[Cholecystokinin (CCK). Physiology and clinical use]

Comparative molecular field analysis of CCK-A antagonists using field-fit as an alignment technique. A convenient guide to design new CCK-A ligands

Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) has been used as a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) method to correlate the affinities of several antagonists towards CCK-A receptors with their steric and electrostatic fields. In this publication, we describe, for the first time, a field-fit operation as an alignment technique. These results could serve as a guide for the design of new non-peptide antagonists.

[Liver cirrhosis and duodenogastric reflux--on the problem of the hepatogenic ulcer]

Patients suffering from liver cirrhosis and patients showing no signs of liver or stomach disease (control group) were quantitatively examined for duodenogastric reflux. The duodenogastric reflux was measured by means of bile tracers. The bile tracer used in this study was the tricarbocyanin dye indocyningreen (ICG). The intra-gastric concentration of ICG was photometrically measured after gastric acid was suctioned through a stomach tube. The duodenogastric reflux was calculated in percent in terms of the infused and the biliary secreted ICG amount respectively. Bromthalein was used as an additional tracer in order to control the efficiency of peptic acid removal. A total of 15 patients suffering from liver cirrhosis and 6 patients who showed no signs of stomach or liver disease (control group) were examined. The patients with liver disease showed a reflux of 2.85% +/- 0.76%, the control group (n = 6) showed a reflux of 0.45% +/- 0.39%. The difference is statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Bromthalein aspiration by all patients with liver cirrhosis was 87.95 +/- 2.78% of the amount infused.

[Quantification of duodenogastric reflux in patients with different gastric resections (author's transl)]

The duodenogastric reflux was measured quantitatively in patients with classic gastric resections (Billroth I, Billroth II with and without enteroanastomosis) as well as in patients without gastric operations. A total of 43 patients with gastric resection and 6 without gastric operation were studied. Patients operated according to B II without Braun's enteroanastomosis (n = 10) had a bile reflux of 50.4 +/- 4.1% (SEM) during the study. Patients having been operated according to B II- and Braun's-enteroanastomosis (n = 15) and those having undergone B I-operation (n = 17) had a duodenogastric reflux of 21.5 +/- 3.7% (SEM) and 23.1 +/- 3.5% (SEM), respectively. In 6 control subjects without gastric operation bile reflux into the stomach averaged 0.5 +/- 0.4% (SEM).