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Juhásová Ľ, Königová A, Molnár L, Major P, Králová-Hromadová I, Čisovská Bazsalovicsová E. First record of Cathaemasia hians (Trematoda: Cathaemasiidae) in a new bird host, the Eastern Imperial Eagle ( Aquila heliaca). Helminthologia 2023; 60:380-384. [PMID: 38222488 PMCID: PMC10787629 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2023-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
An injured young individual of the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca; Accipitridae) from the Protected Bird Area "Medzibodrožie" in the south-eastern Slovakia was subjected to the complete clinical examination at the Clinic for Birds and Exotic Animals of the University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy. Adult trematodes were isolated from the pharynx of the eagle after oesophagoscopy. The morphological and molecular identification of the flukes confirmed a trematode Cathaemasia hians (Cathaemasiidae), the obligate parasite of black storks (Ciconia nigra) and white storks (Ciconia ciconia). This finding represents the first documented case of C. hians in new bird host species and indicates broader spectrum of definitive hosts of the fluke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ľ Juhásová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - A Königová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - L Molnár
- Clinic for Birds and Exotic Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - P Major
- Clinic for Birds and Exotic Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - I Králová-Hromadová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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Hsu Y, Cocroft RB, Snyder RL, Lin C. You stay, but I Hop: Host shifting near and far co-dominated the evolution of Enchenopa treehoppers. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:1954-1965. [PMID: 29468015 PMCID: PMC5817127 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance and prevalence of phylogenetic tracking between hosts and dependent organisms caused by co-evolution and shifting between closely related host species have been debated for decades. Most studies of phylogenetic tracking among phytophagous insects and their host plants have been limited to insects feeding on a narrow range of host species. However, narrow host ranges can confound phylogenetic tracking (phylogenetic tracking hypothesis) with host shifting between hosts of intermediate relationship (intermediate hypothesis). Here, we investigated the evolutionary history of the Enchenopa binotata complex of treehoppers. Each species in this complex has high host fidelity, but the entire complex uses hosts across eight plant orders. The phylogenies of E. binotata were reconstructed to evaluate whether (1) tracking host phylogeny; or (2) shifting between intermediately related host plants better explains the evolutionary history of E. binotata. Our results suggest that E. binotata primarily shifted between both distant and intermediate host plants regardless of host phylogeny and less frequently tracked the phylogeny of their hosts. These findings indicate that phytophagous insects with high host fidelity, such as E. binotata, are capable of adaptation not only to closely related host plants but also to novel hosts, likely with diverse phenology and defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Hsun Hsu
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan Normal UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Robert L. Snyder
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
- Present address:
Department of BiologyState University of New York College at PotsdamPotsdamNYUSA
| | - Chung‐Ping Lin
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan Normal UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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Martínez-Aquino A. Phylogenetic framework for coevolutionary studies: a compass for exploring jungles of tangled trees. Curr Zool 2016; 62:393-403. [PMID: 29491928 PMCID: PMC5804275 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetics is used to detect past evolutionary events, from how species originated to how their ecological interactions with other species arose, which can mirror cophylogenetic patterns. Cophylogenetic reconstructions uncover past ecological relationships between taxa through inferred coevolutionary events on trees, for example, codivergence, duplication, host-switching, and loss. These events can be detected by cophylogenetic analyses based on nodes and the length and branching pattern of the phylogenetic trees of symbiotic associations, for example, host-parasite. In the past 2 decades, algorithms have been developed for cophylogetenic analyses and implemented in different software, for example, statistical congruence index and event-based methods. Based on the combination of these approaches, it is possible to integrate temporal information into cophylogenetical inference, such as estimates of lineage divergence times between 2 taxa, for example, hosts and parasites. Additionally, the advances in phylogenetic biogeography applying methods based on parametric process models and combined Bayesian approaches, can be useful for interpreting coevolutionary histories in a scenario of biogeographical area connectivity through time. This article briefly reviews the basics of parasitology and provides an overview of software packages in cophylogenetic methods. Thus, the objective here is to present a phylogenetic framework for coevolutionary studies, with special emphasis on groups of parasitic organisms. Researchers wishing to undertake phylogeny-based coevolutionary studies can use this review as a "compass" when "walking" through jungles of tangled phylogenetic trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Martínez-Aquino
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Museo de La Plata, FCNyM, UNLP, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the Echinostomatoidea Looss, 1899 (Platyhelminthes: Digenea). Int J Parasitol 2015; 46:171-185. [PMID: 26699402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Echinostomatoidea is a large, cosmopolitan group of digeneans currently including nine families and 105 genera, the vast majority parasitic, as adults, in birds with relatively few taxa parasitising mammals, reptiles and, exceptionally, fish. Despite the complex structure, diverse content and substantial species richness of the group, almost no attempt has been made to elucidate its phylogenetic relationships at the suprageneric level based on molecules due to the lack of data. Herein, we evaluate the consistency of the present morphology-based classification system of the Echinostomatoidea with the phylogenetic relationships of its members based on partial sequences of the nuclear lsrRNA gene for a broad diversity of taxa (80 species, representing eight families and 40 genera), including representatives of five subfamilies of the Echinostomatidae, which currently exhibits the most complex taxonomic structure within the superfamily. This first comprehensive phylogeny for the Echinostomatoidea challenged the current systematic framework based on comparative morphology. A morphology-based evaluation of this new molecular framework resulted in a number of systematic and nomenclatural changes consistent with the phylogenetic estimates of the generic and suprageneric boundaries and a new phylogeny-based classification of the Echinostomatoidea. In the current systematic treatment: (i) the rank of two family level lineages, the former Himasthlinae and Echinochasminae, is elevated to full family status; (ii) Caballerotrema is distinguished at the family level; (iii) the content and diagnosis of the Echinostomatidae (sensu stricto) (s. str.) are revised to reflect its phylogeny, resulting in the abolition of the Nephrostominae and Chaunocephalinae as synonyms of the Echinostomatidae (s. str.); (iv) Artyfechinostomum, Cathaemasia, Rhopalias and Ribeiroia are re-allocated within the Echinostomatidae (s. str.), resulting in the abolition of the Cathaemasiidae, Rhopaliidae and Ribeiroiinae, which become synonyms of the Echinostomatidae (s. str.); and (v) refinements of the generic boundaries within the Echinostomatidae (s. str.), Psilostomidae and Fasciolidae are made.
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de Vienne DM, Refrégier G, López-Villavicencio M, Tellier A, Hood ME, Giraud T. Cospeciation vs host-shift speciation: methods for testing, evidence from natural associations and relation to coevolution. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 198:347-385. [PMID: 23437795 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hosts and their symbionts are involved in intimate physiological and ecological interactions. The impact of these interactions on the evolution of each partner depends on the time-scale considered. Short-term dynamics - 'coevolution' in the narrow sense - has been reviewed elsewhere. We focus here on the long-term evolutionary dynamics of cospeciation and speciation following host shifts. Whether hosts and their symbionts speciate in parallel, by cospeciation, or through host shifts, is a key issue in host-symbiont evolution. In this review, we first outline approaches to compare divergence between pairwise associated groups of species, their advantages and pitfalls. We then consider recent insights into the long-term evolution of host-parasite and host-mutualist associations by critically reviewing the literature. We show that convincing cases of cospeciation are rare (7%) and that cophylogenetic methods overestimate the occurrence of such events. Finally, we examine the relationships between short-term coevolutionary dynamics and long-term patterns of diversification in host-symbiont associations. We review theoretical and experimental studies showing that short-term dynamics can foster parasite specialization, but that these events can occur following host shifts and do not necessarily involve cospeciation. Overall, there is now substantial evidence to suggest that coevolutionary dynamics of hosts and parasites do not favor long-term cospeciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M de Vienne
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Refrégier
- Université Paris-Sud, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR 8621, 91405, Orsay, France
- CNRS, UMR8621, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - M López-Villavicencio
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - A Tellier
- Section of Population Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, D-85354, Freising, Germany
| | - M E Hood
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - T Giraud
- Université Paris-Sud, Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, UMR 8079, 91405, Orsay, France
- CNRS, UMR8079, 91405, Orsay, France
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SWAFFORD LYNN, BOND JASONE. Failure to cospeciate: an unsorted tale of millipedes and mites. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01499.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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BAUGH SC. Contributions to our Knowledge of Digenetic Trematodes Part V. On Two New Species of Philophthalmus Looss, 1899 and a Discussion on the Family Philophthalamidae. J Helminthol 2009; 36:243-58. [PMID: 13865896 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00023920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two specimens of this fluke were collected from the nictitating membrane of the Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis Hudson, shot near the lake Chinhut, about 5 miles from Lucknow, U.P.The body.(Fig. 1) is aspinose, flattened and clavate with a narrow anterior and a broadly rounded posterior end. It measures 4·5–5·9 mm. in length and 1·5–1·8 mm. in maximum width in the middle region. The oral sucker is terminal measuring 0·33–0·36 mm. X 0·47–0·49 mm. The ventral sucker is larger than the oral sucker, situated at the level of the division of. the anterior and middle-thirds of the body, and about 1·14 mm. from the anterior extremity. It measures 0·56–0·61 mm. X 0·52–0·54 mm.
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Cathaemasia variabilis n.sp. (Trematoda: Cathaemasiidae) from the Oesophagus of Sphenorhynchus abdimii. J Helminthol 2009. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00021179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Four samples of trematode parasites were collected from imported Abdim's storks at the Zoological gardens “Artis”, Amsterdam. The first collection was made during autopsy of a bird that had been in “Artis” for several years; some months later, the parasites were discovered in the oesophagus and mouth cavity of birds that were imported from Africa only recently. Ultimately, a number of trematodes belonging to the same species have been scraped out of the mouth cavities of 5 living Abdim's storks. My thanks are due to Mr. P. Zwart, veterinary surgeon, Utrecht, and to Dr. E. Jacobi, manager of “Artis”, Amsterdam, for collecting the parasites and making them available for taxonomic studies.
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Quek SP, Davies SJ, Itino T, Pierce NE. CODIVERSIFICATION IN AN ANT-PLANT MUTUALISM: STEM TEXTURE AND THE EVOLUTION OF HOST USE IN CREMATOGASTER (FORMICIDAE: MYRMICINAE) INHABITANTS OF MACARANGA (EUPHORBIACEAE). Evolution 2004. [DOI: 10.1554/03-361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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AHMED Z. [Cercaria fauna of the Münster (Westphalia) area and experimentally determined individual cycle of Echinoparyphium spiniferum La Valette (Trematodes)]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000; 19:67-99. [PMID: 13660205 DOI: 10.1007/bf00260319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Parasitism by mites is widespread and involves all the classes of vertebrates, from fishes to mammals. Owing to their small size and their great plasticity, mites are able to adapt to a wide range of habitats. Most of the species are ectoparasites but endoparasitism, especially in the respiratory tract, is common in birds and mammals. The morphological modifications appearing during the process adaptation to parasitic life, especially in Myobiidae, are analysed. Two kinds of characters are particularly important: the constructive specialized characters, consisting of the production of new structures, especially attachment organs allowing the mite to attach to the skin and the hair of the host, and regressive characters. Regression of the external structures is the most important phenomenon appearing in the process of evolution of parasitic mites. The importance of the regression in the parasite is correlated with the degree of evolution of the host. Host and parasite have a parallel evolution, but they go in opposite directions. The author surmises that the regressive evolution is related to the immunological reactions of the host that tend to reject the parasite. To escape from this rejection the parasite tends to select the less antigenic and therefore the most regressed phenotype. Specificity is generally strict in permanent parasites. Coevolution of host and parasite is studied in the family Myobiidae which parasitizes marsupials, insectivores, bats and rodents. The concordance between the radiations of the mites and that of their hosts is very high.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fain
- Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles
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12
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Eduardo S. The taxonomy of the family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of species occurring in ruminants. I. General considerations. Syst Parasitol 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00012228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dönges J. [The modifying effect of the final host on the development of the intestinal fluke Isthmiophora melis (Schrank 1788). Also a contribution to the taxonomic clarification of the genus Isthmiophora Lühe 1909 (Trematoda, Echinostomatidae)]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PARASITENKUNDE (BERLIN, GERMANY) 1967; 29:1-14. [PMID: 5628735 DOI: 10.1007/bf00328835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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CORT WW, AMEEL DJ, VAN DER WOUDE A. Germinal development in the sporocysts and rediae of the digenetic trematodes. Exp Parasitol 1954; 3:185-225. [PMID: 13161963 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(54)90008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Szidat L. Über die Erhaltungsfähigkeit von Helmintheneiern in Vor- und Frühgeschichtlichen Moorleichen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1944. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03177148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Szidat L. Weitere Untersuchungen über die Trematodenfauna einheimischer Süsswasserfische. Parasitol Res 1944. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02122205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Szidat L. Über die Caryophyllaeiden-Gattung Khawia H. F. Hsü 1935 und eine neue Art dieser Gattung, Khawia baltica n. spec. Parasitol Res 1941. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02121236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Beitr�ge zur Frage der Wirtsfindung des Miracidiums von Fasciola Hepatica. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 1941. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00297959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Über einen Trematoden aus der Bursa Fabricii des grauen Reihers, Episthmium bursicola Creplin 1837. Parasitol Res 1940. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02121961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Die Parasitenfauna des weissen Storches und ihre Beziehungen zu Fragen der Ökologie, Phylogenie und der Urheimat der Störche. Parasitol Res 1940. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02122018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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