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Bolshakov V, Prokin A, Pavlov D, Akkizov A, Movergoz E. Karyotypes and COI Gene Sequences of Chironomus sp. Le1 (Kiknadze and Salova, 1996), Ch. laetus (Belyanina and Filinkova, 1996) and Their Hybrid from the Yamal Peninsula, Arctic Zone of Russia. INSECTS 2022; 13:1112. [PMID: 36555022 PMCID: PMC9784555 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study of the biological diversity of the Arctic zone yields intriguing results. Initial research on the lakes of the Yamal Peninsula resulted in the identification of Chironomus laetus and the hybrid Ch. laetus × Ch. sp. Le1. To avoid misidentification, we used morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic approaches. By cytogenetics, in Ch. sp. Le1, seven banding sequences were found: Le1A1, Le1B1, Le1C1, Le1D1, Le1E1, Le1F1, and Le1G1. The karyotype of Ch. laetus was mapped for the first time; it is the first species with the arm combinations AE BC DF G. We propose the name of a new cytocomplex-"laetus". DNA-barcoding of the COI gene was carried out for Ch. laetus and Ch. laetus × Ch. sp. Le1 for the first time. The estimated genetic distance between the sequences of Ch. laetus and Ch. riihimakiensis is 2.3-2.5%. The high similarity in morphology, banding sequences, and the possibility of hybridization indicate a close relationship between Ch. laetus and Ch. sp. Le1, which is assumed to be the northern variant of Ch. riihimakiensis. Molecular genetic data suggests the presence of a subgroup with Ch. laetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Bolshakov
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Yaroslavl reg., Nekouz prov., Borok 152742, Russia
| | - Alexander Prokin
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Yaroslavl reg., Nekouz prov., Borok 152742, Russia
- Ecological-Analytical Laboratory, Cherepovets State University, Lunacharski 5, Cherepovets 162600, Russia
| | - Dmitry Pavlov
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Yaroslavl reg., Nekouz prov., Borok 152742, Russia
| | - Azamat Akkizov
- Department of Biology, Geoecology and Molecular Genetic Foundations of Living Systems, Kabardino-Balkarian State University Named after H. M. Berbekov, Chernyshevsky St., 173, Nalchik 360004, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Movergoz
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Yaroslavl reg., Nekouz prov., Borok 152742, Russia
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Bolshakov VV, Prokin AA, Artemenko SV. Karyotype and COI gene sequence of Chironomusheteropilicornis Wülker, 1996 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Gydan Peninsula, Russia. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2021; 15:447-458. [PMID: 34966517 PMCID: PMC8671704 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v15i4.73135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The karyotype features and gene COI sequence of Chironomusheteropilicornis Wülker, 1996 from the Gydan Peninsula are presented for the first time. Nine banding sequences were determined, eight of them hpiA2, hpiB1, hpiC1, hpiC2, hpiD1, hpiE1, hpiF3 and hpiG1 were previously known from European, Georgian (South Caucasus) and Siberian populations. One new banding sequence for Ch.heteropilicornis, hpiB2, was found. The hpiA2 banding sequence was found in all individuals, and this is its second finding after the Georgian population (Karmokov 2019). The hpiF3 banding sequence was found only in the homozygous state. Additional B-chromosomes are absent. The genetic distances (K2P) between Ch.heteropilicornis COI gene sequence from Gydan Peninsula and Norway are 1.1--1.3%, and Georgia - 1.8%, much lower than the commonly accepted threshold of 3% for species of genus Chironomus Meigen, 1803. The phylogenetic tree for COI gene sequences estimated by Bayesian inference showed geographically determined clusters of Norway and Gydan and a separate lineage of the Georgian population of Ch.heteropilicornis. The analysis of karyotype and COI gene sequences shows that the population of Ch.heteropilicornis from the Gydan Peninsula has an intermediate position within the Ch.pilicornis group between Georgian, Yakutian and Norwegian populations. The position of Ch.pilicornis Fabricius, 1787 from Canada and Greenland on the phylogenetic tree is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V. Bolshakov
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Yaroslavl reg., Nekouz prov., Borok, 152742, RussiaPapanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of SciencesBorokRussia
| | - Alexander A. Prokin
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Yaroslavl reg., Nekouz prov., Borok, 152742, RussiaPapanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of SciencesBorokRussia
- Cherepovets State University, Lunacharski 5,Cherepovets, 162600, Vologda Oblast’, RussiaCherepovets State UniversityCherepovetsRussia
| | - Sergey V. Artemenko
- AquaBioSafe Laboratory, University of Tyumen, 625003, Tyumen, RussiaUniversity of TyumenTyumenRussia
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Hilburn LR. POPULATION GENETICS OF CHIRONOMUS STIGMATERUS
SAY (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE): II. PROTEIN VARIABILITY IN POPULATIONS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES. Evolution 2017; 34:696-704. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04008.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/1979] [Revised: 01/21/1980] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larry R. Hilburn
- Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratories; USDA, SEA-AR; Gainsville Florida 32604
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Oh JT, Epler JH, Bentivegna CS. A rapid method of species identification of wild chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) via electrophoresis of hemoglobin proteins in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2014; 104:639-651. [PMID: 24923437 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485314000431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Studying aquatic benthic macroinvertebrates (BMIs) in the field requires accurate taxonomic identification, which can be difficult and time consuming. Conventionally, head capsule morphology has been used to identify wild larvae of Chironomidae. However, due to the number of species and possible damage and/or deformity of their head capsules, another supporting approach for identification is needed. Here, we provide hemoglobin (Hb) protein in hemolymph of chironomids as a new biomarker that may help resolve some of the ambiguities and difficulties encountered during taxonomic identification. Chironomids collected from two locations in Maine and New Jersey, USA were identified to the genus level and in some cases to the species-level using head capsule and body morphologies. The head capsule for a particular individual was then associated with a corresponding Hb protein profile generated from sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Distinct Hb profiles were observed from one group (Thienemannimyia) and four genera (Chironomus, Cricotopus, Dicrotendipes, and Glyptotendipes) of chironomids. Several species were polymorphic, having more than one Hb profile and/or having bands of the same size as those of other species. However, major bands and the combination of bands could distinguish individuals at the genus and sometimes species-level. Overall, this study showed that Hb profiles can be used in combination with head capsule morphology to identify wild chironomids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences,Seton Hall University,South Orange, New Jersey 07079,USA
| | - J H Epler
- 461 Tiger Hammock Road, Crawfordville, Florida 32327,USA
| | - C S Bentivegna
- Department of Biological Sciences,Seton Hall University,South Orange, New Jersey 07079,USA
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Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) occurs in all the kingdoms of living organisms. Its distribution is episodic among the nonvertebrate groups in contrast to vertebrates. Nonvertebrate Hbs range from single-chain globins found in bacteria, algae, protozoa, and plants to large, multisubunit, multidomain Hbs found in nematodes, molluscs and crustaceans, and the giant annelid and vestimentiferan Hbs comprised of globin and nonglobin subunits. Chimeric hemoglobins have been found recently in bacteria and fungi. Hb occurs intracellularly in specific tissues and in circulating red blood cells (RBCs) and freely dissolved in various body fluids. In addition to transporting and storing O(2) and facilitating its diffusion, several novel Hb functions have emerged, including control of nitric oxide (NO) levels in microorganisms, use of NO to control the level of O(2) in nematodes, binding and transport of sulfide in endosymbiont-harboring species and protection against sulfide, scavenging of O(2 )in symbiotic leguminous plants, O(2 )sensing in bacteria and archaebacteria, and dehaloperoxidase activity useful in detoxification of chlorinated materials. This review focuses on the extensive variation in the functional properties of nonvertebrate Hbs, their O(2 )binding affinities, their homotropic interactions (cooperativity), and the sensitivities of these parameters to temperature and heterotropic effectors such as protons and cations. Whenever possible, it attempts to relate the ligand binding properties to the known molecular structures. The divergent and convergent evolutionary trends evident in the structures and functions of nonvertebrate Hbs appear to be adaptive in extending the inhabitable environment available to Hb-containing organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Weber
- Danish Centre for Respiratory Adaptation, Department of Zoophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Ruf HH, Altemüller AG, Gersonde K. Preparation and characterization of insect hemoglobins from Chironomus thummi thummi. Methods Enzymol 1994; 231:95-111. [PMID: 8041289 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(94)31009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H H Ruf
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Universität des Saarlandes, St. Ingbert, Germany
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Rozynek P, Hankeln T, Schmidt ER. Structure of a hemoglobin gene cluster and nucleotide sequence of three hemoglobin genes from the midge Chironomus thummi piger (Diptera, Insecta). BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY HOPPE-SEYLER 1989; 370:533-42. [PMID: 2775480 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1989.370.1.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic larvae of the genus Chironomus (Diptera, Insecta) contain at least 12 different hemoglobin (Hb) variants in their hemolymph. In the present study we have analysed the structure and part of the nucleotide sequence of a Hb gene cluster cloned from the genomic DNA of Chironomus thummi piger. The cluster contains probably 6 different genes, separated by intergenic regions of various lengths. The nucleotide sequence of three putative Hb genes including the intergenic regions is presented. The inferred amino-acid sequences show clearly that two of these putative genes code for subvariants of the Hb variant VIIB. The third gene codes for a so far unknown Hb protein. As known already for other chironomid Hb genes, there are no intron sequences present in the coding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rozynek
- Institut für Genetik, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum
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In situ localization of two haemoglobin gene clusters in the chromosomes of 13 species of Chironomus. Chromosoma 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00330701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Osmulski P, Leyko W. Structure, function and physiological role of chironomus haemoglobin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(86)90166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aschauer H, Zaidi ZH, Braunitzer G. Hemoglobins, XXXVIII. Amino acid sequence of a dimeric hemoglobin (erythrocruorin), component VI from Chironomus thummi thummi (CTT VI). HOPPE-SEYLER'S ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIOLOGISCHE CHEMIE 1981; 362:261-73. [PMID: 7227979 DOI: 10.1515/bchm2.1981.362.1.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The dimeric hemoglobin CTT VI (Erythrocruorin) was isolated from the hemolymph of the larvae of Chironomus thummi thummi. The globin from CTT VI was subjected to trypsin, limited trypsin and cyanogen bromide digestion. For elucidation of the sequence in the C-terminal region, cleavage with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease was also carried out. The peptides were separated by gel and ion-exchange chromatography. The handling of some large fragments was facilitated by maleylation and subsequent ion-exchange chromatography with conservation of the maleyl groups. The amino acid sequence was determined by automatic Edman degradation. The order of the peptides was provided by overlaps, but in two cases by homology only (for residues 98 and 99, and 109 and 110). The hemoglobin consists of 2 x 147 amino acids with a molecular weight of 32411. The sequence of CTT VI is compared with a monomeric (CTT III) and a dimeric hemoglobin (CTT II beta) and the human alpha-chains. The structural differences are discussed.
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ASCHAUER H, BRAUNITZER G. Hämoglobine, XXXIX. Aminosäuresequenz eines dimeren Hämoglobins (Erythrocruorin) vonChironomus thummi thummi:Komponente CTT VIII. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1515/bchm2.1981.362.1.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tichy H, Kleinschmidt T, Braunitzer G. Studies on the evolutionary relationships between hemoglobins in Chironomus pallidivittatus and C. tentsans. I. Isolation and immunological analysis of monomeric and dimeric hemoglobins. J Mol Evol 1981; 18:9-14. [PMID: 6801267 DOI: 10.1007/bf01733205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The monomeric hemoglobins of Chironomus tentans and C. pallidivittatus have been isolated and separated into their respective components by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-75 and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel. The amino acid compositions of the purified components are given. The sequence of the 30 N-terminal amino acid residues of one of the monomeric components (Hb I from C. pallidivittatus) was determined and found to be identical in almost all of its parts with the monomeric hemoglobins of C. thummi (CTT III and CTT IV). Antibodies against the monomeric hemoglobins Hb I and Hb IIc and the dimeric fraction were highly specific and no cross reaction between dimeric and monomeric hemoglobins could be demonstrated. The antibodies against the monomers crossreact with the monomeric hemoglobins CTT III and CTT IV of C. thummi. Taken together with genetic data, the immunological results indicate that divergence of monomeric from dimeric forms was an early event in the evolution of the various hemoglobins in Chironomus.
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