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Al‐Gharabli SI, Shah STA, Weik S, Schmidt MF, Mesters JR, Kuhn D, Klebe G, Hilgenfeld R, Rademann J. An efficient method for the synthesis of peptide aldehyde libraries employed in the discovery of reversible SARS coronavirus main protease (SARS-CoV Mpro) inhibitors. Chembiochem 2006; 7:1048-55. [PMID: 16688706 PMCID: PMC7417790 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200500533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A method for the parallel solid-phase synthesis of peptide aldehydes has been developed. Protected amino acid aldehydes obtained by the racemization-free oxidation of amino alcohols with Dess-Martin periodinane were immobilized on threonyl resins as oxazolidines. Following Boc protection of the ring nitrogen to yield the N-protected oxazolidine linker, peptide synthesis was performed efficiently on this resin. A peptide aldehyde library was designed for targeting the SARS coronavirus main protease, SARS-CoV M(pro)(also known as 3CL(pro)), on the basis of three different reported binding modes and supported by virtual screening. A set of 25 peptide aldehydes was prepared by this method and investigated in inhibition assays against SARS-CoV M(pro). Several potent inhibitors were found with IC(50) values in the low micromolar range. An IC(50) of 7.5 muM was found for AcNSTSQ-H and AcESTLQ-H. Interestingly, the most potent inhibitors seem to bind to SARS-CoV M(pro) in a noncanonical binding mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer I. Al‐Gharabli
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department for Medicinal Chemistry, Robert‐Rössle‐Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Fax: (+49) 30‐94793‐280
- Current address: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, German–Jordanian University, 35247 Amman 11180, Jordan
| | - Syed T. Ali Shah
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department for Medicinal Chemistry, Robert‐Rössle‐Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Fax: (+49) 30‐94793‐280
| | - Steffen Weik
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department for Medicinal Chemistry, Robert‐Rössle‐Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Fax: (+49) 30‐94793‐280
| | - Marco F. Schmidt
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department for Medicinal Chemistry, Robert‐Rössle‐Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Fax: (+49) 30‐94793‐280
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeroen R. Mesters
- Institut für Biochemie, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Universität Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Daniel Kuhn
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Hilgenfeld
- Institut für Biochemie, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Universität Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jörg Rademann
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department for Medicinal Chemistry, Robert‐Rössle‐Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Fax: (+49) 30‐94793‐280
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Voyushina TL, Potetinova JV, Milgotina EI, Stepanov VM. Synthesis of peptide aldehydes via enzymatic acylation of amino aldehyde derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 1999; 7:2953-9. [PMID: 10658601 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(99)00237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Two ways for semi-enzymatic preparation of the peptide aldehydes are proposed: (1) enzymatic acylation of amino alcohols with acyl peptide esters and subsequent chemical oxidation of the resulting peptide alcohols with DMSO/acetic anhydride mixture or (2) enzymatic acylation of the preliminarily obtained by a chemical route amino aldehyde semicarbazones. Subtilisin 72, serine proteinase with a broad specificity, distributed over macroporous silica, was used as a catalyst in both cases. Due to the practical absence of water in the reaction mixtures the yields of the products in both enzymatic reactions were nearly quantitative. The second way seems to be more attractive because all chemical stages were carried out with amino acid derivatives, far less valuable compounds than peptide ones. A series of peptide aldehydes of general formula Z-Ala-Ala-Xaa-al (where Xaa-al = leucinal, phenylalaninal, alaninal, valinal) was obtained. The inhibition parameters for these compounds, in the hydrolysis reactions of corresponding chromogenic substrates for subtilisin and alpha-chymotrypsin, were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Voyushina
- V.M. Stepanov's Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Songster
- Biosearch Technologies, Inc., San Rafael, California 94903, USA
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Johnson BE, Damodaran A, Rushin J, Gross A, Le PT, Chen HC, Harris RB. Ectopic production and processing of atrial natriuretic peptide in a small cell lung carcinoma cell line and tumor from a patient with hyponatremia. Cancer 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19970101)79:1<35::aid-cncr6>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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