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Vrbovská V, Kovařovic V, Mašlaňová I, Indráková A, Petráš P, Šedo O, Švec P, Fišarová L, Šiborová M, Mikulášek K, Sedláček I, Doškař J, Pantůček R. Staphylococcus petrasii diagnostics and its pathogenic potential enhanced by mobile genetic elements. Int J Med Microbiol 2019; 309:151355. [PMID: 31563331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2019.151355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus petrasii is recently described coagulase negative staphylococcal species and an opportunistic human pathogen, still often misidentified in clinical specimens. Four subspecies are distinguished in S. petrasii by polyphasic taxonomical analyses, however a comparative study has still not been done on the majority of isolates and their genome properties have not yet been thoroughly analysed. Here, we describe the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 65 isolates and the results of de novo sequencing, whole genome assembly and annotation of draft genomes of five strains. The strains were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to the species level and the majority of the strains were identified to the subspecies level by fingerprinting methods, (GTG)5 repetitive PCR and ribotyping. Macrorestriction profiling by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was confirmed to be a suitable strain typing method. Comparative genomics revealed the presence of new mobile genetic elements carrying antimicrobial resistance factors such as staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec, transposones, phage-inducible genomic islands, and plasmids. Their mosaic structure and similarity across coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus suggest the possible exchange of these elements. Numerous putative virulence factors such as adhesins, autolysins, exoenzymes, capsule formation genes, immunomodulators, the phage-associated sasX gene, and SCC-associated spermidine N-acetyltransferase gene, pseudouridine and sorbitol utilization operons might explain clinical manifestations of S. petrasii isolates. The increasing recovery of S. petrasii isolates from human clinical material, the multi-drug resistance including methicillin resistance of S. petrasii subsp. jettensis strains, and virulence factors homologous to other pathogenic staphylococci demonstrate the importance of the species in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vrbovská
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kovařovic
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Mašlaňová
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Indráková
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Petráš
- Reference Laboratory for Staphylococci, National Institute of Public Health, Šrobárova 48, 100 42 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Šedo
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Švec
- Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Fišarová
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Šiborová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Mikulášek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Sedláček
- Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Doškař
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Pantůček
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
This study included 502 staphylococcus strains; Staphylococcus saprophyticus (297 strains) S. cohnii (47), S. xylosus (10), S. epidermidis (67) and S. aureus (81). Mitomycin C induction was performed on 100 isolates of S. saprophyticus and all induced strains were reacted with each other. Twenty-six strains proved to be lysogenic. Phages were propagated and titrated. With 12 of the phages there were three frequent associations, named lytic groups A, B and C, which included 75% of all typable strains. Typability of the system was 45% and reproducibility was between 94.2% and 100%. Phages did not lyse S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains, but they lysed S. saprophyticus and only rare strains of other novobiocin resistant species. Effective S. saprophyticus typing serves ecological purposes and tracing the origin of urinary strains from the skin or mucous membranes. Phage typing in association with plasmid profiling previously described, are anticipated as complementary methods with strong discriminatory power for differentiating among S. saprophyticus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Torres Pereira
- Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, University of Lisbon, Portugal
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