southeastern British Columbia, had response profiles with maximal attraction to ipsdienol over a broad range of (+):(-) ratios, falling off as enantiomeric purity was approached at either end of the spectrum. This type of response profile is consistent with that for the New York race, which has been shown to respond optimally to (+):(-) ratios ranging from 40:60 to 70:30. The response profile of the Kimberley population gradually declined from maximal attraction to ipsdienol with a (+):(-) ratio of 2:98 to the lowest response at a (+):(-) ratio of 98:2. The attraction ofI. pini to chemical stimuli in California is interrupted by ipsdienol with a (+):(-) ratio >5:95, a pheromone of a host competitor, the California five-spined ips,Ips paraconfusus Lanier. We hypothesie that the Idaho race, which does not compete withI. paraconfusus due to geographical separation, is characterized by a Kimberley-type enantiomeric response profile, intermediate between those of the New York and California races.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Miller
- Phero Tech Inc., 7572 Progress Way, V4G 1E9, Delta, British Columbia, Canada
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15
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The Chemical Ecology of Cecidomyiid Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). J Chem Ecol 2012; 38:2-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-011-0053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Schorkopf DLP, Mitko L, Eltz T. Enantioselective preference and high antennal sensitivity for (-)-Ipsdienol in scent-collecting male orchid bees, Euglossa cyanura. J Chem Ecol 2011; 37:953-60. [PMID: 21863327 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-011-0010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Male neotropical orchid bees (Euglossini) collect volatile chemicals from their environment, store them in tibial pouches, and later expose their "perfumes" during a courtship display. Here, we showed that enantiomeric selectivity plays an important role in the choice of volatiles by male Euglossa cyanura in southern Mexico, and that behavioral selectivity is linked to antennal sensitivity. In field bioassays with equal concentrations of (+)-ipsdienol, (-)-ipsdienol, and racemate, males preferred the (-)-isomer to the racemate, while neglecting the (+)-isomer. Correspondingly, antennae of male E. cyanura showed larger electroantennographic responses to the (-)-isomer than to the (+)-isomer. In comparison, antennae of male Euglossa mixta, which are not attracted to any form of ipsdienol, showed lower electroantennographic responses to (-)-ipsdienol than did antennae of E. cyanura, and also did not differ in sensitivity with respect to the (+)- or (-)-isomers. We suggest that (-)-ipsdienol is an important component of perfume signals in male E. cyanura, which have undergone selection in favor of increased antennal sensitivity to that enantiomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Louis P Schorkopf
- Department for Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Effect of chirality, release rate, and host volatiles on response of Tetropium fuscum (F.), Tetropium cinnamopterum Kirby, and Tetropium castaneum (L.) to the aggregation pheromone, fuscumol. J Chem Ecol 2010; 36:1309-21. [PMID: 21046204 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-010-9876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The male-produced aggregation pheromones of Tetropium fuscum (F.) and T. cinnamopterum Kirby were identified as (2S,5E)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadienol by chemical analysis, synthesis, electronantennography, and field trapping; the compound is here renamed "fuscumol". The effect of fuscumol chirality, alone or with host volatiles, and fuscumol release rate on Tetropium spp. was tested in field-trapping experiments in Nova Scotia and Poland. Both (S)-fuscumol and racemic fuscumol synergized trap catches of male and female T. fuscum, T. cinnamopterum, and T. castaneum (L.) when combined with a blend of host monoterpenes and ethanol. Without added host volatiles, fuscumol was either unattractive (in Nova Scotia) or only slightly so (in Poland). (R)-Fuscumol, alone or in combination with host volatiles, did not elicit increases in trap capture of any Tetropium species, relative to the controls. Fuscumol synergized attraction of both sexes to host volatiles, thus indicating it acts as an aggregation pheromone. Sex ratio was often female-biased in traps baited with fuscumol plus host volatiles, and was either unbiased or male-biased in traps with host volatiles alone. In traps with host volatiles and racemic fuscumol, mean catches of Tetropium species were unaffected by fuscumol release rates ranging from 1 to 32 mg/d. The attraction of three different Tetropium species to the combination of (S)-fuscumol and host volatiles suggests that cross-attraction may occur where these species are sympatric, and that reproductive isolation possibly occurs via differences in close-range cues. These results have practical applications for survey and monitoring of T. fuscum, a European species established in Nova Scotia since at least 1980, and for early detection of T. castaneum, a European species not presently established in North America.
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Ryall K, Silk PJ, Wu J, Mayo P, Lemay MA, MaGee D. Sex pheromone chemistry and field trapping studies of the elm spanworm Ennomos subsignaria (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:Geometridae). Naturwissenschaften 2010; 97:717-24. [PMID: 20559612 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-010-0687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The elm spanworm, Ennomos subsignaria (Hübner), occurs throughout Canada and the eastern United States and can be a destructive forest pest on a wide range of deciduous trees. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC/EAD) analysis of pheromone gland extracts, in combination with chemical synthesis and field trapping studies have identified (2S, 3R)-2-((Z)-oct-2'-enyl)-3-nonyl oxirane (hereafter Z6-9S, 10R-epoxy-19:H) as the female-produced sex pheromone. Significantly more male moths were captured between 1-100 microg loadings of this compound on red rubber septa in sticky traps compared to blank (unbaited) traps; catches then declined at higher dosages (500-1000 microg). The other isomeric enantiomer, (2R, 3S)-2-[(Z)-oct-2'-enyl]-3-nonyl oxirane (Z6-9R, 10S-epoxy-19:H), at a 10-microg dosage did not elicit trap capture. The likely precursor to the active epoxide, (Z, Z)-6, 9-nonadecadiene ((Z, Z)-6, 9-19:H), identified in virgin female sex pheromone glands, did not elicit trap capture either, and inhibited trap capture when combined with the active epoxide. Racemic 2-((Z)-oct-2'-enyl)-3-nonyl oxirane showed no significant difference in trap capture compared with Z6-9S, 10R-epoxy-19:H, indicating that the opposite enantiomer was not antagonistic. The addition of the EAD-active diene epoxide enantiomers (2S, 3R)-2-[(Z, Z)-octa-2', 5'-dienyl]-3-nonyl oxirane or (2R, 3S)-2-[(Z, Z)-octa-2', 5'-dienyl]-3-nonyl oxirane in admixture with Z6-9S, 10R-epoxy-19:H (at 10% of the latter) did not enhance or decrease trap capture compared to Z6-9S, 10R-epoxy-19:H oxirane alone, so they are not likely pheromone components. This pheromone, impregnated in rubber septa at less than 100-microg dosage, can now be used as a trap bait to develop detection and monitoring strategies for this insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Ryall
- Natural Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forest Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
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Gries R, Khaskin G, Tan ZX, Zhao BG, Skip King GG, Miroshnychenko A, Lin GQ, Rhainds M, Gries G. (1S)-1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl 3,13-dimethylpentadecanoate: major sex pheromone component of Paulownia bagworm, Clania variegata. J Chem Ecol 2006; 32:1673-85. [PMID: 16900424 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-006-9101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 02/02/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Paulownia bagworm, Clania variegata Snell. (Lepidoptera: Psychidae), is one of the most significant forest defoliators in China. In gas chromatographic (GC)-electroantennographic detection analyses of pheromone gland extracts of female C. variegata on three GC columns (DB-5, DB-23, DB-210), two compounds (A and B) elicited strong responses from male antennae. The more abundant component B was isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography and identified as 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl 3,13-dimethylpentadecanoate by transesterification, GC-mass spectrometry (MS), and comparison of its spectral and GC retention characteristics with those of synthetic compounds. In field trapping experiments in China, racemic and (1S)-1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl 3,13-dimethylpentadecanoate [but not the (1R)-stereoisomer] attracted male C. variegata. The absolute configuration of B (a molecule with three chiral centers) and the structure of component A remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Gries
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada
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El-Sayed AM, Gibb AR, Suckling DM, Bunn B, Fielder S, Comeskey D, Manning LA, Foster SP, Morris BD, Ando T, Mori K. Identification of sex pheromone components of the painted apple moth: a tussock moth with a thermally labile pheromone component. J Chem Ecol 2005; 31:621-46. [PMID: 15898505 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-005-2050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The sex pheromone of the painted apple moth, Teia anartoides (Lymantriidae) was investigated using GC-EAD and GC-MS analysis, derivatization, TLC analysis, and field cage and field trapping bioassays. The major sex pheromone components were identified as (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-dien-11-one and (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-diene. Other minor components of pheromone gland extracts included (6Z)-9R, 10S-epoxyeicos-6-ene, (6Z)-9R,10S-epoxyhenicos-6-ene, (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-dien-11-ol, (6Z)-henicos-6-en-11-one, and (6Z, 8E)-henicosa-6,8-dien-11-one, but the roles of these minor components remain equivocal. In field cage and field experiments, a blend of all seven identified components [(6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-dien-11-one (relative amount 100), (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-diene (100), (6Z)-9R,10S-epoxyeicos-6-ene (5), (6Z)-9R,10S-epoxyhenicos-6-ene (10), (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-dien-11-ol (5), (6Z)-henicos-6-en-11-one (1), and (6Z,8E)-henicosa-6,8-dien-11-one (25)] was as attractive to males as calling females, but tests with blends of the major component(s) with subsets of the minor components did not produce consistent results that unequivocally showed the various minor components to be critical components of the active blend. (6Z,9Z)-henicosa-6,9-dien-11-one is thermally labile and rearranges to (6Z,8E)-henicosa-6,8-dien-1-one and other products at ambient temperature, rendering the synthetic pheromone lure inactive after two days of field exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M El-Sayed
- HortResearch, Canterbury Research Center, Lincoln, New Zealand.
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23
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Gries R, Khaskin G, Gries G, Bennett RG, King GGS, Morewood P, Slessor KN, Morewood WD. (Z,Z)-4,7-tridecadien-(S)-2-yl acetate: sex pheromone of Douglas-fir cone gall midge, Contarinia oregonensis. J Chem Ecol 2002; 28:2283-97. [PMID: 12523568 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021005517389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Our objectives were to identify and field test the sex pheromone of female Douglas-fir cone gall midge, Contarinia oregonensis (Diptera: Ce-cidomyiidae). Coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses of pheromone extract revealed a single compound (A) that elicited responses from male antennae. Hydrogenation of pheromone extract, followed by renewed GC-EAD analysis, revealed a new EAD-active compound with chromatographic characteristics identical to those of tridecan-2-yl acetate on five fused silica columns (DB-5, DB-210, DB-23, SP-1000, and Cyclodex-B). Syntheses, chromatography, and retention index calculations of all possible tridecen-2-yl acetates suggested that the candidate pheromone A was a tridecadien-2-yl acetate with nonconjugated double bonds. Synthetic candidate pheromone component (Z,Z)-4,7-tridecadien-2-yl acetate (Z4Z7) cochromatographed with A on all analytical columns and elicited comparable antennal activity. In GC-EAD analyses that separated the enantiomers (Z,Z)-4,7-tridecadien-(S)-2-yl acetate (2S-Z4Z7) and (Z,Z)-4,7-tridecadien-(R)-2-yl acetate (2R-Z4Z7) with baseline resolution, only 2S-Z4Z7 as a component in a racemic standard or in pheromone extract elicited antennal responses. In Douglas-fir seed orchards, sticky traps baited with 2S-Z4Z7 captured male C. oregonensis, whereas 2R-Z4Z7 was behaviorally benign. Comparable catches of males in traps baited with racemic Z4Z7 (50 microg) or virgin female C. oregonensis suggested that synthetic pheromone baits could be developed for monitoring C. oregonensis populations in commercial Douglas-fir seed orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Gries
- Centre for Environmental Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6 Canada.
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Arsene C, Schulz S. Cyclic chiral silyl derivatives for the determination of the absolute configuration of aliphatic diols by gas chromatography. Org Lett 2002; 4:2869-71. [PMID: 12182576 DOI: 10.1021/ol026265v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Chiral bidentate silyl reagents have been developed for the GC analysis of aliphatic 1,3- and 1,4-diols. These reagents react with the diols to cyclic siloxanes, which allow the determination of their enantiomeric composition even in complex mixtures. The absolute configuration of 4,6-nonadecanediol 7, occurring in the lipids of sunflower pollen, has been determined to be (4S,6R) by comparison with derivatized synthetic enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Arsene
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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25
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Millar JG, Daane KM, McElfresh JS, Moreira JA, Malakar-Kuenen R, Guillén M, Bentley WJ. Development and optimization of methods for using sex pheromone for monitoring the mealybug Planococcus ficus (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) in California vineyards. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2002; 95:706-714. [PMID: 12216810 DOI: 10.1603/0022-0493-95.4.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The sex pheromone of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus Signoret has been identified as a single component, lavandulyl senecioate. Racemic lavandulyl senecioate was as attractive to male mealybugs as the insect-produced (S)-enantiomer, indicating that the unnatural enantiomer is not inhibitory. Lavandulol, which also was found in extracts from virgin females, antagonized attraction of males at higher doses. Rubber septum lures loaded with 10- to 1,000-microg doses of the pheromone were equally attractive, and lures loaded with 100 microg of racemic pheromone remained attractive for at least 12 wk under field conditions. Delta traps were more effective than double-sided sticky cards and minimized captures of nontarget insects. Pheromone-baited traps had an effective range of at least 50 m. Comparison of visual sampling methods and sampling of males with pheromone-baited traps revealed that trap catches were significantly correlated with the results from visual sampling methods, and with economic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn G Millar
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
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26
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Ramoni R, Vincent F, Grolli S, Conti V, Malosse C, Boyer FD, Nagnan-Le Meillour P, Spinelli S, Cambillau C, Tegoni M. The insect attractant 1-octen-3-ol is the natural ligand of bovine odorant-binding protein. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:7150-5. [PMID: 11114310 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010368200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine odorant-binding protein (bOBP) is a dimeric lipocalin present in large amounts in the respiratory and olfactory nasal mucosa. The structure of bOBP refined at 2.0-A resolution revealed an elongated volume of electron density inside each buried cavity, indicating the presence of one (or several) naturally occurring copurified ligand(s) (Tegoni et al. (1996) Nat. Struct. Biol. 3, 863-867; Bianchet et al. (1996) Nat. Struct. Biol. 3, 934-939). In the present work, by combining mass spectrometry, x-ray crystallography (1.8-A resolution), and fluorescence, it has been unambiguously established that natural bOBP contains the racemic form of 1-octen-3-ol. This volatile substance is a typical component of bovine breath and in general of odorous body emanations of humans and animals. The compound 1-octen-3-ol is also an extremely potent olfactory attractant for many insect species, including some parasite vectors like Anopheles (Plasmodium) or Glossina (Trypanosoma). For the first time, a function can be assigned to an OBP, with a possible role of bOBP in the ecological relationships between bovine and insect species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ramoni
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6098, CNRS and Universités Aix-Marseille I and II, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
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Hinkens DM, McElfresh J, Millar JG. Identification and synthesis of the sex pheromone of the vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)02347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Synthesis and Rhizopus oryzae mediated enantioselective hydrolysis of α-acetoxy aryl alkyl ketones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(98)00165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Demir AS, Tanyeli C, Cagir A, Tahir M, Ulku D. Novel enantioselective synthesis of trans-α-(2-carboxycycloprop-1-yl)glycines: conformationally constrained l-glutamate analogues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(98)00061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Ohtani T, Nakatsukasa H, Kamezawa M, Tachibana H, Naoshima Y. Enantioselectivity of Candida antarctica lipase for some synthetic substrates including aliphatic secondary alcohols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(97)00021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Conversion of homochiral amines, β-amino alcohols and α-amino acids to their chiral 2-methylpyrrole derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(97)00035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Demir AS, Mecitoglu I, Tanyeli C, Gülbeyaz V. Enantioselective reduction of ketones with borane catalyzed by cyclic β- amino alcohols prepared from proline. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(96)00443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Isolation and identification of house fly,Musca domestica L., repellents from pepper tree,Schinus molle L. J Chem Ecol 1996; 22:49-59. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02040199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/1995] [Accepted: 08/23/1995] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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Hulst R, de Vries N, Feringa BL. The rational design and application of new chiral phosphonates for the enantiomeric excess determination of unprotected amino acids. Remarkable pH dependency of the diastereomeric shift differences. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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36
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Defensive secretion of two notodontid caterpillars (Schizura unicornis, S. badia). J Chem Ecol 1993; 19:2089-104. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00979649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/1993] [Accepted: 04/26/1993] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Role of chirality in olfactory-directed behavior: Aggregation of pine engraver beetles in the genusIps (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). J Chem Ecol 1993; 19:1809-31. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00982310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/1992] [Accepted: 03/16/1993] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Leal WS, Matsuyama S, Kuwahara Y, Wakamura S, Hasegawa M. An amino acid derivative as the sex pheromone of a scarab beetle. Naturwissenschaften 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01134440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Chirality and field activity of rhynchophorol, the aggregation pheromone of the American palm weevil. Naturwissenschaften 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01131543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Synthesis of the stereoisomers of the female sex pheromone of the Hessian fly,Mayetiola destructor. J Chem Ecol 1991; 17:2437-47. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00994592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/1991] [Accepted: 08/05/1991] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Miller DR, Borden JH, King GGS, Slessor KN. Ipsenol: an aggregation pheromone forIps latidens (Leconte) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). J Chem Ecol 1991; 17:1517-27. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00984685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/1991] [Accepted: 03/25/1991] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Herms DA, Haack RA, Ayres BD. Variation in semiochemical-mediated prey-predator interaction:Ips pini (Scolytidae) andThanasimus dubius (Cleridae). J Chem Ecol 1991; 17:1705-14. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00984698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/1990] [Accepted: 10/29/1990] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Lanierone: A new pheromone component fromIps pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in New York. J Chem Ecol 1991; 17:1159-76. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01402941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/1990] [Accepted: 02/12/1991] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Teale SA, Lanier GN. Seasonal variability in response ofIps pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to ipsdienol in New York. J Chem Ecol 1991; 17:1145-58. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01402940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/1990] [Accepted: 02/12/1991] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Foster SP, Harris MO, Millar JG. Identification of the sex pheromone of the Hessian fly,Mayetiola destructor (Say). Naturwissenschaften 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01131490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Pierce AM, Pierce HD, Oehlschlager AC, Borden JH. 1-Octen-3-ol, attractive semiochemical for foreign grain beetle,Ahasverus advena (Waltl) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). J Chem Ecol 1991; 17:567-80. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00982127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/1989] [Accepted: 11/16/1990] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Johnston BD, Morgan B, Oehlschlager AC, Ramaswamy S. A convenient synthesis of both enantiomers of seudenol and their conversion to 1-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol (mcol). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(00)82123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Morgani B, Oehlschlager AC, Stokes TM. Enzyme reactions in apolar solvents. The resolution of branched and unbranched 2-alkanols by porcine pancreatic lipase. Tetrahedron 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)96905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Ramaswamy S, Oehlschlager AC. Chemico-microbial syntheses of Japanese beetle and mosquito oviposition pheromones. Tetrahedron 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Ramaswamy S, Oehlschlager AC. Chemico-enzymatic syntheses of racemic and chiral isomers of 7- methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane. Tetrahedron 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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