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Gau E, Flecken F, Belthle T, Ambarwati M, Loos K, Pich A. Amylose-Coated Biohybrid Microgels by Phosphorylase-Catalyzed Grafting-From Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900144. [PMID: 31162765 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis of amylose-coated, temperature-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (VCL)-based copolymer microgels by enzyme-catalyzed grafting-from polymerization with phosphorylase b from rabbit muscle is reported. The phosphorylase is able to recognize the oligosaccharide maltoheptaose as primer and attach glucose units from the monomer glucose-1-phosphate to it, thereby forming amylose chains while releasing inorganic phosphate. Therefore, to enable the phosphorylase-catalyzed grafting-from polymerization of glucose-1-phosphate from the PVCL-based microgels, the maltoheptaose primer is covalently attached to the microgel in the first synthesis step. This is realized by adding N-(2-aminoethyl)methacrylamide (AEMAA) as a comonomer to the PVCL microgel to integrate primary amino groups and subsequent coupling of maltoheptaonolactone. Both the PVCL/AEMAA microgel as well as the obtained microgel-maltoheptaose construct are characterized in detail by dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic mobility measurements, IR spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. From the microgel-maltoheptaose construct, the grafting-from polymerization of glucose-1-phosphate is performed by the addition of phosphorylase b. Atomic force microscopy images clearly demonstrate the formation of an amylose shell around the microgels. The developed amylose-coated microgels open up promising application possibilities, for example, as colloidal scavengers, since amylose helices can serve as host molecules for inclusion of hydrophobic guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Gau
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Flecken
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomke Belthle
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Masyitha Ambarwati
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
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