Ion exchange behavior of fresh human bone

The effect of age and gender on 38 chemical element contents in human femoral neck investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis

The effect of age and gender on 38 chemical element contents in femoral neck of 85 apparently healthy 15-55-year-old women (n = 38) and men (n = 47) was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Mean values (M +/- SEpsilonMu) for mass fraction (on dry weight basis) of Ca, Cl, Co, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr, and Zn for both female and male taken together were: Ca 153 +/- 3 g/kg, Cl 1,188 +/- 48 mg/kg, Co 0.0039 +/- 0.0004 mg/kg, Fe 55.5 +/- 8.8 mg/kg, K 490 +/- 22 mg/kg, Mg 1,940 +/- 48 mg/kg, Mn 0.385 +/- 0.015 mg/kg, Na 3,850 +/- 70 mg/kg, P 73.0 +/- 1.5 g/kg, Sr 288 +/- 18 mg/kg, and Zn 55.5 +/- 1.6 mg/kg, respectively. The upper limit of mean contents of Cr, Cs, Eu, Hg, Rb, Sb, Sc, and Se were: Cr < or = 0.2, Cs < or = 0.02, Eu < or = 0.007, Hg < or = 0.006, Rb < or = 0.8, Sb < or = 0.02, Sc < or = 0.0004, and Se < or = 0.06 mg/kg, respectively. In all bone samples, the contents of Ag, As, Au, Ba, Br, Cd, Ce, Gd, Hf, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Ta, Tb, Th, U, Yb, and Zr were under detection limits. The Ca, Mg, and P contents decrease with age. Higher Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and Sr mass fractions are typical of female femoral neck as compared to those in male bone.

Neutron activation analysis of calcium/phosphorus ratio in rib bone of healthy humans

The Ca/P ratio was estimated in intact rib bone samples from healthy humans, 37 women and 45 men, aged from 15 to 55 years using instrumental neutron activation analysis. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) age- or sex-related differences in the Ca/P ratio were observed. The mean value (M+/-SD) for the investigated parameter for the whole group studied, 2.33+/-0.34, was within a very wide range of published data and close to the median value.

Determination of calcium, phosphorus, and the calcium/phosphorus ratio in cortical bone from the human femoral neck by neutron activation analysis

Concentrations of Ca and P as well as the Ca/P ratio were estimated in intact cortical bone samples from the femoral neck of healthy humans, 33 women and 45 men, aged from 15 to 55 yr using instrumental neutron activation analysis. Mean values (M +/- SD) for the investigated parameters (on dry weight basis) were: 23.0 +/- 3.9%, 10.7 +/- 2.4% and 2.17 +/- 0.31, respectively. No statistically significant differences of the above parameters were observed related either to age or sex. The mean values for Ca, P and Ca/P ratio were within a very wide range of published data and close to their median. The individual variation for the Ca/P ratio in cortical bone from the healthy human femoral neck was lower than those for Ca and P separately. This means that specificity of Ca/P ratio is better than those of Ca and P concentrations are and may be more reliable for diagnosis of bone disorders.