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Lin KH, Lin YC, Huang CY, Tseng YJ, Chen SR, Cheng YB, Hwang TL, Wang SY, Chen HY, Dai CF, Sheu JH. Cembranoid-Related Diterpenes, Novel Secoditerpenes, and an Unusual Bisditerpene from a Formosan Soft Coral Sarcophyton Tortuosum. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hua Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yao Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Tseng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Rong Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yang Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Feng Dai
- Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei 112216, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
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Maloney KN, Botts RT, Davis TS, Okada BK, Maloney EM, Leber CA, Alvarado O, Brayton C, Caraballo-Rodríguez AM, Chari JV, Chicoine B, Crompton JC, Davis SR, Gromek SM, Kurnianda V, Quach K, Samples RM, Shieh V, Sultana CM, Tanaka J, Dorrestein PC, Balunas MJ, McFadden CS. Cryptic Species Account for the Seemingly Idiosyncratic Secondary Metabolism of Sarcophyton glaucum Specimens Collected in Palau. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:693-705. [PMID: 31971803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sarcophyton glaucum is one of the most abundant and chemically studied soft corals with over 100 natural products reported in the literature, primarily cembrane diterpenoids. Yet, wide variation in the chemistry observed from S. glaucum over the past 50 years has led to its reputation as a capricious producer of bioactive metabolites. Recent molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that S. glaucum is not a single species but a complex of at least seven genetically distinct species not distinguishable using traditional taxonomic criteria. We hypothesized that perceived intraspecific chemical variation observed in S. glaucum was actually due to differences between cryptic species (interspecific variation). To test this hypothesis, we collected Sarcophyton samples in Palau, performed molecular phylogenetic analysis, and prepared chemical profiles of sample extracts using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. Both unsupervised (principal component analysis) and supervised (linear discriminant analysis) statistical analyses of these profiles revealed a strong relationship between cryptic species membership and chemical profiles. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based analysis using feature-based molecular networking permitted identification of the chemical drivers of this difference between clades, including cembranoid diterpenes (2R,11R,12R)-isosarcophytoxide (5), (2S,11R,12R)-isosarcophytoxide (6), and isosarcophine (7). Our results suggest that early chemical studies of Sarcophyton may have unknowingly conflated different cryptic species of S. glaucum, leading to apparently idiosyncratic chemical variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N Maloney
- Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Ryan T Botts
- Department of Mathematical, Information, and Computer Sciences, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
| | - Taylor S Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
| | - Bethany K Okada
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Maloney
- Department of Mathematical, Information, and Computer Sciences, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
| | - Christopher A Leber
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Oscar Alvarado
- Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
| | - Charlie Brayton
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Andrés Mauricio Caraballo-Rodríguez
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jason V Chari
- Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
| | - Brent Chicoine
- Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
| | - J Chance Crompton
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Sydney R Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Drive, San Diego, California 92106, United States
| | - Samantha M Gromek
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Viqqi Kurnianda
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Kim Quach
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Robert M Samples
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Vincent Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Camille M Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Junichi Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Marcy J Balunas
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Catherine S McFadden
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
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Vohsen SA, Fisher CR, Baums IB. Metabolomic richness and fingerprints of deep-sea coral species and populations. Metabolomics 2019; 15:34. [PMID: 30830472 PMCID: PMC6469635 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION From shallow water to the deep sea, corals form the basis of diverse communities with significant ecological and economic value. These communities face many anthropogenic stressors including energy and mineral extraction activities, ocean acidification and rising sea temperatures. Corals and their symbionts produce a diverse assemblage of compounds that may help provide resilience to some of these stressors. OBJECTIVES We aim to characterize the metabolomic diversity of deep-sea corals in an ecological context by investigating patterns across space and phylogeny. METHODS We applied untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to examine the metabolomic diversity of the deep-sea coral, Callogorgia delta, across three sites in the Northern Gulf of Mexico as well as three other deep-sea corals, Stichopathes sp., Leiopathes glaberrima, and Lophelia pertusa, and a shallow-water species, Acropora palmata. RESULTS Different coral species exhibited distinct metabolomic fingerprints and differences in metabolomic richness including core ions unique to each species. C. delta was generally least diverse while Lophelia pertusa was most diverse. C. delta from different sites had different metabolomic fingerprints and metabolomic richness at individual and population levels, although no sites exhibited unique core ions. Two core ions unique to C. delta were putatively identified as diterpenes and thus may possess a biologically important function. CONCLUSION Deep-sea coral species have distinct metabolomic fingerprints and exhibit high metabolomic diversity at multiple scales which may contribute to their capabilities to respond to both natural and anthropogenic stressors, including climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Vohsen
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Charles R Fisher
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Iliana B Baums
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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