1
|
Cheng Y, Zhai Y, Yuan Y, Wang Q, Li S, Sun H. The Contributions of Thrombospondin-1 to Epilepsy Formation. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:658-672. [PMID: 38528256 PMCID: PMC11127911 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neural network disorder caused by uncontrolled neuronal hyperexcitability induced by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory networks. Abnormal synaptogenesis plays a vital role in the formation of overexcited networks. Recent evidence has confirmed that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), mainly secreted by astrocytes, is a critical cytokine that regulates synaptogenesis during epileptogenesis. Furthermore, numerous studies have reported that TSP-1 is also involved in other processes, such as angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, which are closely associated with the occurrence and development of epilepsy. In this review, we summarize the potential contributions of TSP-1 to epilepsy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yujie Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Shucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taghizadehghalehjoughi A, Naldan ME, Yeni Y, Genc S, Hacimuftuoglu A, Isik M, Necip A, Bolat İ, Yildirim S, Beydemir S, Baykan M. Effect of fentanyl and remifentanil on neuron damage and oxidative stress during induction neurotoxicity. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18118. [PMID: 38332529 PMCID: PMC10853584 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Opioids can be used for medical and non-medical purposes. Chronic pain such as cancer, as well as the frequent use of such drugs in places such as operating rooms and intensive care units, and in non-medical areas like drug abuse the effects and side effects of these drugs need to be examined in more detail. For this purpose, the effects of fentanyl and remifentanil drugs on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and cholinesterase metabolism were investigated. Neuron cells (CRL-10742) were used for the evaluation of the toxicity of fentanyl and remifentanil. MTT, PON1 activity and total thiol levels for its effect on oxidative stress, AChE and BChE activities for its effect on the cholinergic system, and TNF, IL-8 and IL-10 gene levels for its neuroinflammation effect were determined. The highest neurotoxic dose of fentanyl and remifentanil was determined as 10 μg/mL. It was observed that the rate of neuron cells in this dose has decreased by up to 61.80% and 56.89%, respectively. The IL-8 gene expression level in both opioids was down-regulated while IL 10 gene level was up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control. In our results, the TNF gene expression level differs between the two opioids. In the fentanyl group, it was seen to be up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control. Fentanyl and remifentanil showed an inhibitory effect against PON1, while remifentanil showed an increase in total thiol levels. PON1, BChE and total thiol activities showed similarity with MTT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammet Emin Naldan
- Department of Anesthesiology and ReanimationUniversity of Health Sciences, Hospital of CityErzurumTurkey
| | - Yesim Yeni
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Sidika Genc
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineBilecik Seyh Edebali UniversityBilecikTurkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Mesut Isik
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of EngineeringBilecik Seyh Edebali UniversityBilecikTurkey
| | - Adem Necip
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health ServicesHarran UniversitySanlıurfaTurkey
| | - İsmail Bolat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAtaturk UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Sukru Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAnadolu UniversityEskisehirTurkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Seyh Edebali UniversityBilecikTurkey
| | - Mahmut Baykan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineBilecik Seyh Edebali UniversityBilecikTurkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdelsalam SA, Renu K, Zahra HA, Abdallah BM, Ali EM, Veeraraghavan VP, Sivalingam K, Ronsard L, Ammar RB, Vidya DS, Karuppaiya P, Al-Ramadan SY, Rajendran P. Polyphenols Mediate Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemic Stroke-An Update. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051107. [PMID: 36904106 PMCID: PMC10005012 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the main causes of mortality and disability, and it is due to be included in monetary implications on wellbeing frameworks around the world. Ischemic stroke is caused by interference in cerebral blood flow, leading to a deficit in the supply of oxygen to the affected region. It accounts for nearly 80-85% of all cases of stroke. Oxidative stress has a significant impact on the pathophysiologic cascade in brain damage leading to stroke. In the acute phase, oxidative stress mediates severe toxicity, and it initiates and contributes to late-stage apoptosis and inflammation. Oxidative stress conditions occur when the antioxidant defense in the body is unable to counteract the production and aggregation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The previous literature has shown that phytochemicals and other natural products not only scavenge oxygen free radicals but also improve the expressions of cellular antioxidant enzymes and molecules. Consequently, these products protect against ROS-mediated cellular injury. This review aims to give an overview of the most relevant data reported in the literature on polyphenolic compounds, namely, gallic acid, resveratrol, quercetin, kaempferol, mangiferin, epigallocatechin, and pinocembrin, in terms of their antioxidant effects and potential protective activity against ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salaheldin Abdelraouf Abdelsalam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Hamad Abu Zahra
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem M. Abdallah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas M. Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Kalaiselvi Sivalingam
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Larance Ronsard
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rebai Ben Ammar
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Technopole of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Devanathadesikan Seshadri Vidya
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Palaniyandi Karuppaiya
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - S. Y. Al-Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Chennai 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-0135899543
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song Z, Zhou Y, Han X, Qin J, Tang X. Recent advances in enzymeless-based electrochemical sensors to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1175-1188. [PMID: 33458727 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02745f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of sensitive electrochemical sensors to detect biomarkers is an effective method for the early diagnosis of several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc. However, the commercialization of enzyme/aptamer-based sensors is still hampered owing to the historic drawbacks of biorecognition elements including high cost, poor stability, and complex integration technology. Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors are more attractive compared to their traditional counterparts and can be widely harnessed owing to their low cost, high stability, sensitivity, and ease of miniaturization. This review summarizes recent research progress focusing on the construction of non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors and analyzes their present use in the early diagnosis of NDs. Additionally, this review addresses the limitations and challenges of the use of current non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor technologies for the diagnosis of NDs and highlights the possible directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Song
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jieling Qin
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Navarro-Espinoza S, Angulo-Molina A, Meza-Figueroa D, López-Cervantes G, Meza-Montenegro M, Armienta A, Soto-Puebla D, Silva-Campa E, Burgara-Estrella A, Álvarez-Bajo O, Pedroza-Montero M. Effects of Untreated Drinking Water at Three Indigenous Yaqui Towns in Mexico: Insights from a Murine Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020805. [PMID: 33477870 PMCID: PMC7832869 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Reports in a northwestern Mexico state linked arsenic (As) in drinking water to DNA damage in people from indigenous communities. However, this correlation remains under discussion due to unknown variables related to nutrition, customs, and the potential presence of other metal(oid)s. Methods: To determine this association, we sampled water from three Yaqui towns (Cócorit, Vícam, and Pótam), and analyzed the metals by ICP-OES. We exposed four separate groups, with five male CD-1 mice each, to provide further insight into the potential effects of untreated drinking water. Results: The maximum concentrations of each metal(oid) in µg·L−1 were Sr(819) > Zn(135) > As(75) > Ba(57) > Mo(56) > Cu(17) > Al(14) > Mn(12) > Se(19). Histological studies revealed brain cells with angulation, satellitosis, and reactive gliosis with significant statistical correlation with Mn and As. Furthermore, the liver cells presented hepatocellular degeneration. Despite the early response, there is no occurrence of both statistical and significative changes in hematological parameters. Conclusions: The obtained results provide experimental insights to understand the potential effects of untreated water with low As and Mn contents in murine models. This fact is noteworthy because of the development of histological changes on both the brain and liver at subchronic exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Navarro-Espinoza
- Department of Geology, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Aracely Angulo-Molina
- Department of Biological Chemical Sciences, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Diana Meza-Figueroa
- Department of Geology, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (D.M.-F.); (M.P.-M.)
| | - Guillermo López-Cervantes
- Department of Medicine, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Mercedes Meza-Montenegro
- Department of Natural Resources, Sonora Technological Institute, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Obregon City 85000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Aurora Armienta
- Institute of Geophysics, National Autonomous University of Mexico-UNAM, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico;
| | - Diego Soto-Puebla
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Erika Silva-Campa
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Alexel Burgara-Estrella
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
| | - Osiris Álvarez-Bajo
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología CONACyT, Insurgentes 1582, Benito Juárez 03940, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Martín Pedroza-Montero
- Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico; (D.S.-P.); (E.S.-C.); (A.B.-E.); (O.Á.-B.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.-F.); (M.P.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen H, He Y, Chen S, Qi S, Shen J. Therapeutic targets of oxidative/nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke: Applications for natural product efficacy with omics and systemic biology. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104877. [PMID: 32407958 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative/nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation are critical pathological processes in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and their intimate interactions mediate neuronal damage, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) during ischemic stroke. We review current progress towards understanding the interactions of oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammatory responses in ischemic brain injury. The interactions between reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and innate immune receptors such as TLR2/4, NOD-like receptor, RAGE, and scavenger receptors are crucial pathological mechanisms that amplify brain damage during cerebral ischemic injury. Furthermore, we review the current progress of omics and systematic biology approaches for studying complex network regulations related to oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation in the pathology of ischemic stroke. Targeting oxidative/nitrosative stress and neuroinflammation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke treatment. We then review recent advances in discovering compounds from medicinal herbs with the bioactivities of simultaneously regulating oxidative/nitrosative stress and pro-inflammatory molecules for minimizing ischemic brain injury. These compounds include sesamin, baicalin, salvianolic acid A, 6-paradol, silymarin, apocynin, 3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-thione, (-)-epicatechin, rutin, Dl-3-N-butylphthalide, and naringin. We finally summarize recent developments of the omics and systematic biology approaches for exploring the molecular mechanisms and active compounds of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulae with the properties of antioxidant and anti-inflammation for neuroprotection. The comprehensive omics and systematic biology approaches provide powerful tools for exploring therapeutic principles of TCM formulae and developing precision medicine for stroke treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China
| | - Yacong He
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Suhua Qi
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), China; School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Theocharopoulou G. The ubiquitous role of mitochondria in Parkinson and other neurodegenerative diseases. AIMS Neurosci 2020; 7:43-65. [PMID: 32455165 PMCID: PMC7242057 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2020004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Orderly mitochondrial life cycle, plays a key role in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are ubiquitous in neurons as they respond to an ever-changing demand for energy supply. Mitochondria constantly change in shape and location, feature of their dynamic nature, which facilitates a quality control mechanism. Biological studies in mitochondria dynamics are unveiling the mechanisms of fission and fusion, which essentially arrange morphology and motility of these organelles. Control of mitochondrial network homeostasis is a critical factor for the proper function of neurons. Disease-related genes have been reported to be implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction. Increasing evidence implicate mitochondrial perturbation in neuronal diseases, such as AD, PD, HD, and ALS. The intricacy involved in neurodegenerative diseases and the dynamic nature of mitochondria point to the idea that, despite progress toward detecting the biology underlying mitochondrial disorders, its link to these diseases is difficult to be identified in the laboratory. Considering the need to model signaling pathways, both in spatial and temporal level, there is a challenge to use a multiscale modeling framework, which is essential for understanding the dynamics of a complex biological system. The use of computational models in order to represent both a qualitative and a quantitative structure of mitochondrial homeostasis, allows to perform simulation experiments so as to monitor the conformational changes, as well as the intersection of form and function.
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu ZQ, Liu N, Huang SS, Lin MM, Qin S, Wu JC, Liang ZQ, Qin ZH, Wang Y. NADPH protects against kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity via autophagy-lysosome pathway in rat striatum and primary cortical neurons. Toxicology 2020; 435:152408. [PMID: 32057834 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects and mechanisms of NADPH on Kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity. METHODS KA, a non-N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptor agonist, was exposed to adult SD rats via intrastriatal injection and rat primary cortical neurons to establish excitotoxic models in vivo and in vitro, respectively. To determine the effects of NADPH on KA-induced excitotoxicity, neuronal survival, neurologically behavioral score and oxidative stress were evaluated. To explore the mechanisms of neuroprotective effects of NADPH, the autophagy-lysosome pathway related proteins were detected. RESULTS In vivo, NADPH (1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg) diminished KA (2.5 nmol)-induced enlargement of lesion size in striatum, improved KA-induced dyskinesia and reversed KA-induced activation of glial cells. Nevertheless, the neuroprotective effect of NADPH was not significant under the condition of autophagy activation. NADPH (2 mg/kg) inhibited KA (2.5 nmol)-induced down-regulation of TP-53 induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) and p62, and up-regulation of the protein levels of LC3-II/LC3-I, Beclin-1 and Atg5. In vitro, the excitotoxic neuronal injury was induced after KA (50 μM, 100 μM or 200 μM) treatment as demonstrated by decreased cell viability. Moreover, KA (100 μM) increased the intracellular levels of calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and declined the levels of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH). Pretreatment of NADPH (10 μM) effectively reversed these changes. Meanwhile NADPH (10 μM) inhibited KA (100 μM)-induced down-regulation of TIGAR and p62, and up-regulation of the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, Beclin-1, Atg5, active-cathepsin B and active-cathepsin D. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a possible mechanism that NADPH ameliorates KA-induced excitotoxicity by blocking the autophagy-lysosome pathway and up-regulating TIGAR along with its antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Si-Si Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao-Miao Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shu Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun-Chao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Qin Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rajagopal V, Ramakrishnan P, Kamalanathan C. Method development on reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for the improvement of routine analysis of flavonoids on agricultural and food products. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_422_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
10
|
Praveen Kumar P, Sunil Kumar KT, Kavya Nainita M, Sai Tarun A, Raghu Ramudu BG, Deepika K, Pramoda A, Yasmeen C. Cerebroprotective Potential of Hesperidin Nanoparticles Against Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion Reperfusion Injury in Rats and In silico Approaches. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:264-274. [PMID: 31422568 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (C I/R) accelerates neuronal injury through the overproduction of reactive oxygen species due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Hesperidin has cerebroprotective effects due to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic nature against oxidative damage caused by C I/R. The blood-brain barrier also limits the hesperidin passage into the cerebral region due to its poor bioavailability. Current research included analysis of binding energy, hesperidin inhibitory constant on inflammatory cytokines (TNF α, IL 6) and apoptotic protein (caspase 3), hesperidin nanoparticles prepared, and investigation of their defense against C I/R rats. Binding energy and IC50 of hesperidin on pathological proteins using AutoDoc. 1.5.6 and PyRx in silico tools were compared with thalidomide. The fabrication method was engaged in the preparing of nano-hesperidin, characterized by SEM assessment. Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion technique has been used in experimental rats to cause C I/R. Nano-hesperidin cerebroprotective activity was assessed by differing infarction magnitude, oxidative stress parameters, TNF α and IL 6, and hippocampal histopathology with rats treated with unformulated hesperidin. Hesperidin found stronger binding strength and IC50 was relative to thalidomide on TNF α, IL 6, and caspase 3. Nano-hesperidin with a size of 100-500 nm was shown in a uniform nano-size and spherical form. Nano-hesperidin-treated rats showed significantly increased glutathione (p < 0.00***), catalase (p < 0.01**), and total protein (p < 0.001***), and decreased cerebral infarction size, TNF α (p < 0.01**), IL 6 (p < 0.01**), and malondialdehyde (p < 0.05*), compared with hesperidin-treated ischemic rats. Therefore, hesperidin nanoparticles may confer protection to the neurons against ischemic injury compared with hesperidin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Praveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - K T Sunil Kumar
- Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Kavya Nainita
- Department of Pharmacology, Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A Sai Tarun
- Department of Pharmacology, Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B G Raghu Ramudu
- Department of Pharmacology, Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K Deepika
- Department of Pharmacology, Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A Pramoda
- Department of Pharmacology, Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C Yasmeen
- Department of Pharmacology, Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Esparza JL, Gómez M, Domingo JL. Role of Melatonin in Aluminum-Related Neurodegenerative Disorders: a Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:60-67. [PMID: 29732485 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al), a potentially neurotoxic element, provokes various adverse effects on human health such as dialysis dementia, osteomalacia, and microcytic anemia. It has been also associated with serious neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinsonism dementia of Guam. The "aluminum hypothesis" of AD assumes that the metal complexes can potentiate the rate of aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ), enhancing the toxicity of this peptide, and being able of contributing to the pathogenesis of AD. It has been supported by a number of analytical, epidemiological, and neurotoxicological studies. On the other hand, melatonin (Mel) is a potent direct free radical scavenger and indirect antioxidant, which acts increasing the activity of important related antioxidant enzymes, and preventing oxidative stress and cell death of neurons exposed to Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, Mel might be useful in the treatment of AD by reducing the Aβ generation and by inhibiting mitochondrial cell death pathways. The present review on the role of Mel in Al-related neurodegenerative disorders concludes that the protective effects of this hormone, together with its low toxicity, support the administration of Mel as a potential supplement in the treatment of neurological disorders, in which oxidative stress is involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José L Esparza
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gómez
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Diao Y, Yan W, Sun W, Luo Y, Li J, Yin Y. The dual role of KCNQ/M channels upon OGD or OGD/R insults in cultured cortical neurons of mice: Timing is crucial in targeting M-channels against ischemic injur ies. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12714-12726. [PMID: 30523632 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
KCNQ/M potassium channels play a vital role in neuronal excitability; however, it is required to explore their pharmacological modulation on N-Methyl- d-aspartic acid receptors (NMDARs)-mediated glutamatergic transmission of neurons upon ischemic insults. In the current study, both presynaptic glutamatergic release and activities of NMDARs were measured by NMDAR-induced miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in cultured cortical neurons of C57 mice undergoing oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) or OGD/reperfusion (OGD/R). The KCNQ/M-channel opener, retigabine (RTG), suppressed the overactivation of postsynaptic NMDARs induced by OGD and then NO transient; RTG also decreased OGD-induced neuronal death measured with MTT assay, suggesting the beneficial role of KCNQ/M-channels for the neurons exposed to ischemic insults. However, when the neurons exposed to the subsequent reperfusion, KCNQ/M-channels played a differential role from its protective effect. OGD/R increased presynaptic glutamatergic release, which was further augmented by RTG or decreased by KCNQ/M-channel blocker, XE991. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were produced partly in a NO-dependent manner. In addition, XE991 decreased neuronal injuries upon reperfusion measured with DCF and PI staining. Meanwhile, the addition of RTG upon OGD or XE991 upon reperfusion can reverse OGD or OGD/R-reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Our present study indicates the dual role of KCNQ/M-channels in OGD and OGD/R, which will decide the fate of neurons. Provided that activation of KCNQ/M-channels has differential effects on neuronal injuries during OGD or OGD/R, we propose that therapy targeting KCNQ/M-channels may be effective for ischemic injuries but the proper timing is so crucial for the corresponding treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Diao
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Yan
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanlin Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfa Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Yin
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li M, Xu T, Zhou F, Wang M, Song H, Xiao X, Lu B. Neuroprotective Effects of Four Phenylethanoid Glycosides on H₂O₂-Induced Apoptosis on PC12 Cells via the Nrf2/ARE Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041135. [PMID: 29642608 PMCID: PMC5979387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor against oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders. Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs; salidroside, acteoside, isoacteoside, and echinacoside) exhibit antioxidant and neuroprotective bioactivities. This study was performed to investigate the neuroprotective effect and molecular mechanism of PhGs. PhGs pretreatment significantly suppressed H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells by triggering the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and reversing the downregulated protein expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutamate cysteine ligase-catalytic subunit (GCLC), and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM). Nrf2 siRNA or HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) reduced the neuroprotective effect. PhGs showed potential interaction with the Nrf2 binding site in Kelch-like ECH-association protein 1 (Keap1). This result may support the hypothesis that PhGs are activators of Nrf2. We demonstrated the potential binding between PhGs and the Keap1-activated Nrf2/ARE pathway, and that PhGs with more glycosides had enhanced effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maiquan Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Huaxin Song
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xing Xiao
- College of The First Clinical Medical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Baiyi Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Antioxidative Potential of a Streptomyces sp. MUM292 Isolated from Mangrove Soil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4823126. [PMID: 29805975 PMCID: PMC5899857 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4823126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mangrove derived microorganisms constitute a rich bioresource for bioprospecting of bioactive natural products. This study explored the antioxidant potentials of Streptomyces bacteria derived from mangrove soil. Based on 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, strain MUM292 was identified as the genus Streptomyces. Strain MUM292 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99.54% with S. griseoruber NBRC12873T. Furthermore, strain MUM292 was also characterized and showed phenotypic characteristics consistent with Streptomyces bacteria. Fermentation and extraction were performed to obtain the MUM292 extract containing the secondary metabolites of strain MUM292. The extract displayed promising antioxidant activities, including DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide radical scavenging and also metal-chelating activities. The process of lipid peroxidation in lipid-rich product was also retarded by MUM292 extract and resulted in reduced MDA production. The potential bioactive constituents of MUM292 extract were investigated using GC-MS and preliminary detection showed the presence of pyrazine, pyrrole, cyclic dipeptides, and phenolic compound in MUM292 extract. This work demonstrates that Streptomyces MUM292 can be a potential antioxidant resource for food and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
|
15
|
Synergistic and Defensive Properties of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, and Terminalia bellerica Extracts Against Serum/Glucose Deprivation-Induced PC12 Cells Death. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.65032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
16
|
Wang Q, Dwivedi Y. Transcriptional profiling of mitochondria associated genes in prefrontal cortex of subjects with major depressive disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:592-603. [PMID: 27269743 PMCID: PMC5389940 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1197423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent evidences suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction maybe involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the role of mitochondrial genes in this disorder has not been studied systematically. In the present study, we profiled expression of mitochondrial genes in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) of MDD and non-psychiatric control subjects. METHODS Human mitochondrial RT2 profile PCR array plates were used to examine differentially expressed genes in dlPFC of 11 MDD and 11 control subjects. Differentially expressed genes were validated independently by qRT-PCR. Biological relevance of differentially expressed genes was analysed by gene ontology (GO) and ingenuity pathways analysis (IPA). RESULTS We found that 16 genes were differentially expressed in the MDD group compared with control group. Among them, three genes were downregulated and 13 genes upregulated. None of these genes were affected by confounding variables, such as age, post-mortem interval, brain pH, and antidepressant toxicology. Seven differentially expressed genes were successfully validated in MDD subjects. GO and IPA analyses identified several new regulatory networks associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions in MDD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest abnormal mitochondrial systems in the brain of MDD subjects which could be involved in the etiopathogenesis of this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nabeka H, Saito S, Li X, Shimokawa T, Khan MSI, Yamamiya K, Kawabe S, Doihara T, Hamada F, Kobayashi N, Matsuda S. Interneurons secrete prosaposin, a neurotrophic factor, to attenuate kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity. IBRO Rep 2017; 3:17-32. [PMID: 30135939 PMCID: PMC6084830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PS increased mainly in the axons of PV positive interneurons after kainic acid (KA) injection. Electron microscopy revealed PS containing vesicles in PV positive axons. PS is secreted with secretogranin from synapses. The increased PS in the interneurons was due to increases in PS + 0, as in the choroid plexus. Interneurons produce and secrete intact PS around the hippocampal pyramidal neurons to protect them from KA neurotoxicity.
Prosaposin (PS) is a secretory neurotrophic factor, as well as a regulator of lysosomal enzymes. We previously reported the up-regulation of PS and the possibility of its axonal transport by GABAergic interneurons after exocitotoxicity induced by kainic acid (KA), a glutamate analog. In the present study, we performed double immunostaining with PS and three calcium binding protein markers: parvalbumin (PV), calbindin, and calretinin, for the subpopulation of GABAergic interneurons, and clarified that the increased PS around the hippocampal pyramidal neurons after KA injection existed mainly in the axons of PV positive interneurons. Electron microscopy revealed PS containing vesicles in the PV positive axon. Double immunostaining with PS and secretogranin or synapsin suggested that PS is secreted with secretogranin from synapses. Based on the results from in situ hybridization with two alternative splicing forms of PS mRNA, the increase of PS in the interneurons was due to the increase of PS + 0 (mRNA without 9-base insertion) as in the choroid plexus, but not PS + 9 (mRNA with 9-base insertion). These results were similar to those from the choroid plexus, which secretes an intact form PS + 0 to the cerebrospinal fluid. Neurons, especially PV positive GABAergic interneurons, produce and secrete the intact form of PS around hippocampal pyramidal neurons to protect them against KA neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Nabeka
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shouichiro Saito
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shimokawa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Md Sakirul Islam Khan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kimiko Yamamiya
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Doihara
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hamada
- Department of Human Anatomy, Oita University Fuculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Naoto Kobayashi
- Medical Education Center, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Seiji Matsuda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mahdavi S, Khodarahmi P, Roodbari NH. Effects of cadmium on Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio in rat cortex brain and hippocampus. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:321-328. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327117703687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the underlying mechanism of neurotoxicity of cadmium, we examined the effects of intraperitoneal injection of cadmium on messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) and Bax (Bcl2-associated x) genes and caspase-3/7 activation in rat hippocampus and frontal cortex. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were randomly divided into four groups. Control group received saline and three other groups received cadmium at doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg (body weight) for 15 successive days. One day after the last injection, the hippocampus and frontal cortex were dissected and removed and then the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction and apoptotic studies was done using caspase-3/7 activation assay. Cadmium reduced the mRNA level of Bcl-2 in the control group at doses of 1 ( p < 0.01), 2 and 4 mg/kg ( p < 0.001) in rat hippocampus and cortex cells. The mRNA level of Bax increased significantly compared to the control group at the doses of 1 ( p < 0.05), 2 and 4 mg/kg ( p < 0.001) in rat hippocampus. The mRNA level of Bax was increased significantly compared to the control group at the doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg ( p < 0.001) in rat cortex cells. Cadmium increased caspase-3/7 activity at doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg in rat hippocampus. Caspase-3/7 activity was increased significantly at dose of 4 mg/kg in rat cortex. This decreased Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio induces cell apoptosis. Apoptotic effect of cadmium may be through the mitochondrial pathway by the activation of caspase-3/7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - P Khodarahmi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - NH Roodbari
- Department of Biology, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ischemic optic neuropathy as a model of neurodegenerative disorder: A review of pathogenic mechanism of axonal degeneration and the role of neuroprotection. J Neurol Sci 2016; 375:430-441. [PMID: 28320183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Optic neuropathy is a neurodegenerative disease which involves optic nerve injury. It is caused by acute or intermittent insults leading to visual dysfunction. There are number of factors, responsible for optic neuropathy, and the optic nerve axon is affected in all type which causes the loss of retinal ganglion cells. In this review we will highlight various mechanisms involved in the cell loss cascades during axonal degeneration as well as ischemic optic neuropathy. These mechanisms include oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, angiogenesis, neuroinflammation and apoptosis following retinal ischemia. We will also discuss the effect of neuroprotective agents in attenuation of the negative effect of factors involve in the disease occurrence and progression.
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee JH, Kim MS, Park BR. Vestibular end organ injury induced by middle ear treatment with ferric chloride in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:146-159. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327116639365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss, ataxia, pyramidal signs, and vestibular deficits characterize superficial siderosis of the central nervous system. This study investigated changes in vestibular function, free radical formation, and phosphorylated cJun expression in the vestibular end organs after middle ear treatment with a ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution. A single injection of 70% FeCl3 solution into the unilateral middle ear cavity caused static vestibular symptoms, such as spontaneous nystagmus and head tilt. Asymmetric expression of c-Fos protein was observed in the bilateral vestibular nuclei and prepositus hypoglossal nuclei within 6 h after injection. Histopathologic examinations revealed partial hair cell loss, degeneration of the supporting stroma, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells in the neuroepithelial layer of the crista ampullaris in FeCl3-treated animals. 5-(And-6)-chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, acetyl ester and diaminofluorescein–2 diacetate fluorescence and immunoreactivity for nitrotyrosine increased markedly in the sensory neuroepithelial layer and nerve bundles of the crista ampullaris after 2 h. Strong immunoreactivity for phospho-cJun and cJun was observed in the type I hair cells of the crista ampullaris 120 h after injection. Thus, a single short-term treatment with a high concentration of FeCl3 in the unilateral middle ear cavity can induce activation of intracellular signals for cJun protein and oxidative stress through the formation of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in vestibular sensory receptors, resulting in vestibular dysfunction. These results suggest that activation of intracellular signals for cJun protein and oxidative stress may be a key component of the pathogenesis of vestibular deficits in patients with superficial siderosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JH Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - MS Kim
- Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Brain Science Institute at Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - BR Park
- Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Brain Science Institute at Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang M, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu J, Zhang J, Gu Q. Roles of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and heme oxygenase-1 in ethylbenzene-induced renal toxicity in NRK-52E cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 32:1952-1960. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233715602834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ethylbenzene is an important industrial chemical, but its potential toxicity is a recent concern. Our previous study investigated the renal toxicity of ethylbenzene in vivo. Rat renal epithelial cells (NRK-52E cells) were incubated with 0, 30, 60, and 90 µmol/L of ethylbenzene for 24 h in vitro to investigate ethylbenzene-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor (erythroid 2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The cell survival rate in the ethylbenzene-treated groups was significantly lower than the control group. Ethylbenzene significantly increased intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly elevated compared with the control group, while glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased in ethylbenzene-treated groups. The activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were also markedly reduced. A significant dose-dependent increase in HO-1 and Nrf2 messenger RNA expression levels was observed in ethylbenzene-treated groups compared with the control group. Similarly, ethylbenzene treatment enhanced protein expression of HO-1 and Nrf2 in a dose-dependent manner. Our results indicated that ethylbenzene induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and upregulation of HO-1 and Nrf2 in NRK-52E cells, which contributes to ethylbenzene-induced renal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanrang Wang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingshu Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Gu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sajadian M, Hashemi M, Salimi S, Nakhaee A. The Effect of Experimental Thyroid Dysfunction on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Rat Pancreas. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:199-205. [PMID: 27241437 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of thyroid dysfunction on markers of oxidative stress in rat pancreas. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were, respectively, induced in rats via administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) and L-thyroxine sodium salt in drinking water for 45 days. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathioen peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), xanthine oxidase (XO), and nonenzymatic markers of oxidative stress including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total thiols (T-SH) were determined in the rat pancreas. In hyperthyroid rats, pancreatic CAT, SOD, GPx, GR, XO, G6PD activities were increased compared with those in hypothyroid and control groups. There were no differences in activities of antioxidant enzymes between hypothyroid and control rats. Pancreatic MDA and PC in hyperthyroid rats increased compared with hypothyroid and the control animals. Whereas, hyperthyroid rats had decreased levels of tissue GSH and T-SH compared with hypothyroid and the control groups. The findings showed that only GSH level has decreased significantly in the hypothyroid group compared with control groups. In conclusion, our results showed that experimental hyperthyroidism induces oxidative stress in pancreas of rats, but hypothyroidism has no major impact on oxidative stress markers. Drug Dev Res 77 : 199-205, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Sajadian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Salimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nakhaee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hou F, Su D, Xu J, Gong Y, Zhang R, Wei Z, Chi J, Zhang M. Enhanced Extraction of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity from Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Shell Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Ethanol-Water Binary Solvent. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Hou
- College of Food Science; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Zhongshan 528458 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxiao Su
- Department of Food Science and Engineering; College of Life Science, Yangtze University; Jingzhou Hubei 434025 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrui Xu
- College of Food Science; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Zhongshan 528458 People's Republic of China
| | - Yushi Gong
- College of Food Science; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Zhongshan 528458 People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture; Sericultural and Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou 510610 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhencheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture; Sericultural and Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou 510610 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Chi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture; Sericultural and Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou 510610 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering; College of Life Science, Yangtze University; Jingzhou Hubei 434025 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture; Sericultural and Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangzhou 510610 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common chromosomal disorders, occurring in one out of 700-1000 live births, and the most common cause of mental retardation. Thyroid dysfunction is the most typical endocrine abnormality in patients with DS. It is well known that thyroid dysfunction is highly prevalent in children and adults with DS and that both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are more common in patients with DS than in the general population. Increasing evidence has shown that DS individuals are under unusual increased oxidative stress, which may be involved in the higher prevalence and severity of a number of pathologies associated with the syndrome, as well as the accelerated ageing observed in these individuals. The gene for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is coded on chromosome 21 and it is overexpressed (~50%) resulting in an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). ROS leads to oxidative damage of DNA, proteins and lipids, therefore, oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ángela Casado
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Centre for Biological Research - Spanish National Research Council (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Duan T, Fan K, Chen S, Yao Q, Zeng R, Hong Z, Peng L, Shao Y, Yao B. Role of peroxiredoxin 2 in H2O2‑induced oxidative stress of primary Leydig cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4807-13. [PMID: 27082744 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Late‑onset hypogonadism is defined as a condition caused by a decline in the levels of testosterone with aging. One of the major factors contributing to the low levels of testosterone is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Leydig cells during the ageing process. Peroxiredoxin 2 (Prdx2), a member of the peroxiredoxin family, is an antioxidant protein, the predominant function of which is to neutralize ROS. However, its role in Leydig cells remains to be elucidated. In the present study, primary Leydig cells were exposed to low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce oxidative stress. Cell apoptosis was measured using an Annexin V fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide apoptosis detection kit and flow cytometry. The level of testosterone was determined by radioimmunoassay, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Prdx2 were detected by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The results revealed a significant increase in cell apoptosis and decrease in testosterone production. In addition, the expression of Prdx2 was decreased by H2O2 in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, and this decrease may have been caused by the induction of its molecular structure transformation due to H2O2 elimination. The above findings indicated that Prdx2 may prevent H2O2 accumulation in Leydig cells, and may be important in oxidative stress‑induced apoptosis and decreased testosterone production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Duan
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Kai Fan
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Shengrong Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Qi Yao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Hong
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Longping Peng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yong Shao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Bing Yao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Neuroprotective activities of fermented Ganoderma lucidum extracts by lactic acid bacteria against H2O2-stimulated oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
27
|
Moradmand Jalali H, Bashiri H, Rasa H. Study of photo-oxidative reactivity of sunscreening agents based on photo-oxidation of uric acid by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 50:59-63. [PMID: 25746246 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the mechanism of free radical production by light-reflective agents in sunscreens (TiO2, ZnO and ZrO2) was obtained by applying kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. The values of the rate constants for each step of the suggested mechanism have been obtained by simulation. The effect of the initial concentration of mineral oxides and uric acid on the rate of uric acid photo-oxidation by irradiation of some sun care agents has been studied. The kinetic Monte Carlo simulation results agree qualitatively with the existing experimental data for the production of free radicals by sun care agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Moradmand Jalali
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hadis Bashiri
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hossein Rasa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Influence of Different Doses of Levofloxacin on Antioxidant Defense Systems and Markers of Renal and Hepatic Dysfunctions in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/385023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Levofloxacin (LFX) is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of infections such as pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, and sinusitis. The present study assessed the likely toxic effect of LFX on hepatic and renal tissues in rats. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups: A: control, B: 5 mg/kg bw LFX (half therapeutic dose), C: 10 mg/kg bw LFX (therapeutic dose), and D: 20 mg/kg bw LFX (double therapeutic dose). After seven days of administration, result indicated significant (P<0.05) increase in plasma ALT, AST, and ALP activities in the treated groups compared to control. Also, there was a significant increase in plasma creatinine, urea, and total bilirubin in the treated groups relative to control. Plasma total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides also increased significantly in the treated groups relative to control. Also, hepatic MDA level increased significantly in all the treated groups. However, hepatic SOD, catalase, and GST activities were significantly reduced in the LFX-treated animals. Moreover, GSH and ascorbic acid levels were significantly decreased in the LFX-treated groups relative to control. In conclusion, three doses of levofloxacin depleted antioxidant defense system and induced oxidative stress and hepatic and renal dysfunctions in rats.
Collapse
|
29
|
Di Curzio DL, Turner-Brannen E, Del Bigio MR. Oral antioxidant therapy for juvenile rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. Fluids Barriers CNS 2014; 11:23. [PMID: 25324960 PMCID: PMC4199774 DOI: 10.1186/2045-8118-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative and nitrosylative changes have been shown to occur in conjunction with the hypoxic changes and cellular/axonal damage in hydrocephalic rodent brains. We hypothesized that antioxidant therapy would improve behavioral, neurophysiological, and/or neurobiochemical outcomes in juvenile rats following induction of hydrocephalus. Methods Three-week old rats received an injection of kaolin (aluminum silicate) into the cisterna magna. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed two weeks later to assess ventricle size and stratify rats to four treatment conditions. Rats were treated for two weeks daily with sham therapy of either oral canola oil or dextrose or experimental therapy of a low or high dose of an antioxidant mixture containing α-tocopherol, L-ascorbic acid, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), reduced glutathione, and reduced lipoic acid. Behavior was examined thrice weekly. Results All hydrocephalic groups lagged in weight gain in comparison to non-hydrocephalic controls, all developed significant ventriculomegaly, and all exhibited white matter destruction. Canola oil with or without the antioxidant mixture normalized antioxidant capacity in brain tissue, and the dextrose-treated rats had the greatest ventricular enlargement during the treatment period. However, there were no significant differences between the four treatment groups of hydrocephalic rats for the various behavioral tasks. Glial fibrillary acidic protein and myelin basic protein quantitation showed no differences between the treatment groups or with control rats. There was increased lipid peroxidation in the hydrocephalic rats compared to controls but no differences between treatment groups. Conclusion The antioxidant cocktail showed no therapeutic benefits for juvenile rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus although canola oil might have mild benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico L Di Curzio
- Departments of Human Anatomy & Cell Science, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada ; Manitoba Institute of Child Health, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Emily Turner-Brannen
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Marc R Del Bigio
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada ; Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, 727 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E 3P5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bashiri H, Jalali HM, Rasa H. Determination of Intracellular Levels of Reactive Oxygen Species Using the 2,7-dichlorofluorescein Diacetate Assay by Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation. PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2014. [DOI: 10.3184/146867814x14043731662945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive molecules which are produced normally by metabolic reactions. 2,7-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCHF-DA) assay is used to determine intracellular levels of ROS in cancer cells. In the present study, the mechanism and kinetic parameters of this determination are obtained by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. The values of the rate constants for the suggested mechanism were obtained by simulation. Then, the effect of DCHF-DA concentration on the rate of reaction was studied. According to the results, the product concentration should increase on increasing the DCHF-DA concentration. In addition, the effect of ROS concentration on the rate of reaction was determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Bashiri
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Moradmand Jalali
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Rasa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Modulation of neuropathic pain in experimental diabetes mellitus. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:355-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
32
|
Neuroprotective effects of idebenone against pilocarpine-induced seizures: modulation of antioxidant status, DNA damage and Na(+), K (+)-ATPase activity in rat hippocampus. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:394-402. [PMID: 24414170 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated the neuroprotective activity of idebenone against pilocarpine-induced seizures and hippocampal injury in rats. Idebenone is a ubiquinone analog with antioxidant, and ATP replenishment effects. It is well tolerated and has low toxicity. Previous studies reported the protective effects of idebenone against neurodegenerative diseases such as Friedreich's ataxia and Alzheimer's disease. So far, the efficacy of idebenone in experimental models of seizures has not been tested. To achieve this aim, rats were randomly distributed into six groups. Two groups were treated with either normal saline (0.9 %, i.p., control group) or idebenone (200 mg/kg, i.p., Ideb200 group) for three successive days. Rats of the other four groups (P400, Ideb50 + P400, Ideb100 + P400, and Ideb200 + P400) received either saline or idebenone (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) for 3 days, respectively followed by a single dose of pilocarpine (400 mg/kg, i.p.). All rats were observed for 6 h post pilocarpine injection. Latency to the first seizure, and percentages of seizures and survival were recorded. Surviving animals were sacrificed, and the hippocampal tissues were separated and used for the measurement of lipid peroxides, total nitrate/nitrite, glutathione and DNA fragmentation levels, in addition to catalase and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activities. Results revealed that in a dose-dependent manner, idebenone (100, 200 mg/kg) prolonged the latency to the first seizure, elevated the percentage of survival and diminished the percentage of pilocapine-induced seizures in rats. Significant increases in lipid peroxides, total nitrate/nitrite, DNA fragmentation levels and catalase activity, in addition to a significant reduction in glutathione level and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity were observed in pilocarpine group. Pre-administration of idebenone (100, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) to pilocarpine-treated rats, significantly reduced lipid peroxides, total nitrate/nitrite, DNA fragmentation levels, and normalized catalase activity. Moreover, idebenone prevented pilocarpine-induced detrimental effects on brain hippocampal glutathione level, and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase enzyme activity in rats. Data obtained from the current investigation emphasized the critical role of oxidative stress in induction of seizures by pilocarpine and elucidated the prominent neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of idebenone in this model.
Collapse
|
33
|
Darvesh AS, Carroll RT, Bishayee A, Geldenhuys WJ, Van der Schyf CJ. Oxidative stress and Alzheimer’s disease: dietary polyphenols as potential therapeutic agents. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 10:729-45. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.10.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
34
|
Ullah I, Park HY, Kim MO. Anthocyanins protect against kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity and apoptosis via ROS-activated AMPK pathway in hippocampal neurons. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 20:327-38. [PMID: 24393263 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Excitotoxicity is an important mechanism involved in neurodegeneration. Kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity results an unfavorable stress, and we investigated the signaling pathways activated in such conditions. AIMS Here, we sought to determine the cellular and biochemical benefits of anthocyanins extracted from Korean black bean against KA-induced excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse hippocampal cell line (HT22) and primary prenatal rat hippocampal neurons were treated with KA to induce excitotoxicity. Incubation of the cells with KA alone significantly decreased cell viability, elevated intracellular Ca(2+) level, increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ(M)). These events were accompanied by sustained phosphorylation and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Kainic acid induced upregulation of Bax, decrease in Bcl-2, release of cytochrome-c, and activation of caspase-3 in both cell types. Anthocyanins attenuated KA-induced dysregulation of Ca(2+), ROS accumulation, activation of AMPK, and increase in percentage of apoptotic cells. Pretreatment of the cells with compound C, an inhibitor of AMPK, diminished the KA-induced activation of AMPK and caspase-3. The activation of AMPK through elevation of cellular ROS and Ca(2+) levels is required for KA-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our data suggest that although anthocyanins have diverse activities, at least part of their beneficial effects against KA-induced hippocampal degeneration can be attributed to their well-recognized antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ullah
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences (RINS), Applied Life Science (BK 21) Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Chandrashekhar VM, Ganapaty S, Ramkishan A, Narsu ML. Neuroprotective activity of gossypin from Hibiscus vitifolius against global cerebral ischemia model in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2013; 45:575-80. [PMID: 24347764 PMCID: PMC3847246 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.121367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of gossypin (isolated from Hibiscus vitifolius) against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced oxidative stress in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague Dawlet rats of wither gender were used in the study. Evaluation of cerbroprotective activity of bioflavonoid gossypin (in 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg oral doses) isolated from H. vitifolius was carried out by using the global cerebral I/R model by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 30 min, followed by 24 h reperfusion. The antioxidant enzymatic and non-enzymatic levels were estimated along with histopathological studies. RESULT Gossypin showed dose-dependent neuroprotective activity by significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001) and increase in the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and total thiol levels in gossypin treated groups when compared to control group. Cerebral infarction area was markedly reduced in gossypin treated groups when compared to control group. CONCLUSION Gossypin showed potent neuroprotective activity against global cerebral I/R injury-induced oxidative stress in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. M. Chandrashekhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Hanagal Shri Kumareshwar College of Pharmacy, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Ganapaty
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Division, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - A. Ramkishan
- CDSCO, Subzonal Office, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - M. Laxmi Narsu
- Center of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, JNT University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lu W, Fu Z, Wang H, Feng J, Wei J, Guo J. Peroxiredoxin 2 knockdown by RNA interference inhibits the growth of colorectal cancer cells by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cancer Lett 2013; 343:190-9. [PMID: 24125860 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 2 (Prdx2) has been shown to act as an antioxidant whose main function is to reduce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in cells, and Prdx2 is abnormally elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the functional significance of this up-regulation and the detailed molecular mechanism behind the regulatory effect of Prdx2 on the growth of CRC cells have not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that Prdx2 knockdown using a lentiviral vector-mediated specific shRNA inhibited cell growth, stimulated apoptosis, and augmented the production of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further, silencing of Prdx2 resulted in an altered expression of proteins associated with the Wnt signaling pathway. Finally, Prdx2 knockdown contributed to attenuated CRC growth in BALB/c nude mice. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that the regulatory effects of Prdx2 can be partially attributed to Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhongxue Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jihong Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinlai Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinbao Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vyas P, Kalidindi S, Chibrikova L, Igamberdiev AU, Weber JT. Chemical analysis and effect of blueberry and lingonberry fruits and leaves against glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:7769-76. [PMID: 23875756 DOI: 10.1021/jf401158a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are a large class of phytochemicals that are widespread in the plant kingdom and known to have antioxidant capacities. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant capacities as well as the content of total soluble phenolics, anthocyanins, tannins, and flavonoids in the fruits and leaves of blueberries and lingonberries growing in Newfoundland. This study also determined the potential neuroprotective effect of extracts from fruits and leaves against glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, which is believed to contribute to disorders such as stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Lingonberry and blueberry plants were found to be rich sources of phenolic compounds. Total antioxidant capacities in terms of radical scavenging activity and reducing power were much higher in leaves of both plants as compared to their fruits. These results were in correlation with phenolic contents including total flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins. Brain-derived cell cultures from rats were prepared and grown for about 2 weeks. Cell cultures were treated with glutamate (100 μM) for 24 h, and the effect of extracts was determined on cells subjected to this excitotoxicity. Glutamate treatment caused approximately 23% cell loss when measured after 24 h of exposure. Whereas lingonberry fruit extract did not provide protection from glutamate toxicity, blueberry fruit extracts were extremely protective. Leaf extracts of both lingonberry and blueberry showed a significant neuroprotective effect. The greater protective effect of leaf extracts was in correlation with the levels of phenolics and antioxidant capacity. These findings suggest that berries or their components may contribute to protecting the brain from various pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poorva Vyas
- Department of Biology and ‡School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3V6
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Walsh B, Pearl A, Suchy S, Tartaglio J, Visco K, Phelan SA. Overexpression of Prdx6 and resistance to peroxide-induced death in Hepa1-6 cells: Prdx suppression increases apoptosis. Redox Rep 2013; 14:275-84. [DOI: 10.1179/135100009x12525712409652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
40
|
Nagpal K, Singh SK, Mishra DN. Nanoparticle mediated brain targeted delivery of gallic acid: in vivo behavioral and biochemical studies for improved antioxidant and antidepressant-like activity. Drug Deliv 2013; 19:378-91. [PMID: 23173579 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2012.738437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Gallic acid had been reported to possess antidepressant like activity, which may be attributed to its CNS effects like increase in reduced glutathione levels, increased catalase activity and decreased malonaldehyde levels in brain. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to enhance the antidepressant-like activity of gallic acid (GA) using nanoparticulate delivery system in swiss male albino mice and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms for this activity. METHODS GA loaded chitosan nanoparticles (GANP) and corresponding tween 80 coated batch (cGANP) were formulated for brain targeting of GA and characterized for physicochemical parameters, morphology, differential scanning calorimetry and in vitro drug release. GA, GANP, cGANP (dose equivalent to GA 10 mg/kg, i.p.) and positive control drug, Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered for successive seven days to male swiss albino mice. Then, the in vivo antidepressant-like activity was evaluated using Despair Swim Test (DST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST); along with the evaluation of MAO-A activity, reduced glutathione, malonaldehyde level, catalase and locomotor activity in mice. KEYFINDINGS: cGANP (equivalent to 10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased immobility period of mice in DST and TST, indicating significant antidepressant-like activity. There was no significant effect on locomotor activity of the mice by GA and its nanoparticle formulations. cGANP (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) activity, malondialdehyde levels, and catalase activity in mice. CONCLUSIONS GA possess significant antidepressant like activity and ligand coated nanoparticle approach with improved brain targeting may serve as an effective approach to enhance such effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Nagpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Early diagnosis of radiodermatitis using lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in hairless mice (SKH1-hr). Lab Anim Res 2013; 28:239-44. [PMID: 23326284 PMCID: PMC3542382 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2012.28.4.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate a method for the early diagnosis of radiodermatitis for use in the prevention and therapy of this condition. Hairless mice (SKH1-hr) were used to study the early diagnosis of radiodermatitis. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) isozymes were analyzed using native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting of blood serum and tissues collected from SKH1-hr mice. Radiodermatitis developed 24 days after the first X-irradiation. Reduced spleen weight was observed after the last X-irradiation (P<0.05). Thereafter the weight increased until 24 days after the first irradiation, finally reaching levels comparable to those in the sham-irradiated control group. LDH activity was the highest in skeletal muscle and lowest in blood serum. LDH C4, A4, A3B, A2B2, AB3, and B4 isozymes were detected, in the mentioned order, from the cathode. This result was similar in other mouse strains. In the irradiated group, LDH A4 isozyme levels were reduced in the serum until inflammation occurred, whereas those of B4 isozyme were elevated. The subunits A and B followed a similar trend to that of LDH A4 and B4 isozyme, respectively. Importantly, antibodies against LDH B4 isozyme could prove useful in the early diagnosis of radiodermatitis.
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Green Tea Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Deficits in Ischemic Rats via Its Active Component Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-gallate by Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:163106. [PMID: 22919410 PMCID: PMC3419441 DOI: 10.1155/2012/163106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke results in brain damage and behavioral deficits including memory impairment. Protective effects of green tea extract (GTex) and its major functional polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on memory were examined in cerebral ischemic rats. GTex and EGCG were administered 1 hr before middle cerebral artery ligation in rats. GTex, EGCG, and pentoxifylline (PTX) significantly improved ishemic-induced memory impairment in a Morris water maze test. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were increased by long-term treatment with GTex and EGCG. Both compounds were also associated with reduced cerebral infraction breakdown of MDA and GSH in the hippocampus. In in vitro experiments, EGCG had anti-inflammatory effects in BV-2 microglia cells. EGCG inhibited lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced nitric oxide production and reduced cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in BV-2 cells. GTex and its active polyphenol EGCG improved learning and memory deficits in a cerebral ischemia animal model and such protection may be due to the reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
Collapse
|
44
|
Wine polyphenols: potential agents in neuroprotection. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:805762. [PMID: 22829964 PMCID: PMC3399511 DOI: 10.1155/2012/805762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous studies indicating that a moderate consumption of red wine provides certain health benefits, such as the protection against neurodegenerative diseases. This protective effect is most likely due to the presence of phenolic compounds in wine. Wine polyphenolic compounds are well known for the antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress is involved in many forms of cellular and molecular deterioration. This damage can lead to cell death and various neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's diseases. Extensive investigations have been undertaken to determine the neuroprotective effects of wine-related polyphenols. In this review we present the neuroprotective abilities of the major classes of wine-related polyphenols.
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim JH, Lee NS, Jeong YG, Lee JH, Kim EJ, Han SY. Protective efficacy of an Ecklonia cava extract used to treat transient focal ischemia of the rat brain. Anat Cell Biol 2012; 45:103-13. [PMID: 22822465 PMCID: PMC3398172 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2012.45.2.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlorotannins (marine algal polyphenols) have been reported to exhibit beneficial biological activities, serving as both antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Among marine algae, Ecklonia cava, a member of the Laminariaceae, is a very popular food regarded as healthy in Korea and Japan. Recently, benefits afforded by phlorotannins in the treatment of various clinical conditions have been reported, but any therapeutic effects of such materials in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke remain unclear. Also, the mechanisms of action of the algal components remain poorly understood. In the present in vivo study, administration of Ecklonia cava polyphenols (ECP) at 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) significantly decreased infarct size and the extent of brain edema in the rat after induction of transient focal ischemia via middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Further, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay revealed dose-dependent blockage of neuronal apoptosis upon intravenous ECP treatment. Neurobehavioral tests performed over the 6 days after MCAO revealed a reduction in neurological motor performance in control animals, but administration of ECP (50 mg/kg i.p.) prevented this decline. In vitro, a significant neuroprotective effect of ECP was evident when cell viability was assayed after induction of H2O2-mediated oxidative stress, upon retinoic acid treatment, in the differentiated neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Interestingly, ECP blocked the rise in cytosolic calcium, in a dose-dependent manner, in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to H2O2. Together, the results suggest that ECP exerts neuroprotective effects in the focally ischemic brain by reducing Ca2+-mediated neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hwan Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Myunggok Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Buch P, Patel V, Ranpariya V, Sheth N, Parmar S. Neuroprotective activityof Cymbopogon martinii against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:35-40. [PMID: 22855942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Watson (Family: Graminae), commonly known as Palmarosa, is traditionally prescribed for central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as neuralgia, epileptic fits and anorexia. Although the plant possesses diverse pharmacological actions, the neuroprotective action has got little attention. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study evaluated neuroprotective effect of essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii (EOCM) against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced oxidative stress in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Global ischemic brain damage was induced by bilateral common carotid artery (BCCA) occlusion for 30 min, followed by 60 min reperfusion on Wistar albino rats. The biochemical levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total thiols and glutathione (GSH) were estimated and brain coronal sections and histopathological studies were performed. RESULTS BCCA occlusion, followed by reperfusion caused varied biochemical/enzymatic alterations viz. increase in LPO and decrease in SOD, CAT, total thiols and GSH. The prior treatment of EOCM (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, p.o. for 10 days) markedly reversed these changes and restored to normal levels as compared to I/R groups. Moreover, brain coronal sections and histopathological studies revealed protection against ischemic brain damage in the EOCM-treated groups. CONCLUSION This study, for the first time, shows potent neuroprotective effect of EOCM against global cerebral I/R-induced oxidative stress in rats, suggesting its therapeutic potential in cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) including stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prakruti Buch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Paeonol Attenuates Microglia-Mediated Inflammation and Oxidative Stress–Induced Neurotoxicity in Rat Primary Microglia and Cortical Neurons. Shock 2012; 37:312-8. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e31823fe939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
48
|
Kim JY, Jeong HY, Lee HK, Kim S, Hwang BY, Bae K, Seong YH. Neuroprotection of the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis and their active compounds against ischemic brain damage in rats and excitotoxicity in cultured neurons. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:150-159. [PMID: 21778042 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Vitis amurensis (Vitaceae) has been reported to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study investigated a methanol extract from the leaf and stem of V. amurensis for neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemic damage in rats and on excitotoxicity induced by glutamate in cultured rat cortical neurons. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 2h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24h reperfusion (MCAO/reperfusion) in rats. Orally administered V. amurensis (25-100 mg/kg) reduced MCAO/reperfusion-induced infarct and edema formation, neurological deficits, and neuronal death. Depletion of glutathione (GSH) level and lipid peroxidation induced by MCAO/reperfusion was inhibited by administration of V. amurensis. The increase of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and pro-apoptotic proteins and the decrease of anti-apoptotic protein in MCAO/reperfusion rats were significantly inhibited by treatment with V. amurensis. Exposure of cultured cortical neurons to 500 μM glutamate for 12h induced neuronal cell death. V. amurensis (1-50 μg/ml) and (+)-ampelopsin A, γ-2-viniferin, and trans-ε-viniferin isolated from the leaf and stem of V. amurensis inhibited glutamate-induced neuronal death, the elevation of intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)), the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and changes of apoptosis-related proteins in cultured cortical neurons, suggesting that the neuroprotective effect of V. amurensis may be partially attributed to these compounds. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of V. amurensis against focal cerebral ischemic injury might be due to its anti-apoptotic effect, resulting from anti-excitotoxic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects and that the leaf and stem of V. amurensis have possible therapeutic roles for preventing neurodegeneration in stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Youn Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bhandari U, Ansari MN. Protective effect of aqueous extract of Embelia ribes Burm fruits in middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 40:215-20. [PMID: 20040960 PMCID: PMC2792627 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.44153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the aqueous extract of Embelia ribes, in focal ischemic brain. Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar albino rats were fed with the aqueous extract of Embelia ribes (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 30 days. After 30 days of feeding, all the animals were anaesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg, i.p.). The right middle cerebral artery was occluded with a 4-0 suture for 2 h. The suture was removed after 2 h, to allow reperfusion injury. The animals were used for grip strength measurement, biochemical estimation in serum and brain tissue (hippocampus and frontal cortex) and cerebral infarct size measurement. Results: In the ischemic group, a significant (P < 0.01) alteration in the markers of oxidative damage (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); reduced glutathione (GSH); glutathione peroxidase (GPx); glutathione reductase (GR); and, glutathione-S-transferase (GST)) was observed in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, as compared to sham operated rats. We observed that the animals treated with the aqueous extract of Embelia ribes had a significant (P < 0.01) increase in the poststroke grip strength activity. Further, supplementation with aqueous extract of Embelia ribes reversed the levels/activities of the above mentioned biochemical parameters significantly (P< 0.01) and also resulted in decreased cerebral infarct area, as compared to the ischemic group. Conclusion: The results of our study, for the first time, provide clear evidence that aqueous extract of Embelia ribes pretreatment ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and enhances the antioxidant defense against middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced cerebral infarction in rats; it exhibits neuroprotective property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Bhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ranpariya VL, Parmar SK, Sheth NR, Chandrashekhar VM. Neuroprotective activity of Matricaria recutita against fluoride-induced stress in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:696-701. [PMID: 21599496 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2010.540249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Oxidative stress plays a key role in pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and so on. Although Matricaria recutita L. (Asteraceae), German chamomile, is traditionally used for central nervous system (CNS)-related diseases, its antistress properties have received little attention. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of German chamomile against aluminium fluoride (AlF₄⁻)-induced oxidative stress in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Sprague-Dawley rats of either sex (200-250 g) were selected and grouped as: group I received normal saline; group II received AlF₄⁻ (negative control); groups III, IV, and V received 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg, orally, German chamomile methanol extract (GCME) along with AlF₄⁻; and group VI received quercetin (25 mg/kg, i.p.) + AlF₄⁻, respectively. After 10 days treatment with GCME, oxidative stress was induced by administering AlF₄⁻ through drinking water for 7 days. Then, the protective antioxidant enzyme levels were measured and the histopathological studies were carried out. RESULTS The GCME showed dose-dependent neuroprotective activity by significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and total thiol levels in extract-treated animals as compared with negative control group (P < 0.001). The histopathological studies also revealed the potent neuroprotective action of German chamomile against oxidative brain damage. CONCLUSION The present study for the first time shows potent neuroprotective activity of the methanol extract of German chamomile against AlF₄⁻-induced oxidative stress in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V L Ranpariya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360005, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|