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Zimmermann M, Meier TNG, Dirnberger F, Kákay A, Decker M, Wintz S, Finizio S, Josten E, Raabe J, Kronseder M, Bougeard D, Lindner J, Back CH. Origin and Manipulation of Stable Vortex Ground States in Permalloy Nanotubes. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2828-2834. [PMID: 29620910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed study on the static magnetic properties of individual permalloy nanotubes (NTs) with hexagonal cross-sections. Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) measurements and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) are used to investigate their magnetic ground states and its stability. We find that the magnetization in zero applied magnetic field is in a very stable vortex state. Its origin is attributed to a strong growth-induced anisotropy with easy axis perpendicular to the long axis of the tubes. AMR measurements of individual NTs in combination with micromagnetic simulations allow the determination of the magnitude of the growth-induced anisotropy for different types of NT coatings. We show that the strength of the anisotropy can be controlled by introducing a buffer layer underneath the magnetic layer. The magnetic ground states depend on the external magnetic field history and are directly imaged using STXM. Stable vortex domains can be introduced by external magnetic fields and can be erased by radio-frequency magnetic fields applied at the center of the tubes via a strip line antenna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zimmermann
- Physics Department , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany
| | | | - Florian Dirnberger
- Physics Department , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany
| | - Attila Kákay
- Helmholtz-Zentrum, Dresden Rossendorf , Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Material Research , Bautzner Landstraße 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
| | - Martin Decker
- Physics Department , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany
| | - Sebastian Wintz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum, Dresden Rossendorf , Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Material Research , Bautzner Landstraße 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
- Paul Scherrer Institut , 5232 Villigen , Switzerland
| | | | - Elisabeth Josten
- Helmholtz-Zentrum, Dresden Rossendorf , Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Material Research , Bautzner Landstraße 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
| | - Jörg Raabe
- Paul Scherrer Institut , 5232 Villigen , Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kronseder
- Physics Department , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany
| | - Dominique Bougeard
- Physics Department , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany
| | - Jürgen Lindner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum, Dresden Rossendorf , Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Material Research , Bautzner Landstraße 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
| | - Christian Horst Back
- Physics Department , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany
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ABELMANN L, TEN BERGE P, LODDER C, POPMA T. Oblique evaporation of CO 80Ni 20 part I: Fixed angle of vapour incidence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.3379/jmsjmag.18.s1_291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cock LODDER
- MESA Research Institute, University of Twente
| | - Theo POPMA
- MESA Research Institute, University of Twente
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