1
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Wu J, Chen X, Hu J, Yan S, Zhang J. Temperature-Dependent Polymorphism and Phase Transformation of Friction Transferred PLLA Thin Films. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235300. [PMID: 36501694 PMCID: PMC9741441 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) thin films with a highly oriented structure, successfully prepared by a fast friction transfer technique, were investigated mainly on the basis of synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The crystalline structure of the highly oriented PLLA film was remarkably affected by friction transfer temperatures, which exhibited various crystal forms in different friction temperature regions. Interestingly, metastable β-form was generated at all friction transfer temperatures (70-140 °C) between Tg and Tm, indicating that fast friction transfer rate was propitious to the formation of β-form. Furthermore, the relative content among β-, α'-, and α-forms at different friction temperatures was estimated by WAXD as well as FTIR spectroscopy. In situ temperature-dependent WAXD was applied to reveal the complicated phase transition behavior of PLLA at a friction transfer temperature of 100 °C. The results illustrated that the contents of β- and α'-forms decreased in turn, whereas the α-form increased in content due to partially melt-recrystallization or crystal perfection. Moreover, by immersing into a solvent of acetone, β-, α'-form were transformed into stable α-crystalline form directly as a consequence. The highly oriented structure was maintained with the chain perfectly parallel to friction transfer direction after acetone treatment, evidenced by polarized FTIR and polarized optical microscopy (POM) measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Shouke Yan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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2
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Zhou H, Kuenstler AS, Xu W, Hu M, Hayward RC. A Semicrystalline Poly(azobenzene) Exhibiting Room Temperature Light-Induced Melting, Crystallization, and Alignment. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hantao Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Alexa S. Kuenstler
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Mingqiu Hu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ryan C. Hayward
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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3
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Liu Y, Peng L, Lin JL, Zhou Y, Wang DJ, Han CC, Huang XB, Dong X. The Crystallization Behavior Regulating Nature of Hydrogen Bonds Interaction on Polyamide 6,6 by Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2852-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Zhang Y, Sheng L, Bai Y, Liu G, Dong H, Wang T, Huang X, He J. Experimental investigation and numerical simulation for structural evolution and stress distribution during the stretching process. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Lei Sheng
- College of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Yaozong Bai
- Sinoma Lithium Battery Separator Co. Ltd Zaozhuang China
| | - Gaojun Liu
- Sinoma Lithium Battery Separator Co. Ltd Zaozhuang China
| | - Haoyu Dong
- Sinoma Lithium Battery Separator Co. Ltd Zaozhuang China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Xianli Huang
- College of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Jianping He
- College of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
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5
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Marion JS, Gupta N, Cheung H, Monir K, Anikeeva P, Fink Y. Thermally Drawn Highly Conductive Fibers with Controlled Elasticity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201081. [PMID: 35278246 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electronic fabrics necessitate both electrical conductivity and, like any textile, elastic recovery. Achieving both requirements on the scale of a single fiber remains an unmet need. Here, two approaches for achieving conductive fibers (107 S m-1 ) reaching 50% elongation while maintaining minimal change in resistance (<0.5%) in embedded metallic electrodes are introduced. The first approach involves inducing a buckling instability in a metal microwire within a cavity of a thermally drawn elastomer fiber. The second approach relies on twisting an elastomer fiber to yield helical metal electrodes embedded in a stretchable yarn. The scalability of both approaches is illustrated in apparatuses for continuous buckling and twisting that yield tens of meters of elastic conducting fibers. Through experimental and analytical methods, it is elucidated how geometric parameters, such as buckling pre-strain and helical angle, as well as materials choice, control not only the fiber's elasticity but also its Young's modulus. Links between mechanical and electrical properties are exposed. The resulting fibers are used to construct elastic fabrics that contain diodes, by weaving and knitting, thus demonstrating the scalable fabrication of conformable and stretchable antennas that support optical data transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette S Marion
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Nikhil Gupta
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Henry Cheung
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kirmina Monir
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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6
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Arrigo R, Malucelli G, Mantia FPL. Effect of the Elongational Flow on the Morphology and Properties of Polymer Systems: A Brief Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3529. [PMID: 34685288 PMCID: PMC8541082 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer-processing operations with dominating elongational flow have a great relevance, especially in several relevant industrial applications. Film blowing, fiber spinning and foaming are some examples in which the polymer melt is subjected to elongational flow during processing. To gain a thorough knowledge of the material-processing behavior, the evaluation of the rheological properties of the polymers experiencing this kind of flow is fundamental. This paper reviews the main achievements regarding the processing-structure-properties relationships of polymer-based materials processed through different operations with dominating elongational flow. In particular, after a brief discussion on the theoretical features associated with the elongational flow and the differences with other flow regimes, the attention is focused on the rheological properties in elongation of the most industrially relevant polymers. Finally, the evolution of the morphology of homogeneous polymers, as well as of multiphase polymer-based systems, such as blends and micro- and nano-composites, subjected to the elongational flow is discussed, highlighting the potential and the unique characteristics of the processing operations based on elongation flow, as compared to their shear-dominated counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Arrigo
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (R.A.); (G.M.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giulio Malucelli
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (R.A.); (G.M.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo La Mantia
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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7
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Cui L, Dong Y, Liu Y, Fan S, Wang X, Li X. Crystal structure of uniaxially stretched bio‐based polyamide 510 films. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
| | - Yu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
| | - Yuejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
| | - Shuhong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
| | - Xionggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
| | - Xianggang Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou China
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8
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Towards high-performance all-polyethylene materials by a two-step processing strategy using two-roll mill. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Radiation, thermo-oxidative and storage induced changes in microstructure, crystallinity and dielectric properties of (un)oriented isotactic polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Razavi M, Zhang W, Khonakdar HA, Janke A, Li L, Wang SQ. Inducing nano-confined crystallization in PLLA and PET by elastic melt stretching. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:1457-1462. [PMID: 33538750 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02181d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Based on the widely studied poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) that are brittle in their fully crystalline form, this Letter shows that they can be made to be super ductile, heat resistant and optically clear by creating nano-sized crystals while preserving the entanglement network. Atomic force microscopic images confirm the perceived nano-confined crystallization. Time-resolved X-ray scattering/diffraction measurements reveal the emergence of cold crystallization during either stress relaxation from large stepwise melt-stretching or annealing of pre-melt-stretched PLLA and PET above Tg. Mechanical tests show that these polymers in such a new state are rigid even well above Tg, e.g., at 100 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Razavi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- National Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Hossein Ali Khonakdar
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, D-01067 Dresden, Germany and Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P. O. Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andreas Janke
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, D-01067 Dresden, Germany
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Shi-Qing Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
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11
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Influence of the Solidification Process on the Mechanical Properties of Solid-State Drawn PCL/Sepiolite Nanocomposite Tapes. FIBERS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/fib8110070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this research, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was melt-mixed with sepiolite nanoclays in a twin-screw extruder. In a subsequent step, the extruded films were drawn in the solid state to highly oriented nanocomposite films or tapes. A twin-screw extruder equipped with a Sultzer mixer for improved mixing in combination with a bench top drawing unit was used to prepare oriented nanocomposite tapes of different sepiolite loading and draw ratios. In order to study the influence of the solidification step on the drawability of the materials, different cooling procedures were applied prior to drawing. Optical microscopy images showed that slow or fast solidification using different chill rolls settings (open or closed) for the cast films resulted in different morphological conditions for subsequent drawing. The addition of sepiolite nanofillers led to nucleation and faster crystallization kinetics and oriented tapes which deformed by homogenous deformation rather than necking. The addition of sepiolite significantly improved the mechanical properties of both undrawn and drawn PCL tapes and Young’s modulus (1.5 GPa) and tensile strength (360 MPa) for composites based on 4 wt% sepiolite were among the highest ever reported for PCL nanocomposites. Interestingly, samples cooled with open chill rolls (slow crystallization) showed the highest modulus while solidification with closed rolls (fast crystallization) showed the highest tensile strength after drawing.
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12
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Flow-Induced Crystallization in Polyethylene: Effect of Flow Time on Development of Shish-Kebab. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112571. [PMID: 33147732 PMCID: PMC7693685 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The flow-induced formation and relaxation of the representative oriented shish-kebab structure were studied with synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) method. The flow duration was varied from 2 to 6 s at an identical strain rate to reveal the effect of flow time on stability and dimension of formed shish. It was found that the short flow time of 2 s was able to generate shish during flow, which, however, relaxed during the isothermal process after cessation of flow. An increase in flow time can improve the shish stability and the long flow time of 6 s can generate the stable shish that nucleate the growth of kebab lamellae. In addition, the quantitative analysis of SAXS results showed that with increasing flow time from 2 to 6 s, the shish length increased from 242 to 574 nm, while the shish diameter remained around 34 nm. This detailed information of the formed shish-kebab structure can be used to shed light on their evolution that occurred during flow from 2 to 6 s, where shish grew at a longitudinal speed of around 80 nm/s, and there was an improvement in the stability and nucleation capability for kebab lamellae.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Razavi
- Department of Polymer Science University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Shi‐Qing Wang
- Department of Polymer Science University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
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14
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Chu Z, Liu L, Liao Y, Li W, Zhao R, Ma Z, Li Y. Effects of strain rate and temperature on polymorphism in flow-induced crystallization of Poly(vinylidene fluoride). POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Polymorphic Transition of Pre-oriented Polybutene-1 under Tensile Deformation: In Situ FTIR Study. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Lin Y, Chen W, Meng L, Wang D, Li L. Recent advances in post-stretching processing of polymer films with in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray scattering. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:3599-3612. [PMID: 32232297 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02554e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The stretch-induced structural evolution mechanism is a long-standing scientific question in the post-stretching processing of polymer films. X-ray scattering, especially a combination of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS), provides a powerful method to study the hierarchical structure of polymer films. Recent advances in synchrotron radiation (SR) light sources and detection techniques allow one to measure the structural evolution of polymer films during post-stretching processing in real time with ultrahigh time resolution, which benefits the understanding on this topic. This review summarizes some recent investigations on post-stretching processing of polymer films, which combine in situ X-ray scattering techniques with purposely designed tensile apparatus in terms of three aspects: uniaxial stretching, biaxial stretching and stretching with chemical reactions. Concerning the polymer bulk, traditional deformation mechanisms like stretch-induced crystallization (SIC), crystal slipping, phase transition and melting-recrystallization are discussed for the uniaxial and biaxial post-stretching of polymer films. New deformation models have been developed to focus on the structural evolution on the length scale of lamellar stacks, which consider the potential microphase separation of the interlamellar amorphous phase and microbuckling. For solution systems, the coupled effects of the mechanical work from external force and the chemical potential from possible chemical reactions are taken into account for the structural evolution during stretching in solution. Roadmaps of structural and morphological evolution in the processing parameter space (i.e., temperature, stress, strain and the concentration of additive in the bath solution) are eventually constructed for precursor films. The accumulation of a structural evolution database for post-stretching processing of polymer films can be expected to provide a helpful guide for industrial processing for high-performance polymers in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfei Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. and South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Lingpu Meng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Daoliang Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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17
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Chen Q, Wang Z, Zhang S, Cao Y, Chen J. Structure Evolution and Deformation Behavior of Polyethylene Film during Biaxial Stretching. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:655-666. [PMID: 31956815 PMCID: PMC6964308 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The structure evolution and deformation behavior of tenter-frame biaxially oriented polyethylene (TF-BOPE) films were investigated in this study. For sequential biaxial stretching, the original spherulites were broken into small pieces, and the fibrillar structure simultaneously formed during the machine direction (MD) stretching. Subsequently, the single fibrils were pulled away, and some fine fibrils developed via partial melting-recrystallization or lamellar rearrangement during the transverse direction (TD) stretching, which leads to the formation of the vein structure and nanosized fiber-like network. For simultaneous biaxial stretching, the fractured lamellae and the newly formed crystals were evenly distributed in the MD-TD plane like an isotropous fibrillar network. Moreover, compared with the unstretched sample, both films could achieve up to about 2 times the tensile modulus and 4.5 times the tensile strength and also exhibited the superior optical property.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jinyao Chen
- E-mail: . Fax: +86-28-8540-6333.
Tel.: +86-28-8540-6333
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18
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Method and Mathematical Modeling of Formation of Gradually and Homogeneously Oriented Linear Polymers. INT J POLYM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/8132518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we developed several technical solutions for the conversion of isotropic polymers into materials of a new type—gradually oriented polymers with a gradient of physical and mechanical properties, thereby materializing for the first time the unused possibilities inherent in the polymeric nature of the substance. The scientific basis of these developments is the concept of a new structural state of linear polymers—a gradually oriented (stretched) state (GOS), the essence of which is set out briefly. An algorithm and a mathematical model for controlling the process of uniaxial, zonal stretching of linear polymers are proposed, which allow the formation of gradually or homogeneously oriented polymers (polymer composites). At the same time, specified values of quantitative parameters are ensured, in particular, the selected profile of distribution of the relative elongation (linear, sinusoidal, etc.) along the length of the gradually oriented polymer sample and the specified constant relative elongation along the length of the homogeneously oriented polymer. Mathematical expressions for calculating the conditions to obtain gradually oriented polymers with given geometric dimensions (length, width) and with a given distribution of relative elongation along the length of the resulting sample were also derived. The description of method and principles of operation of the appropriate device is given. Experimental data illustrating the possibilities of the proposed method and the efficiency of mathematical modeling are presented. The issues of creating functionally graded materials with a gradient of microstructure (gradient of degree of orientation/relative elongation) or chemical composition (volume fraction of functional fillers), respectively, based on thermoplastic polymer/copolymer or polymer composite (containing functional fillers) by method of uniaxial, zonal graded stretching are discussed.
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Razavi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Shi-Qing Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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20
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Chen Q, Chen D, Kang J, Cao Y, Chen J. Structure Evolution of Polyethylene in Sequential Biaxial Stretching along the First Tensile Direction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jian Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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21
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Xu Y, Kraemer D, Song B, Jiang Z, Zhou J, Loomis J, Wang J, Li M, Ghasemi H, Huang X, Li X, Chen G. Nanostructured polymer films with metal-like thermal conductivity. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1771. [PMID: 30992436 PMCID: PMC6467866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique properties, polymers - typically thermal insulators - can open up opportunities for advanced thermal management when they are transformed into thermal conductors. Recent studies have shown polymers can achieve high thermal conductivity, but the transport mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Here we report polyethylene films with a high thermal conductivity of 62 Wm-1 K-1, over two orders-of-magnitude greater than that of typical polymers (~0.1 Wm-1 K-1) and exceeding that of many metals and ceramics. Structural studies and thermal modeling reveal that the film consists of nanofibers with crystalline and amorphous regions, and the amorphous region has a remarkably high thermal conductivity, over ~16 Wm-1 K-1. This work lays the foundation for rational design and synthesis of thermally conductive polymers for thermal management, particularly when flexible, lightweight, chemically inert, and electrically insulating thermal conductors are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Daniel Kraemer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Modern Electron, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Bai Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhang Jiang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - James Loomis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Advanced Cooling Technologies, Inc., Lancaster, PA, 17601, USA
| | - Mingda Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hadi Ghasemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
| | - Xiaopeng Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- 2205 W Olive Way, Chandler, AZ, 85248, USA
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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22
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Yarysheva AY, Bagrov DV, Kechek'yan PA, Rukhlya EG, Bakirov AV, Yarysheva LM, Chvalun SN, Volynskii AL. Which way do fibrils disappear? POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Thermal Conductivity of Protein-Based Materials: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11030456. [PMID: 30960440 PMCID: PMC6473335 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous proteins such as silks have been used as textile and biomedical materials for decades due to their natural abundance, high flexibility, biocompatibility, and excellent mechanical properties. In addition, they also can avoid many problems related to traditional materials such as toxic chemical residues or brittleness. With the fast development of cutting-edge flexible materials and bioelectronics processing technologies, the market for biocompatible materials with extremely high or low thermal conductivity is growing rapidly. The thermal conductivity of protein films, which is usually on the order of 0.1 W/m·K, can be rather tunable as the value for stretched protein fibers can be substantially larger, outperforming that of many synthetic polymer materials. These findings indicate that the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer direction of protein-based materials can be finely controlled by manipulating their nano-scale structures. This review will focus on the structure of different fibrous proteins, such as silks, collagen and keratin, summarizing factors that can influence the thermal conductivity of protein-based materials and the different experimental methods used to measure their heat transfer properties.
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24
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Lafleur SSD, Shen L, Kamphuis EJTW, Houben SJA, Balzano L, Severn JR, Schenning APHJ, Bastiaansen CWM. Optical Patterns on Drawn Polyethylene by Direct Laser Writing. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1800811. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. D. Lafleur
- Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Lihua Shen
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA
| | | | - Simon J. A. Houben
- Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Cees W. M. Bastiaansen
- Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Queen MaryUniversity of London London E1 4NS UK
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25
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KIDA T, HIEJIMA Y, NITTA KH. Raman Spectroscopic Study of Microscopic Deformation Behavior of Crystalline Polyolefin Solids. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2018. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2018-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumitsu KIDA
- Division of Natural System, Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University
| | - Yusuke HIEJIMA
- School of Frontier Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University
| | - Koh-hei NITTA
- School of Frontier Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University
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26
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Chvalun S, Odarchenko Y, Meshchankina MY, Shcherbina М, Bessonova N, Deblieck R, Boerakker M, Remerie K, Litvinov V. Looking for the simplicity in polymer networks – Structure changes and comparative analysis of theoretical approaches to deformation of semi-crystalline polymers. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Shen L, Severn J, Bastiaansen CW. Drawing behavior and mechanical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene blends with a linear polyethylene wax. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Wu P, Yang Q, Zhao Z, Sun H, Zhang T, Huang Y, Liao X. Structure evolution and orientation mechanism of isotactic polypropylene during the two-stage solid die drawing process. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, the State Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, the State Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongguo Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, the State Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, the State Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Tongying Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, the State Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Yajiang Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, the State Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, the State Key Laboratory for Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
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29
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Wang L, Hikima Y, Ohshima M, Sekiguchi T, Yano H. Evolution of cellular morphologies and crystalline structures in high-expansion isotactic polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber nanocomposite foams. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15405-15416. [PMID: 35539453 PMCID: PMC9079998 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01833b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the development of cell morphology and crystalline microstructure of injection-molded isotactic polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber (PP/CNF) composite foams with 2-10-fold expansion ratios was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Compared with isotactic polypropylene (iPP) foams, the added CNF improved the cell morphology and resulted in a great reduction in cell size. Additionally, the PP lamella orientation and crystal type were notably altered during the core-back FIM process. As the expansion ratio increased, the original isotropic lamellae in the iPP foams were transformed into an oriented lamellar structure and then further transformed into a typical shish-kebab structure, while hybrid shish-kebab structures were simultaneously generated in the high-expansion PP/CNF nanocomposite foams. Accordingly, the highest content of β-crystals was observed in the low-expansion iPP foams. In contrast, the β-crystal content in PP/CNF composites decreased monotonously as the expansion ratio increased, which resulted from the combined effects of CNF's nucleating ability for α-crystals and the more dominant extensional flow effect assisted by the added CNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University A4 Building, B1 Floor, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yuta Hikima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University A4 Building, B1 Floor, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohshima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University A4 Building, B1 Floor, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Yano
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humano-sphere, Kyoto University Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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31
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Effect of initial polypropylene structure on its deformation via crazing mechanism in a liquid medium. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Tsinas Z, Forster AL, Al-Sheikhly M. Oxidation Reactions in Kink Banded Regions of UHMMPE Fiber-Based Laminates Used in Body Armor: A Mechanistic Study. Polym Degrad Stab 2018; 154. [PMID: 30996496 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the synergy between the thermo-mechanical and humidity induced degradation as well as the oxidation reactions in the kink-banded areas of ultra-high molar mass polyethylene (UHMMPE) fiber-based laminates used in body armor. For aged materials, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results reveal high concentrations of oxygen containing products, and the EPR results demonstrate the presence of the peroxyl radicals (RO2 • ) in the kink-banded areas. After one year of dark ambient storage, very long-lived RO2 • radicals were observed primarily in the samples exposed to ageing conditions of elevated temperatures, humidity, and mechanical stress. The total percentage of crystallinity, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry, of the kinkbanded fibers was unchanged, indicating that the degradation occurs primarily in the amorphous region, and may also involve recrystallization processes of the degraded chains. However, the most abundant orthorhombic crystalline phase decreases from 77 % to 70 %. This decrease in the orthorhombic structure leads to more diffusion of oxygen into the kink-banded region, enhancing the oxidation processes. No changes are observed in the monoclinic phase of the kinked fibers, which remained constant and constituted ~2 % of the total crystallinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zois Tsinas
- Materials Science and Engineering Department of University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Amanda L Forster
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
- Materials Science and Engineering Department of University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Wang Z, Ju J, Meng L, Tian N, Chang J, Yang H, Ji Y, Su F, Li L. Structural and morphological transitions in extension-induced crystallization of poly(1-butene) melt. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:3639-3648. [PMID: 28447701 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00107j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Structural and morphological transitions of flow-induced crystallization (FIC) in poly(1-butene) (PB-1) melt have been studied by combining extensional rheology and in situ synchrotron radiation ultrafast wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (WAXD/SAXS) measurements. Unexpectedly, metastable Form III is crystallized directly from the PB-1 melt by high-speed extension, which has a short lifetime of several tens of milliseconds and manifests the thermodynamic and kinetic competition among Form III, Form II and melt under flow. Relative crystallinity evolution of Form II after extension reveals a crystal melting dominated process within the observation time of 120 s even under high supercooling. This is opposite to the common case of FIC but supports the idea that flow alters the obtained crystal size and its thermodynamic stability. Additionally, a morphological transition from a flow-induced network to shish is observed by SAXS with increasing extension temperature from below to above the melting point of Form II. With above observations, we construct nonequilibrium structural and morphological diagrams of FIC in strain rate-temperature space, which may guide the industrial processing of the PB-1 material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Jianzhu Ju
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Lingpu Meng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Nan Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jiarui Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Haoran Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Youxin Ji
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Fengmei Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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34
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Ma P, Yu Q, Shen T, Dong W, Chen M. Strong synergetic effect of fibril-like nucleator and shear flow on the melt crystallization of poly( l -lactide). Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Preparation of High Modulus Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate): Influence of Molecular Weight, Extrusion, and Drawing Parameters. INT J POLYM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/2781425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) which is one of the most commercially important polymers, has for many years been an interesting candidate for the production of high performance fibres and tapes. In current study, we focus on investigating the effects of the various processing variables on the mechanical properties of PET produced by a distinctive process of melt spinning and uniaxial two-stage solid-state drawing (SSD). These processing variables include screw rotation speed during extrusion, fibre take-up speed, molecular weight, draw-ratio, and drawing temperature. As-spun PET production using a single-screw extrusion process was first optimized to induce an optimal polymer microstructure for subsequent drawing processes. It was found that less crystallization which occurred during this process would lead to better drawability, higher draw-ratio, and mechanical properties in the subsequent SSD process. Then the effect of drawing temperature (DT) in uniaxial two-stage SSD process was studied to understand how DT (<Tg or close to Tg or close to Trec) would affect the crystallization, draw-ratio, and final mechanical properties of PET. The designed process in current work is simulated to an industrial production process for PET fibres; therefore, results and analysis in this paper have significant importance for industrial production.
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36
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Shen T, Ma P, Yu Q, Dong W, Chen M. The Effect of Thermal History on the Fast Crystallization of Poly(l-Lactide) with Soluble-Type Nucleators and Shear Flow. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E431. [PMID: 30974706 PMCID: PMC6432256 DOI: 10.3390/polym8120431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The N₁,N₁'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N₂-phenyloxalamide) (OXA) is a soluble-type nucleator with a dissolving temperature of 230 °C in poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) matrix. The effect of thermal history and shear flow on the crystallization behavior of the PLLA/OXA samples was investigated by rheometry, polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystallization process of the PLLA/OXA-240 sample (i.e., pre-melted at 240 °C) was significantly promoted by applying a shear flow, e.g., the onset crystallization time (tonset) of the PLLA at 155 °C was reduced from 1600 to 200 s after shearing at 0.4 rad/s for even as short as 1.0 s, while the crystallinity (Xc) was increased to 40%. Moreover, the tonset of the PLLA/OXA-240 sample is 60%⁻80% lower than that of the PLLA/OXA-200 sample (i.e., pre-melted at 200 °C) with a total shear angle of 2 rad, indicating a much higher crystallization rate of the PLLA/OXA-240 sample. A better organization and uniformity of OXA fibrils can be obtained due to a complete pre-dissolution in the PLLA matrix followed by shear and oscillation treatments. The well dispersed OXA fibrils and flow-induced chain orientation are mainly responsible for the fast crystallization of the PLLA/OXA-240 samples. In addition, the shear flow created some disordered α'-form crystals in the PLLA/OXA samples regardless of the thermal history (200 or 240 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qingqing Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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37
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Strain and temperature dependence of deformation mechanism of lamellar stacks in HDPE and its guidance on microporous membrane preparation. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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38
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Wang L, Dong X, Huang M, Wang D. Transient microstructure in long alkane segment polyamide: Deformation mechanism and its temperature dependence. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Fluoropolymer microstructure and dynamics: Influence of molecular orientation induced by uniaxial drawing. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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Niu B, Chen JB, Chen J, Ji X, Zhong GJ, Li ZM. Crystallization of linear low density polyethylene on an in situ oriented isotactic polypropylene substrate manipulated by an extensional flow field. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01433f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Kang J, Li X, Xiong B, Liu D, Chen J, Yang F, Cao Y, Xiang M. Investigation on the Tensile Behavior and Morphology Evolution of Isotactic Polypropylene Films Polymerized with Different Ziegler-Natta Catalysts. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Functional Organic Molecules; College of Environment and Biological Engineering; Chongqing Technology and Business University; Chongqing 400067 People's Republic of China
| | - Bijin Xiong
- Laboratoire MATEIS; INSA de Lyon-CNRS-UMR5510; Universite de Lyon; Batiment Blaise Pascal; Campus de la Doua; 69621 Villeurbanne France
| | - Dongming Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering; Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jinyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
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42
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Xiong B, Lame O, Chenal JM, Rochas C, Seguela R, Vigier G. Temperature-Microstructure Mapping of the Initiation of the Plastic Deformation Processes in Polyethylene via In Situ WAXS and SAXS. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijin Xiong
- MATEIS, UMR 5510 CNRS - INSA de Lyon, Batiment, Blaise Pascal, Campus LyonTech La Doua, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - O. Lame
- MATEIS, UMR 5510 CNRS - INSA de Lyon, Batiment, Blaise Pascal, Campus LyonTech La Doua, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J.-M. Chenal
- MATEIS, UMR 5510 CNRS - INSA de Lyon, Batiment, Blaise Pascal, Campus LyonTech La Doua, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - C. Rochas
- CERMAV, UPR 5301 CNRS, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - R. Seguela
- MATEIS, UMR 5510 CNRS - INSA de Lyon, Batiment, Blaise Pascal, Campus LyonTech La Doua, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - G. Vigier
- MATEIS, UMR 5510 CNRS - INSA de Lyon, Batiment, Blaise Pascal, Campus LyonTech La Doua, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
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43
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Li K, Xiong B, Cao Y. Influence of temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of stretched polypropylene. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Bijin Xiong
- Laboratoire MATEIS, INSA de Lyon, Bat. Blaise Pascal; 69621 Villeurbanne France
| | - Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
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44
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Qin Y, Xu Y, Zhang L, Zheng G, Dai K, Liu C, Yan X, Guo J, Guo Z. Shear-induced interfacial sheath structure in isotactic polypropylene/glass fiber composites. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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46
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Kang J, Miyoshi T. Two Chain-Packing Transformations and Their Effects on the Molecular Dynamics and Thermal Properties of α-Form Isotactic Poly(propylene) under Hot Drawing: A Solid-State NMR Study. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5004369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Kang
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Toshikazu Miyoshi
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
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47
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Fu L, Jiang Z, Enderle HF, Lilge D, Wu Z, Funari SS, Men Y. Stretching temperature and direction dependency of uniaxial deformation mechanism in overstretched polyethylene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianlian Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Renmin Street 5625 130022 Changchun People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Renmin Street 5625 130022 Changchun People's Republic of China
| | | | - Dieter Lilge
- Basell Polyolefine GmbH; R&D, A LyondellBasell Company; 65926 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- BSRF Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 People's Republic of China
| | | | - Yongfeng Men
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Renmin Street 5625 130022 Changchun People's Republic of China
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48
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Wei Z, Lun R, Lou X, Tian F, Lin J, Li X, Yu J, Li F. Lamellae evolution of poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) copolymer induced by uniaxial stretching and subsequent heating. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12117a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural evolution of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) copolymer was investigated during the uniaxial stretching and following heating processes via in situ small-angle X-ray scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- China
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
| | - Ruixin Lun
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- China
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
| | - Xueqin Lou
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- China
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
| | - Feng Tian
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jinyou Lin
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xiuhong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Modern Textile Institute
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Faxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- China
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
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49
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Chen J, Yan Y, Sun T, Qi Y, Li X. Deformation and fracture behaviors of microporous polymer separators for lithium ion batteries. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00983e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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50
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