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Anderson Dear DV, Miller JR. Construction and analysis of an hn-cDNA library derived from the p-arm of pig chromosome 12. Mamm Genome 1996; 7:654-6. [PMID: 8703117 DOI: 10.1007/s003359900200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Our aim is to find unidentified genes on specific pig chromosomes or chromosome fragments. Our approach has involved the construction of a heterogeneous nuclear complementary (hn-c) DNA library of the p-arm of pig Chromosome (Chr) 12, the only pig chromosome present in the pig x hamster hybrid cell line 8990. Total RNA was extracted from the cells and first-strand synthesis of hn-cDNA carried out with random and oligo dT primers. Pig hn-cDNA was isolated by amplification of first-strand synthesized hn-cDNA with primers specific for Short Interspersed Repeat Elements (SINEs) via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hn-cDNAs were size selected and cloned in E. coli XL-1 blue cells with PCR-Script as the vector. The library consisted of 6000 clones. Clone inserts were amplified by PCR with vector-specific primers, and randomly picked inserts greater than 600 bp were sequenced. Homology searches were carried out with the FASTA search program on the GenEmbl database. Thirty clones were sequenced, and of these three showed strong homologies to GenEmbl sequences: (1) to sheep, mouse, human, and rat mammary gland factor (MGF); (2) to MLN-50, a gene that is amplified in human familial breast cancer and is present on human Chr 17; the latter is homologous to pig chromosome 12; (3) to a family of unassigned overlapping human ESTs. Of the other sequenced clones, seven were over 80% homologous with pig SINE sequences; three were over 75% homologous to human LINE sequences; six displayed open reading frames over a mean distance equivalent to 50 amino acids, although these showed no significant similarities with sequences in the databases. Using this approach, we have been able to identify several new genes on the p-arm of pig Chr 12. This is the first report of gene isolation from a library derived from a pig chromosome fragment.
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Liu PP, Wijmenga C, Hajra A, Blake TB, Kelley CA, Adelstein RS, Bagg A, Rector J, Cotelingam J, Willman CL, Collins FS. Identification of the chimeric protein product of the
CBFB‐MYH11
fusion gene in inv(16) leukemia cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2264(199606)16:2<77::aid-gcc1>3.0.co;2-%23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Paul Liu
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amitav Hajra
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Trevor B. Blake
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christine A. Kelley
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert S. Adelstein
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Adam Bagg
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - James Rector
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James Cotelingam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Cheryl L. Willman
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Liu PP, Wijmenga C, Hajra A, Blake TB, Kelley CA, Adelstein RS, Bagg A, Rector J, Cotelingam J, Willman CL, Collins FS. Identification of the chimeric protein product of the CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene in inv(16) leukemia cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1996; 16:77-87. [PMID: 8818654 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2264(199606)16:2<77::aid-gcc1>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An expressed gene formed by fusion between the CBFB transcription factor gene and the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain gene MYH11 is consistently detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in patients who have acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtype M4Eo with an inversion of chromosome 16. We have previously shown that a CBFB-MYH11 cDNA construct can produce a chimeric protein and transform NIH 3T3 cells. However, the presence of the chimeric protein in patient cells has not been demonstrated previously. Here, we show that such chimeric proteins can be identified in vivo, primarily in the nuclei of the leukemic cells, by use of antibodies against the C-terminus of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain and the fusion junction peptide. A very high molecular weight protein/DNA complex is generated when nuclear extracts from patient cells are used in electrophoretic mobility shift assays, as seen in NIH 3T3 cells transfected with the CBFB-MYH11 cDNA. Immunofluorescence staining shows that the proteins are organized in vivo into novel structures within cell nuclei. One isoform of the transcript of the CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene, containing the MHC204 C-terminus, was the predominant from in all five cases studied.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3 Cells
- Adult
- Aged
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/analysis
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Liu
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Center for Human Genome Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-4470, USA
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Hoyle J, Yulug IG, Johnstone K, Scambler PJ, Fisher EM. Characterisation of a short interspersed repeat (Mermaid) that has family members on human chromosome 21 and elsewhere in the human genome. Hum Genet 1996; 97:117-20. [PMID: 8557251 DOI: 10.1007/bf00218845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To understand the architecture of the human genome, we need a complete definition of all the repeat sequence families, as these make up the majority of human DNA. We have isolated a small DNA fragment from human chromosome 21 and have used sequence analysis of this fragment to uncover a new low copy repeat element of approximately 300 bp that we term the Mermaid repeat. This repeat is related to, but is different from, the MER12 repeat and is interspersed in the genome. Mermaid family members that we have studied are between 81%-87% identical to our preliminary consensus sequence. Therefore, we have added a new member to the large collection of human repetitive elements. In addition, we have mapped a Mermaid repeat to a telomeric position on the long arm of human chromosome 21, at 21q22.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hoyle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, Imperial College, London, UK
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Liu P, Tarlé SA, Hajra A, Claxton DF, Marlton P, Freedman M, Siciliano MJ, Collins FS. Fusion between transcription factor CBF beta/PEBP2 beta and a myosin heavy chain in acute myeloid leukemia. Science 1993; 261:1041-4. [PMID: 8351518 DOI: 10.1126/science.8351518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 542] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The pericentric inversion of chromosome 16 [inv(16)(p13q22)] is a characteristic karyotypic abnormality associated with acute myeloid leukemia, most commonly of the M4Eo subtype. The 16p and 16q breakpoints were pinpointed by yeast artificial chromosome and cosmid cloning, and the two genes involved in this inversion were identified. On 16q the inversion occurred near the end of the coding region for CBF beta, also known as PEBP2 beta, a subunit of a heterodimeric transcription factor regulating genes expressed in T cells; on 16p a smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) gene (MYH11) was interrupted. In six of six inv(16) patient samples tested, an in-frame fusion messenger RNA was demonstrated that connected the first 165 amino acids of CBF beta with the tail region of SMMHC. The repeated coiled coil of SMMHC may result in dimerization of the CBF beta fusion protein, which in turn would lead to alterations in transcriptional regulation and contribute to leukemic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Liu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109
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Weier HU, Miller BM, Yu LC, Fuscoe JC. PCR cloning of a repeated DNA fragment from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell X chromosomes and mapping by fluorescence in situ hybridization. DNA SEQUENCE : THE JOURNAL OF DNA SEQUENCING AND MAPPING 1993; 4:47-51. [PMID: 8312605 DOI: 10.3109/10425179309015622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hamster chromosome-specific DNA sequences were amplified by primer directed DNA amplification using mixed base oligonucleotides in an arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) protocol. The template DNA was comprised of approximately 3000 chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO) chromosomes enriched by flow sorting from a human x hamster hybrid cell line. Labeling of the PCR product pool and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated preferential binding to the distal long arm of the CHO X chromosome. The PCR products were cloned, labeled by PCR and hybridized to metaphase spreads. Clones containing highly reiterated DNA were identified by FISH and sequenced. Here, we present the sequence and chromosomal location of one of the repeat clones that maps close to the secondary constriction on the long arm of the CHO X chromosome, pCAT2066-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- H U Weier
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0808
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