1
|
Omran Z, Guise CP, Chen L, Rauch C, Abdalla AN, Abdullah O, Sindi IA, Fischer PM, Smaill JB, Patterson AV, Liu Y, Wang Q. Design, Synthesis and In-Vitro Biological Evaluation of Antofine and Tylophorine Prodrugs as Hypoxia-Targeted Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:3327. [PMID: 34206005 PMCID: PMC8199124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthroindolizidines, such as antofine and tylophorine, are a family of natural alkaloids isolated from different species of Asclepiadaceas. They are characterized by interesting biological activities, such as pronounced cytotoxicity against different human cancerous cell lines, including multidrug-resistant examples. Nonetheless, these derivatives are associated with severe neurotoxicity and loss of in vivo activity due to the highly lipophilic nature of the alkaloids. Here, we describe the development of highly polar prodrugs of antofine and tylophorine as hypoxia-targeted prodrugs. The developed quaternary ammonium salts of phenanthroindolizidines showed high chemical and metabolic stability and are predicted to have no penetration through the blood-brain barrier. The designed prodrugs displayed decreased cytotoxicity when tested under normoxic conditions. However, their cytotoxic activity considerably increased when tested under hypoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Omran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chris P. Guise
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (C.P.G.); (J.B.S.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Linwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Cyril Rauch
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, College Road, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Ashraf N. Abdalla
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Omeima Abdullah
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Ikhlas A. Sindi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Peter M. Fischer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Jeff B. Smaill
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (C.P.G.); (J.B.S.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Adam V. Patterson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (C.P.G.); (J.B.S.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (L.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Omran Z, Abdalla AN, Ibrahim MM, Hossain MA, Alarja M, Chen L, Liu Y, Wang Q. Boronic Analogues of (R)-6-O-Desmethylantofine as Anticancer Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:1324-1327. [PMID: 31564698 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phenanthroindolizidines are naturally occurring alkaloids mainly isolated from different species of Asclepiadaceae. These alkaloids are characterized by an excellent anticancer activity against a very wide range of cancerous cell lines including those who are multi drug resistant. Nevertheless, phenanthroindolizidines are associated with sever neurotoxicity that prevented any candidate from this family to pass the clinical trials. A number of boron-based analogues of (R)-6-O-desmethylantofine have been synthesised. Their physochemical properties were evaluated, same as their in-vitro antiproliferative activity. The pinacol boronate ester derivative (3) showed interesting cytotoxicity against a panel of cancerous cell lines attested by a cancer cell growth-inhibitory potency (GI50) as low as 30 nM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Omran
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University
| | | | | | | | | | - Linwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sheridan CM, Garcia VE, Ahyong V, DeRisi JL. The Plasmodium falciparum cytoplasmic translation apparatus: a promising therapeutic target not yet exploited by clinically approved anti-malarials. Malar J 2018; 17:465. [PMID: 30541569 PMCID: PMC6292128 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continued spectre of resistance to existing anti-malarials necessitates the pursuit of novel targets and mechanisms of action for drug development. One class of promising targets consists of the 80S ribosome and its associated components comprising the parasite translational apparatus. Development of translation-targeting therapeutics requires a greater understanding of protein synthesis and its regulation in the malaria parasite. Research in this area has been limited by the lack of appropriate experimental methods, particularly a direct measure of parasite translation. METHODS An in vitro method directly measuring translation in whole-cell extracts from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, the PfIVT assay, and a historically-utilized indirect measure of translation, S35-radiolabel incorporation, were compared utilizing a large panel of known translation inhibitors as well as anti-malarial drugs. RESULTS Here, an extensive pharmacologic assessment of the PfIVT assay is presented, using a wide range of known inhibitors demonstrating its utility for studying activity of both ribosomal and non-ribosomal elements directly involved in translation. Further, the superiority of this assay over a historically utilized indirect measure of translation, S35-radiolabel incorporation, is demonstrated. Additionally, the PfIVT assay is utilized to investigate a panel of clinically approved anti-malarial drugs, many with unknown or unclear mechanisms of action, and show that none inhibit translation, reaffirming Plasmodium translation to be a viable alternative drug target. Within this set, mefloquine is unambiguously found to lack translation inhibition activity, despite having been recently mischaracterized as a ribosomal inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS This work exploits a direct and reproducible assay for measuring P. falciparum translation, demonstrating its value in the continued study of protein synthesis in malaria and its inhibition as a drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Moore Sheridan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Valentina E Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vida Ahyong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Murota K, Hagiwara-Komoda Y, Komoda K, Onouchi H, Ishikawa M, Naito S. Arabidopsis cell-free extract, ACE, a new in vitro translation system derived from Arabidopsis callus cultures. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 52:1443-53. [PMID: 21677046 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcr080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in plants has benefited greatly from the use of cell-free extract systems. Arabidopsis as a model system provides extensive genetic resources; however, to date a suitable cell-free translation system from Arabidopsis has not been available. In this study, we devised an Arabidopsis cell-free extract (ACE) to be used for in vitro translation studies. Protoplasts were prepared from callus cultures derived from Arabidopsis seedlings, and cell-free extracts were prepared after evacuolation of the protoplasts by Percoll gradient centrifugation. The new ACE system exhibits translation activity comparable with that of the wheat germ extract system. We demonstrated that ACE prepared from the 5'-3' exoribonuclease-deficient mutant of Arabidopsis, xrn4-5, exhibited increased stability of an uncapped mRNA as compared with that from wild-type Arabidopsis. We applied the ACE system to study post-transcriptional regulation of AtCGS1. AtCGS1 codes for cystathionine γ-synthase (CGS) that catalyzes the first committed step of methionine and S-adenosyl-l-methionine (AdoMet) biosynthesis in plants, and is feedback regulated by mRNA degradation coupled with translation elongation arrest. The ACE system was capable of reproducing translation elongation arrest and subsequent AtCGS1 mRNA degradation that are induced by AdoMet. The ACE system described here can be prepared in a month after seed sowing and will make it possible to study post-transcriptional regulation of plant genes while taking advantage of the genetics of Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Murota
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu F, Green ME, Floreancig PE. Total synthesis of pederin and analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1131-4. [PMID: 21268211 PMCID: PMC3532508 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanghui Wu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA, Fax: (+1) 412-624-8611
| | | | - Paul E. Floreancig
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA, Fax: (+1) 412-624-8611
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
Miller JH, Singh AJ, Northcote PT. Microtubule-stabilizing drugs from marine sponges: focus on peloruside A and zampanolide. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:1059-79. [PMID: 20479967 PMCID: PMC2866475 DOI: 10.3390/md8041059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 03/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are an excellent source of bioactive secondary metabolites with potential therapeutic value in the treatment of diseases. One group of compounds of particular interest is the microtubule-stabilizing agents, the most well-known compound of this group being paclitaxel (Taxol), an anti-cancer compound isolated from the bark and leaves of the Pacific yew tree. This review focuses on two of the more recent additions to this important class of drugs, peloruside A and zampanolide, both isolated from marine sponges. Peloruside A was isolated from Mycale hentscheli collected in New Zealand coastal waters, and it already shows promising anti-cancer activity. Two other potent bioactive compounds with different modes of action but isolated from the same sponge, mycalamide A and pateamine, will also be discussed. The fourth compound, zampanolide, most recently isolated from the Tongan sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis, has only recently been added to the microtubule-stabilizing group of compounds, and further work is in progress to determine its activity profile relative to peloruside A and other drugs of this class.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John H. Miller
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - A. Jonathan Singh
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand; E-Mails:
(A.J.S.);
(P.T.N.)
| | - Peter T. Northcote
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand; E-Mails:
(A.J.S.);
(P.T.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wei L, Brossi A, Morris-Natschke SL, Bastow KF, Lee KH. Antitumor agents 248. Chemistry and antitumor activity of tylophorinerelated alkaloids. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS (PART N) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(08)80023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
9
|
Onouchi H, Nagami Y, Haraguchi Y, Nakamoto M, Nishimura Y, Sakurai R, Nagao N, Kawasaki D, Kadokura Y, Naito S. Nascent peptide-mediated translation elongation arrest coupled with mRNA degradation in the CGS1 gene of Arabidopsis. Genes Dev 2005; 19:1799-810. [PMID: 16027170 PMCID: PMC1182342 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1317105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the Arabidopsis CGS1 gene that codes for cystathionine gamma-synthase is feedback regulated at the step of mRNA stability in response to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet). A short stretch of amino acid sequence, called the MTO1 region, encoded by the first exon of CGS1 itself is involved in this regulation. Here, we demonstrate, using a cell-free system, that AdoMet induces temporal translation elongation arrest at the Ser-94 codon located immediately downstream of the MTO1 region, by analyzing a translation intermediate and performing primer extension inhibition (toeprint) analysis. This translation arrest precedes the formation of a degradation intermediate of CGS1 mRNA, which has its 5' end points near the 5' edge of the stalled ribosome. The position of ribosome stalling also suggests that the MTO1 region in nascent peptide resides in the ribosomal exit tunnel when translation elongation is temporarily arrested. In addition to the MTO1 region amino acid sequence, downstream Trp-93 is also important for the AdoMet-induced translation arrest. This is the first example of nascent peptide-mediated translation elongation arrest coupled with mRNA degradation in eukaryotes. Furthermore, our data suggest that the ribosome stalls at the step of translocation rather than at the step of peptidyl transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Onouchi
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sen GL, Wehrman TS, Blau HM. mRNA translation is not a prerequisite for small interfering RNA-mediated mRNA cleavage. Differentiation 2005; 73:287-93. [PMID: 16138829 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2005.00029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference constitutes a major means of eliminating mRNAs, yet how the small interfering RNAs (siRNA) within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) finds its homologous target in the cell remains unknown. An attractive hypothesis is that RNA interference is linked to translation which allows RISC ready access to every translated mRNA. To test whether translation could direct siRNAs to mRNAs, chemical and biological inhibitors of translation and their effects on mRNA cleavage were tested. Our results show that mRNA degradation by siRNAs is not dependent on mRNA translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George L Sen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Raney A, Law GL, Mize GJ, Morris DR. Regulated translation termination at the upstream open reading frame in s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase mRNA. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:5988-94. [PMID: 11741992 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m108375200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The upstream open reading frame (uORF) in the mRNA encoding S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is a cis-acting element that confers feedback control by cellular polyamines on translation of this message. Recent studies demonstrated that elevated polyamines inhibit synthesis of the peptide encoded by the uORF by stabilizing a ribosome paused in the vicinity of the termination codon. These studies suggested that polyamines act at the termination step of uORF translation. In this paper, we demonstrate that elevated polyamines stabilize an intermediate in the termination process, the complete nascent peptide linked to the tRNA that decodes the final codon. The peptidyl-tRNA molecule is found associated with the ribosome fraction, and decay of this molecule correlated with release of the paused ribosome from the message. Furthermore, the stability of this complex is influenced by the same parameters that influence regulation by the uORF in vivo, namely the concentration of polyamines and the sequence of the uORF-encoded peptide. These results suggest that the regulated step in uORF translation is after formation of the peptidyl-tRNA molecule but before hydrolysis of the peptidyl-tRNA bond. This regulation may involve an interaction between the peptide, polyamines, and a target in the translational apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Raney
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7350, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Law GL, Raney A, Heusner C, Morris DR. Polyamine regulation of ribosome pausing at the upstream open reading frame of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:38036-43. [PMID: 11489903 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m105944200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC), a key regulated enzyme in the pathway of polyamine biosynthesis, is feedback-controlled at the level of translation by spermidine and spermine. The peptide product of an upstream open reading frame (uORF) in the mRNA is solely responsible for polyamine regulation of AdoMetDC translation. Using a primer extension inhibition assay and in vitro protein synthesis reactions, we found ribosomes paused at or close to the termination codon of the uORF. This pause was greatly diminished with the altered uORFs' sequences that abolish uORF regulation in vivo. The half-life of the ribosome pause was related to the concentration of polyamines present but was unaffected by magnesium concentration. Furthermore, inhibition of translation initiation at a reporter gene placed downstream of the AdoMetDC uORF directly correlated with the stability of the ribosome pause at the uORF. These observations are consistent with a model in which regulation of ribosome pausing at the uORF by polyamines controls ribosome access to the downstream AdoMetDC reading frame.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G L Law
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-7350, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Narquizian R, Kocienski PJ. The pederin family of antitumor agents: structures, synthesis and biological activity. ERNST SCHERING RESEARCH FOUNDATION WORKSHOP 2001:25-56. [PMID: 11077605 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-04042-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Narquizian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bailleul-Winslett PA, Newnam GP, Wegrzyn RD, Chernoff YO. An antiprion effect of the anticytoskeletal drug latrunculin A in yeast. Gene Expr 2000; 9:145-56. [PMID: 11243411 PMCID: PMC5964936 DOI: 10.3727/000000001783992650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/07/2000] [Accepted: 09/18/2000] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Prions are infectious aggregation-prone isoforms of the normal proteins, supposedly able to seed aggregation of the normal cellular counterparts. In vitro, prion proteins form amyloid fibers, resembling cytoskeletal structures. Yeast prion [PSI], which is a cytoplasmically inherited aggregated isoform of the translation termination factor Sup35p (eRF3), serves as a useful model for studying mechanisms of prion diseases and other amyloidoses. The previously described interaction between Sup35p and cytoskeletal assembly protein Sla1p points to the possible relationships between prions and cytoskeletal networks. Although the Sup35PSI+ aggregates do not colocalize with actin patches, we have shown that yeast cells are efficiently cured of the [PSI] prion by prolonged incubation with latrunculin A, a drug disrupting the actin cytoskeleton. On the other hand, treatments with sodium azide or cycloheximide, agents blocking yeast protein synthesis and cell proliferation but not disrupting the cytoskeleton, do not cause a significant loss of [PSI]. Moreover, simultaneous treatment with sodium azide or cycloheximide blocks [PSI] curing by latrunculin A, indicating that prion loss in the presence of latrunculin A requires a continuation of protein synthesis during cytoskeleton disruption. The sodium azide treatment also decreases the toxic effect of latrunculin A. Latrunculin A influences neither the levels of total cellular Sup35p nor the levels of chaperone proteins, such as Hsp104 and Hsp70, which were previously shown to affect [PSI]. This makes an indirect effect of latrunculin A on [PSI] via induction of Hsps unlikely. Fluorescence microscopy detects changes in the structure and/or localization of the Sup35PSI+ aggregates in latrunculin A-treated cells. We conclude that the stable maintenance of the [PSI] prion aggregates in the protein-synthesizing yeast cells partly depends on an intact actin cytoskeleton, suggesting that anticytoskeletal treatments could be used to counteract some aggregation-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peggy A. Bailleul-Winslett
- School of Biology and Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, M/C 0363, Atlanta, GA 30332-0363
| | - Gary P. Newnam
- School of Biology and Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, M/C 0363, Atlanta, GA 30332-0363
| | - Renee D. Wegrzyn
- School of Biology and Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, M/C 0363, Atlanta, GA 30332-0363
| | - Yury O. Chernoff
- School of Biology and Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, M/C 0363, Atlanta, GA 30332-0363
- Address correspondence to Yury O. Chernoff, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0363. Tel: (404) 894-1157; Fax: (404) 894-0519, (404) 894-2291; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Domínguez JM, Kelly VA, Kinsman OS, Marriott MS, Gómez de las Heras F, Martín JJ. Sordarins: A new class of antifungals with selective inhibition of the protein synthesis elongation cycle in yeasts. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42:2274-8. [PMID: 9736548 PMCID: PMC105812 DOI: 10.1128/aac.42.9.2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
GR135402, a sordarin derivative, was isolated in an antifungal screening program. GR135402, sordarin, and derivatives of both compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit cell-free translational systems from five different pathogenic fungi (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, and Cryptococcus neoformans). The activity profile of GR135402 is extended to other chemical compounds derived from sordarin. Experimental results indicate that sordarin analogs exert their antifungal effects by specifically inhibiting the protein synthesis elongation cycle in yeasts but do not affect protein synthesis machinery in mammalian systems. Intrinsically resistant strains owe their resistance to differences in the molecular target of sordarins in these strains. Preliminary studies performed to elucidate the mode of action of this new class of antifungal agents have shown that the putative target of sordarins is one of the protein synthesis elongation factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Domínguez
- Departamento de Investigación, Glaxo Wellcome S.A., 28760-Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Three and One-Half Approaches to the Synthesis of Pederin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-092430-4.50012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
17
|
Meijer AE. The pentose phosphate pathway in skeletal muscle under patho-physiological conditions. A combined histochemical and biochemical study. PROGRESS IN HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY 1991; 22:1-118. [PMID: 2011653 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6336(11)80052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, research into the neuromuscular apparatus, has expanded greatly. Multidisciplinary investigations have rapidly advanced our understanding both of diseases and of the basic neuromuscular mechanisms. The mode of pathological reaction of the neuromuscular apparatus is now quite well understood. The most notable aspect of the reaction of the injured neuromuscular apparatus is the remarkably stereotyped character of the resulting pathological changes as demonstrated by a wide variety of harmful causes, producing surprisingly similar effects. The findings of our combined histochemical and biochemical investigations presented in this monograph, are in complete harmony with the stereotyped character of the pathological changes. For example, it is particularly striking that many affected muscle fibres of patients with muscular dystrophies, congenital myopathies, inflammatory myopathies, metabolic myopathies, endocrine myopathies, or with diseases of the lower motor neuron, display an enhanced activity of both oxidative enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway. Likewise, we found that experimental animals with disordered skeletal muscles, provoked by different types of agents or treatments, reveal the same marked rise in activity of GPDH and PGDH in the muscle fibres, with a positive correlation between the activity of both enzymes. Other findings of our investigations point to a positive correlation between the activity of GPDH and PGDH on the one hand and that of the non-oxidative enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway, the enzymes TA, TK, RPI and RPE on the other hand. The rise in activity of PGDH and, in particular, of GPDH is regulated by two different mechanisms. The first represents a rapid control mechanism based on the stimulation of both oxidative enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway by NADP+ and on their inhibition by NADPH. The other mechanism represents a long-term effect directed at the synthesis of the enzymes. It is this type of mechanism which is responsible for the rise in activity of GPDH and PGDH we observed. The findings obtained with the applied enzyme histochemical techniques clearly demonstrated that the rise in activity of both enzymes is not homogeneously distributed in the disordered skeletal muscles of man and experimental animals. For that reason, in order to obtain reliable quantitative information about enzyme activities in the muscle fibres themselves, the application of biochemical assays on a micro-scale was indispensable. The biochemical assay of enzyme activities was performed on histologically and histochemically selected dissected muscle specimens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A E Meijer
- Department of Neurology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Baciphelacin an antibiotic produced by Bacillus thiaminolyticus was a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis in HeLa cells and other mammalian cell lines. It had no effect on DNA or RNA synthesis. Concentrations of baciphelacin around 10(-7) M inhibited protein synthesis by 50% in intact cells. The antibiotic had no effect on protein synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Escherichia coli, but inhibited the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei. In vitro protein synthesis in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system was blocked by baciphelacin. However, translation of globin mRNA in a wheat cell-free system was not affected by this antibiotic. Baciphelacin had no activity against a number of cell-free systems used to measure different steps of translation, including binding of substrates to the ribosome, peptide bond formation and polyphenylalanine synthesis. Therefore, it is assumed that it affects the initiation of translation or the charging of tRNA. Finally, the inhibition of protein synthesis by compounds structurally related to baciphelacin was tested and their effects compared to baciphelacin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Carrasco
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shull GE. Differential inhibition of protein synthesis: a possible biochemical mechanism of thalidomide teratogenesis. J Theor Biol 1984; 110:461-86. [PMID: 6503311 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5193(84)80187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A theory concerning the chemical and biochemical mechanisms of thalidomide teratogenesis is presented. A considerable body of evidence suggests that the glutarimide ring of thalidomide may exert its biological activity because of its resemblance to the imide pyrimidines thymine and uracil. In addition to the glutarimide ring, thalidomide contains a moderately reactive phthalimide moiety, which allows the spontaneous formation of various glutarimide derivatives in fetal tissues. A model is proposed in which the phthalimide group reacts with small nucleophiles, most likely the polyamines, to produce a derivative(s) having a similar biochemical potential to that of cycloheximide, a glutarimide which is a powerful inhibitor of the elongation phase of protein synthesis. Interference in the elongation phase results in the selective inhibition of the translation of messages which have a high translational efficiency. Evidence is reviewed concerning the differential inhibition or protein synthesis by cycloheximide and the effects of this inhibition on various biochemical and biological processes which are critical during development and differentiation. A similar biochemical activity by the putative thalidomide derivative(s) could explain its extreme teratogenic potential. A number of parallels between the biological effects of thalidomide and cycloheximide are discussed which support the idea that a similar biochemical activity is involved. The theory readily explains many of the observed biological effects of thalidomide including the large difference between fetal and adult toxicity. In addition, evidence is reviewed which suggests that the teratogenic properties of a number of drugs which are structurally related to thalidomide may have a common chemical basis due to the similarity of their imide core structures to thymine and uracil.
Collapse
|
20
|
Dölz H, Vázquez D, Jiménez A. Quantitation of the specific interaction of [14a-3H]cryptopleurine with 80S and 40S ribosomal species from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochemistry 1982; 21:3181-7. [PMID: 7049239 DOI: 10.1021/bi00256a023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
21
|
Dölz H, Söllhuber M, Trigo GG, Vázquez D, Jiménez A. Synthesis and biological activity of [14a-3H]cryptopleurine. Anal Biochem 1980; 108:215-9. [PMID: 7006453 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(80)90571-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
22
|
Fresno M, Gonzales A, Vazquez D, Jiménez A. Bruceantin, a novel inhibitor of peptide bond formation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 518:104-12. [PMID: 343816 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(78)90120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
23
|
Fresno M, Vázquez D. Initiation of translation with native 40-S ribosomal subunits. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1978; 83:169-78. [PMID: 627208 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
24
|
Cawley DB, Hedblom ML, Hoffman EJ, Houston LL. Differential ricin sensitivity of rat liver and wheat germ ribosomes in polyuridylic acid translation. Arch Biochem Biophys 1977; 182:690-5. [PMID: 900954 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(77)90550-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
Fresno M, Carrasco L, Vazquez D. Initiation of the polypeptide chain by reticulocyte cell-free systems. Survey of different inhibitors of translation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 68:355-64. [PMID: 976261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the mechanism of action of inhibitors that block the initiation of protein synthesis in mammalian systems, we have studied the following steps: (a) formation of the ternary complex Met-tRNAr-IF-E2-GTP, (b) binding of the initiator Met-tRNAf to the 40-S ribosomal subunit in the presence of initiation factors and dependent or not on the addition of mRNA, (c) formation of the initiation complex with 80-S ribosomes and (d) formation of the first peptide bond. Adrenochrome, aurintricarboxylic acid, polydextran sulphate, pyrochatechol violet and showdomycin block the formation of the ternary complex Met-tRNAf-IF-E2-GTP. Edeine A1, aurintricarboxylic acid and polydextran sulphate block the binding of the mRNA to the 40-S ribosomal subunit. Pactamycin induces the formation of stable smaller initiation complexes which are unable to go through the subsequent steps of initiation. Stimulation of the binding of the initiator Met-tRNAf to the 80-S ribosome in the presence of initiation factors is observed with sparsomycin and antibiotics of the sesquiterpene family (verrucarin A, trichodermin and trichothecin). However, these antibiotics block the reaction of the bound Met-tRNAf with puromycin. Narciclasine has no effect on the binding of the initiator to the ribosome but strongly blocks its reaction with puromycin. We have developed a simple technique to detect the Met-tRNAf-40-S-subunit-poly(A, G, U) initiation complexes by chromatography on Sepharose 6B columns. The requirements for the formation of such complexes measured by this technique and its comparison with the sucrose gradient centrifugation method are described.
Collapse
|
27
|
Carrasco L, Jimenez A, Vázquez D. Specific inhibition of translocation by tubulosine in eukaryotic polysomes. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 64:1-5. [PMID: 776609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The alkaloid tubulosine inhibits the process of peptide chain elongation by eukaryotic polysomes by specifically preventing the elongation-factor-2-dependent step of translocation. Tubulosine does not affect either the elongation-factor-1-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA or peptide bond formation. The site of action of tubulosine appears to be independent from the ribosomal site involved in cycloheximide action, since the alkaloid is active in blocking polymerization and enzymic translocation by polysomes from a yeast mutant resistant to cycloheximide. Furthermore tubulosine does not affect the non-enzymic translocation which takes place in the presence of high potassium ion concentrations, whereas this reaction is strongly inhibited by cyclohemimede. The different steps of translocation are discussed to explain the reactions blocked by tubulosine and cycloheximide.
Collapse
|