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van Diepeningen AD, Engelmoer DJP, Sellem CH, Huberts DHEW, Slakhorst SM, Sainsard-Chanet A, Zwaan BJ, Hoekstra RF, Debets AJM. Does autophagy mediate age-dependent effect of dietary restriction responses in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:20130447. [PMID: 24864315 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a well-conserved catabolic process, involving the degradation of a cell's own components through the lysosomal/vacuolar machinery. Autophagy is typically induced by nutrient starvation and has a role in nutrient recycling, cellular differentiation, degradation and programmed cell death. Another common response in eukaryotes is the extension of lifespan through dietary restriction (DR). We studied a link between DR and autophagy in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina, a multicellular model organism for ageing studies and mitochondrial deterioration. While both carbon and nitrogen restriction extends lifespan in P. anserina, the size of the effect varied with the amount and type of restricted nutrient. Natural genetic variation for the DR response exists. Whereas a switch to carbon restriction up to halfway through the lifetime resulted in extreme lifespan extension for wild-type P. anserina, all autophagy-deficient strains had a shorter time window in which ageing could be delayed by DR. Under nitrogen limitation, only PaAtg1 and PaAtg8 mediate the effect of lifespan extension; the other autophagy-deficient mutants PaPspA and PaUth1 had a similar response as wild-type. Our results thus show that the ageing process impinges on the DR response and that this at least in part involves the genetic regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne D van Diepeningen
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniël J P Engelmoer
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carole H Sellem
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR2167, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Daphne H E W Huberts
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Marijke Slakhorst
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Sainsard-Chanet
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR2167, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Bas J Zwaan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf F Hoekstra
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons J M Debets
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Baidyaroy D, Hausner G, Fulbright DW, Bertrand H. Mitochondrial plasmid-like elements in some hypovirulent strains of Cryphonectria parasitica. Fungal Genet Biol 2011; 48:764-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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van Diepeningen AD, Maas MFPM, Huberts DHEW, Goedbloed DJ, Engelmoer DJP, Slakhorst SM, Koopmanschap AB, Krause F, Dencher NA, Sellem CH, Sainsard-Chanet A, Hoekstra RF, Debets AJM. Calorie restriction causes healthy life span extension in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina. Mech Ageing Dev 2009; 131:60-8. [PMID: 20026344 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although most fungi appear to be immortal, some show systemic senescence within a distinct time frame. Podospora anserina for example shows an irreversible growth arrest within weeks of culturing associated with a destabilization of the mitochondrial genome. Here, we show that calorie restriction (CR), a regimen of under-nutrition without malnutrition, increases not only life span but also forestalls the aging-related decline in fertility. Similar to respiratory chain deficiencies the life span extension is associated with lower levels of intracellular H(2)O(2) measurements and a stabilization of the mitochondrial genome. Unlike respiratory chain deficiencies, CR cultures have a wild-type-like OXPHOS machinery similar to that of well-fed cultures as shown by native electrophoresis of mitochondrial protein complexes. Together, these data indicate that life span extension via CR is fundamentally different from that via respiratory chain mutations: Whereas the latter can be seen as a pathology, the former promotes healthy life span extension and may be an adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne D van Diepeningen
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703BD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Laquel-Robert P, Castroviejo M. Stimulation of a mitochondrial endo-exonuclease from Podospora anserina by PCNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 303:713-20. [PMID: 12659877 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In Podospora anserina we have described the purification of an endo-exonuclease (Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1574 (1) (2002) 72). Given the description of several nucleases addressed to the mitochondria and known to interact with the PCNA, we sought a possible effect of PCNA on the mt nuclease. A significant stimulation of the nuclease activity with PCNA was observed with double-stranded and flap structure DNA. Immuno-Western blotting experiments realized with monoclonal antibodies raised against the PCNA specifically revealed the presence of a single band of 30 kDa in the mitochondria from the filamentous fungus and yeast. A potential PCNA binding motif was found in the sequences of several mt nucleases and mt proteins involved in the maintenance of the mt DNA with respect to the consensus described by Warbrick. The hypothetical role of the PCNA as a potential regulator of the repair/recombination processes in the maintenance of the mt genome is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Laquel-Robert
- Laboratoire Réplication et expression des génomes eucaryotes et rétroviraux, UMR 50 97, Centre National de la recherche scientifique, Bâtiment 3A 3rd étage, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Osiewacz HD, Borghouts C. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and aging in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 908:31-9. [PMID: 10911945 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06633.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina, mitochondrial oxidative stress is a major contributor to aging. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated as a result of electron leakage during respiration lead to damage of components of the electron transport chain. In aging wild-type cultures, damaged proteins cannot be replaced because the mitochondrial genes encoding some of the corresponding subunits gradually become deleted from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Consequently, these defects result in an increased generation of reactive oxygen species and respiration deficits leading to cell death. Analyses of wild-type strains and of different long-lived mutants of P. anserina provide strong evidence that molecular mechanisms controlling aging processes in this fungus are complex and act at different levels. A basic mechanism (e.g., damage by ROS) appears to be overlaid by prominent instabilities of the mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Osiewacz
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Botanisches Institut, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Begel O, Boulay J, Albert B, Dufour E, Sainsard-Chanet A. Mitochondrial group II introns, cytochrome c oxidase, and senescence in Podospora anserina. Mol Cell Biol 1999; 19:4093-100. [PMID: 10330149 PMCID: PMC104368 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.19.6.4093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Podospora anserina is a filamentous fungus with a limited life span. It expresses a degenerative syndrome called senescence, which is always associated with the accumulation of circular molecules (senDNAs) containing specific regions of the mitochondrial chromosome. A mobile group II intron (alpha) has been thought to play a prominent role in this syndrome. Intron alpha is the first intron of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COX1). Mitochondrial mutants that escape the senescence process are missing this intron, as well as the first exon of the COX1 gene. We describe here the first mutant of P. anserina that has the alpha sequence precisely deleted and whose cytochrome c oxidase activity is identical to that of wild-type cells. The integration site of the intron is slightly modified, and this change prevents efficient homing of intron alpha. We show here that this mutant displays a senescence syndrome similar to that of the wild type and that its life span is increased about twofold. The introduction of a related group II intron into the mitochondrial genome of the mutant does not restore the wild-type life span. These data clearly demonstrate that intron alpha is not the specific senescence factor but rather an accelerator or amplifier of the senescence process. They emphasize the role that intron alpha plays in the instability of the mitochondrial chromosome and the link between this instability and longevity. Our results strongly support the idea that in Podospora, "immortality" can be acquired not by the absence of intron alpha but rather by the lack of active cytochrome c oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Begel
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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