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Li X, Zhao Y, Qiao S, Gu M, Gao R, Ge Z, Xu X, Wang X, Ma J, Hu J, Hu S, Liu X, Chen S, Peng D, Jiao X, Liu X. The Packaging Regions of G1-Like PB2 Gene Contribute to Improving the Survival Advantage of Genotype S H9N2 Virus in China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:655057. [PMID: 33967991 PMCID: PMC8096984 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.655057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genotype S (G57) H9N2 virus, which first emerged in 2007 with the substitution of the G1-like PB2 gene for F98-like ones, has become the predominant genotype in the past 10 years. However, whether this substitution plays a role in the fitness of genotype S H9N2 viruses remains unknown. Comparison of the PB2 genes of F98-like and G1-like viruses revealed a close homology in amino acid sequences but great variations at nucleotide levels. We then determined if the packaging region, a unique sequence in each segment utilized for the assembly of the vRNA into virions, played a role in the fitness of the S genotype. The chimeric H9N2 virus with PB2 segments of the G1-like packaging regions significantly increased viral protein levels and polymerase activity. Substituting the packaging regions in the two terminals of F98-like PB2 with the sequence of G1-like further improved its competitive advantage. Substitution of the packaging regions of F98-like PB2 with those of G1-like sequences increased the infectivity of the chimeric virus in the lungs and brains of chicken at 3 days post infection (dpi) and extended the lengths of virus shedding time. Our study suggests that the packaging regions of the G1-like PB2 gene contribute to improve the survival advantage of the genotype S H9N2 virus in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Li
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shumiao Qiao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhichuang Ge
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Yangzhou University Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sujuan Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daxin Peng
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Yangzhou University Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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