[The behavior of haptoglobins and Gm factors, as well as their relations to the quantitative alpha-2 and gamma globulin values in diseases of the blood]

Immunoglobulin allotypes Gm and Km in hematologic malignancies

Immunoglobulin allotypes of the Gm and Km systems have been compared in patients with various forms of hematologic malignancies and healthy controls of the same ethnographic background. These comparisons found an increased frequency of the haplotype Gm and a decreased frequency of Gm in patients with Hodgkin's disease; a decreased frequency of Gm in diffuse, large-cell lymphoma patients; a decreased frequency of Gm and an increased frequency of Gm in acute myeloid leukemia patients; a decreased frequency of Gm in chronic myeloid leukemia patients, and an increased frequency of the phenotype Km(1+) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. These results support previous suggestions of the involvement of immunoglobulin allotypes in the susceptibility to some forms of human hematologic malignancy.

Genetic studies in multiple myeloma. II. Immunoglobulin allotype associations

A weakly positive but statistically significant association between HLA-Cw5 and myeloma has been reported in black patients. The authors attempted to determine whether immunoglobulin allotypes of the Gm series demonstrate any such association. They were identified in the sera of 29 black patients and 160 healthy black control subjects by a standard hemagglutination-inhibition technique. The results indicate that the G3m(g5) allotype is significantly associated with myeloma. Furthermore, addition of that immunoglobulin allotype to a Gm phenotype that is negatively associated with myeloma gives a phenotype that is positively associated with the disease, both associations being statistically significant. It was concluded that G3m(g5) is a marker of inherited susceptibility to myeloma in black Americans. Furthermore, as G3m(g5) is present in almost 50% of normal control subjects, it was proposed that its expression in a much greater proportion of patients may be related to an underlying genetic rearrangement that is also associated with neoplastic transformation.