1
|
Sahu SR, Thakur S, Peroumal D, Utkalaja BG, Dutta A, Kumari P, Subhadarsini I, Acharya N. 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide induces immune cells death to onset early immunosuppression during oral squamous cell carcinoma development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274519. [PMID: 37936711 PMCID: PMC10626482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4-NQO) and its derivatives react with genomic DNA to form stable quinolone monoadducts, which are highly mutagenic and genotoxic. While the chronic high-dose exposure of epithelial cells to a carcinogen such as 4-NQO leads to tumor development, its effect on other cells has not been explored yet. Since the immunosuppression due to aberrant immunological profile is recognized as a significant cause in tumors, here we determine the interaction between 4-NQO and immune cells both in vivo and in vitro, and its effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression in a murine model. Immune cell profiling of the spleen and peripheral blood revealed a significant decrease in the B-cell population in 4-NQO-exposed mice than the untreated group. Additionally, γδ T and CD5+ B lymphocyte populations decreased at both pre- and post-cancerous stages of OSCC. These results suggested that 4-NQO induced tumor transition from pre-malignant lesions to OSCC by altering certain immune cells systemically. Next, to establish the effect of 4-NQO on immune cells, human B- and T-cell lines were subjected to 4-NQO; the reduction in cell viability, increase in DNA damage response marker, and induction of apoptosis were more pronounced in B than T cells. Altogether, our results indicated that in addition to the genotoxicity of oral epithelial cells, 4-NQO potentiates long-range effects on specific immune cells to induce cell death to cause very-early immunosuppressive response during oral carcinogenesis, and thus immunosuppression and tumor development are coevolved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satya Ranjan Sahu
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Shweta Thakur
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Doureradjou Peroumal
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Bhabasha Gyanadeep Utkalaja
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Abinash Dutta
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Premlata Kumari
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Ipsita Subhadarsini
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Narottam Acharya
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Afzal SM, Shareef MZ, Kishan V. Transferrin tagged lipid nanoemulsion of docetaxel for enhanced tumor targeting. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
3
|
Afzal SM, Shareef MZ, Dinesh T, Kishan V. Folate-PEG-decorated docetaxel lipid nanoemulsion for improved antitumor activity. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2171-84. [PMID: 27463694 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a folate-based docetaxel lipid nanoemulsion (FLNE) for tumor-targeted treatment. MATERIALS & METHODS The docetaxel LNEs were prepared and characterized. In vitro cytotoxic and cell uptake studies were performed. The tissue distribution and targeting of drug were studied by fluorescence imaging and tumor regression in mice. RESULTS The IC50 values of FLNE on cancer cells were significant. The cell uptake studies showed an increase in fluorescence with time. Imaging studies found that FLNE was superior in tumor targeting by 4.81- and 2.08-fold over controls. The tumor regression proved the superiority of FLNEs. CONCLUSION The folate strategy was superior over PEGylation, albumin and transferrin strategies. The study demonstrated great potential of FLNE as a prospective targeted delivery system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muzammil Afzal
- Nanotechnology Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana 506009, India
| | - Mohammad Zubair Shareef
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana 506009, India
| | - Tummuri Dinesh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Veerabrahma Kishan
- Nanotechnology Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana 506009, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feasibility of Primary Tumor Culture Models and Preclinical Prediction Assays for Head and Neck Cancer: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:1716-42. [PMID: 26343729 PMCID: PMC4586791 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7030858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary human tumor culture models allow for individualized drug sensitivity testing and are therefore a promising technique to achieve personalized treatment for cancer patients. This would especially be of interest for patients with advanced stage head and neck cancer. They are extensively treated with surgery, usually in combination with high-dose cisplatin chemoradiation. However, adding cisplatin to radiotherapy is associated with an increase in severe acute toxicity, while conferring only a minor overall survival benefit. Hence, there is a strong need for a preclinical model to identify patients that will respond to the intended treatment regimen and to test novel drugs. One of such models is the technique of culturing primary human tumor tissue. This review discusses the feasibility and success rate of existing primary head and neck tumor culturing techniques and their corresponding chemo- and radiosensitivity assays. A comprehensive literature search was performed and success factors for culturing in vitro are debated, together with the actual value of these models as preclinical prediction assay for individual patients. With this review, we aim to fill a gap in the understanding of primary culture models from head and neck tumors, with potential importance for other tumor types as well.
Collapse
|
5
|
Muzammil Afzal S, Naidu VGM, Harishankar N, Kishan V. Albumin anchored docetaxel lipid nanoemulsion for improved targeting efficiency – preparation, characterization, cytotoxic, antitumor and in vivo imaging studies. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:1355-63. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muzammil Afzal
- Nanotechnology Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, India,
| | - V. G. M Naidu
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, India, and
| | - N. Harishankar
- National Center for Laboratory Animal Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - Veerabrahma Kishan
- Nanotechnology Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, India,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin W, Zhang X, Chen Z, Borson N, Voss S, Sanderson S, Murphy L, Wettstein P, Strome SE. Development and immunophenotyping of squamous cell carcinoma xenografts: tools for translational immunology. Laryngoscope 2005; 115:1154-62. [PMID: 15995500 DOI: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000165368.81032.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The objectives of this study were to delineate methods for the development of primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) xenografts and to define human leukocyte antigen (HLA), melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE)-A3, and human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 antigenic expression in resultant cellular products. STUDY DESIGN Prospective experimental model. METHODS Freshly isolated SCCHN xenografts were established in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice using a variety of methods. Resultant tumors were analyzed for expression patterns of HLA-A, MAGE-A3, and HPV 16. Appropriate controls were included to ensure the presence of human RNA. RESULTS Three xenografts were successfully established and passaged in vivo. Characterization of the resultant products revealed that one was positive for HLA-A2 at both the DNA and protein levels. One of the tumor lines expressed MAGE-A3, whereas none expressed HPV 16. CONCLUSIONS Freshly isolated SCCHN can be used to generate primary xenografts. Characterization of select patterns of protein expression in established xenografts is a precursor to the development of a mouse model for SCCHN using tumor bearing animals reconstituted with autologous patient leukocytes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor/pathology
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/immunology
- HLA-A2 Antigen/genetics
- HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunophenotyping/methods
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Neoplasm Transplantation/immunology
- Neoplasm Transplantation/pathology
- Papillomaviridae/genetics
- Papillomaviridae/immunology
- Prospective Studies
- RNA
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/immunology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Meissner M, Reichert TE, Kunkel M, Gooding W, Whiteside TL, Ferrone S, Seliger B. Defects in the human leukocyte antigen class I antigen processing machinery in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: association with clinical outcome. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:2552-60. [PMID: 15814633 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigen defects, which are frequently present in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells may provide the tumor with an escape mechanism from immune surveillance. Scanty information is available about mechanisms underlying HLA class I antigen defects in both lesions and cell lines from HNSCC. In this study, we investigate the role of antigen processing machinery (APM) component abnormalities in the generation of deficient HLA class I surface expression of HNSCC cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR analyses we correlated the expression of the IFN-gamma inducible proteasome subunits and of the peptide transporter TAP with that of HLA class I antigens in biopsies and cell lines from primary, recurrent, and metastatic HNSCC. Furthermore, APM component and HLA class I antigen expression in surgically removed lesions were correlated with the course of the disease in order to assess the clinical significance of deficient expression of these molecules. RESULTS A high frequency of LMP2, LMP7, and TAP1 down-regulation or loss was found in tumor lesions and cell lines obtained from HNSCC cancer patients. These defects could be corrected by incubating cells with IFN-gamma. Furthermore, LMP2, LMP7, TAP1, TAP2, and HLA class I antigen expression rates in primary HNSCC lesions were found to predict overall survival. Lastly, the level of LMP7 expression was significantly associated with disease recurrence at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the analysis of APM component expression in HNSCC lesions can provide useful prognostic information in patients with HNSCC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/analysis
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics
- Adult
- Aged
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/analysis
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/genetics
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- HLA Antigens/analysis
- HLA Antigens/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/analysis
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Multienzyme Complexes/analysis
- Multienzyme Complexes/genetics
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Meissner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gannot G, Buchner A, Keisari Y. Interaction between the immune system and tongue squamous cell carcinoma induced by 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide in mice. Oral Oncol 2004; 40:287-97. [PMID: 14747060 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2003.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (SCC) accounts for 3% of cancers in the western world and 40% of cancers in India. The overall 5-year survival rate is only 50%. Most of the lesions appear intra-orally on the tongue. Results from a previous study demonstrated a significant increase in T and B-lymphocytes under the transformed epithelium when examining human lesions of hyperkeratosis, dysplasia and carcinoma of the tongue. In order to investigate the interaction between the host immunity and SCC, carcinogen induced SCC of the tongue was studied in mice. The water-soluble carcinogen, 4 nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO), was applied to BALB/c mice tongues and produced tongue SCC after a long incubation period of several months. Immunologic properties were examined systemically in the spleens and locally, at the tumor site. Examination of spleen lymphocytes from 4NQO induced mice revealed enlargement of the spleens and a significant decrease in the CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD19 cells. In the tongues, expression of TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF, and IL-1 beta mRNA were detected. TNF-alpha protein was detected in the affected tongues using immunoassays. mRNA expression of TNF-alpha was detected in the cancerous epithelium when extracted from the connective tissue. CD11b and CD3 cells were detected in the connective tissue under the developing carcinoma. CD11b positive cells were more prominent. The infiltrate was very scattered and not prominent as the infiltrate in the human tongue tissues. These results indicate that the growing tumor affected the immune response around the tumor and systemically. Most of the cytokines, which appeared in the affected tongues, originated from the tumor surroundings, but TNF-alpha was found also in the tumor. The interaction between the tumor and immune response components is important for diagnosis and treatment purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gallya Gannot
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kerrebijn JD, Balm AJ, Freeman JL, Dosch HM, Drexhage HA. Who is in control of the immune system in head and neck cancer? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 1999; 31:31-53. [PMID: 10532189 DOI: 10.1016/s1040-8428(99)00011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J D Kerrebijn
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Young MR, Wright MA, Lozano Y, Matthews JP, Benefield J, Prechel MM. Mechanisms of immune suppression in patients with head and neck cancer: influence on the immune infiltrate of the cancer. Int J Cancer 1996; 67:333-8. [PMID: 8707405 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19960729)67:3<333::aid-ijc5>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Freshly excised human head and neck cancers (219 primary cancers; 64 metastatic lymph node cancers) were analyzed for the immune inhibitory mediators released from the cancer tissues and the immune infiltrate within the tumor. Significant levels of the immune inhibitory mediators transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were released from these cancers. Also released was granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), whose secretion was associated with an intratumoral presence of CD34+ cells. We have previously shown that CD34+ cells within human head and neck cancers are immune inhibitory granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells. The presence of TGF-beta, PGE2 and IL-10 was associated with a reduced content of CD8+ T-cells within the cancers. The CD4+ cell content appeared to be less affected by these immune inhibitory mediators. Instead, parameters indicative of CD4+ cell function (p55 IL-2 receptor expression, release of IL-2 and IFN-gamma) were diminished in cancers that released higher levels of TGF-beta, IL-10 and GM-CSF and had a higher CD34+ cell content. Furthermore, metastatic cancers released higher levels of the soluble immune inhibitory mediators and lower levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2 than did primary cancers, although CD34+ cells were similarly present in both primary and metastatic cancers. Our results show that human head and neck cancers have a multiplicity of non-mutually exclusive mechanisms of immune suppression that are most prominently associated with reduced CD8+ cell influx and reduced influx and altered function of intratumoral CD4+ cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Young
- Research Service, Hines VA Hospital, IL 60141, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Taitz A, Petruzzelli GJ, Lozano Y, Shankar R, Young MR. Bi-directional stimulation of adherence to extracellular matrix components by human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells and endothelial cells. Cancer Lett 1995; 96:253-60. [PMID: 7585465 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(95)03939-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cultures were established from two patients to determine if cancer and endothelial cells bi-directionally regulate their adherence to extracellular matrix components (ECM), an important process for tumor vascularization and metastasis. Soluble products from endothelial cells transiently enhanced adherence by HNSCC to ECM and increased surface levels of beta 1 and beta 4 integrins, although not beta 3. HNSCC products enhanced endothelial cell adherence to fibronectin and laminin, and beta 1 and beta 4 expression. These data show bi-directional enhancement of adherence to ECM and integrin expression among endothelial and tumor cells, which may facilitate metastasis and neovascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Taitz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|