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Elfadadny A, El-Husseiny HM, Abugomaa A, Ragab RF, Mady EA, Aboubakr M, Samir H, Mandour AS, El-Mleeh A, El-Far AH, Abd El-Aziz AH, Elbadawy M. Role of multidrug resistance-associated proteins in cancer therapeutics: past, present, and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:49447-49466. [PMID: 34355314 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer, a major public health problem, is one of the world's top leading causes of death. Common treatments for cancer include cytotoxic chemotherapy, surgery, targeted drugs, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy. However, despite the outstanding achievements in cancer therapies during the last years, resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents and new targeted drugs is still the major challenge. In the present review, we explain the different mechanisms involved in cancer therapy and the detailed outlines of cancer drug resistance regarding multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) and their role in treatment failures by common chemotherapeutic agents. Further, different modulators of MRPs are presented. Finally, we outlined the models used to analyze MRP transporters and proposed a future impact that may set up a base or pave the way for many researchers to investigate the cancer MRP further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, El-Beheira, 22511, Egypt
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, 13736, Egypt
| | - Amira Abugomaa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahliya, 35516, Egypt
| | - Rokaia F Ragab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, El-Beheira, 22511, Egypt
| | - Eman A Mady
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, 13736, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Aboubakr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, 13736, Egypt
| | - Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Mandour
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Amany El-Mleeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, El-Beheira, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ayman H Abd El-Aziz
- Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, 13736, Egypt.
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GUIZANI TAISSIREL, GUIBERT CLOTILDE, TRIKI SAÏDA, ST-PIERRE BENOIT, DUCOS ERIC. Identification of a human ABCC10 orthologue in Catharanthus roseus reveals a U12-type intron determinant for the N-terminal domain feature. J Genet 2014; 93:21-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-014-0327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kathawala RJ, Wang YJ, Ashby CR, Chen ZS. Recent advances regarding the role of ABC subfamily C member 10 (ABCC10) in the efflux of antitumor drugs. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2013; 33:223-30. [PMID: 24103790 PMCID: PMC4026542 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.013.10122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ABCC10, also known as multidrug-resistant protein 7 (MRP7), is the tenth member of the C subfamily of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily. ABCC10 mediates multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells by preventing the intracellular accumulation of certain antitumor drugs. The ABCC10 transporter is a 171-kDa protein that is localized on the basolateral cell membrane. ABCC10 is a broad-specificity transporter of xenobiotics, including antitumor drugs, such as taxanes, epothilone B, vinca alkaloids, and cytarabine, as well as modulators of the estrogen pathway, such as tamoxifen. In recent years, ABCC10 inhibitors, including cepharanthine, lapatinib, erlotinib, nilotinib, imatinib, sildenafil, and vardenafil, have been reported to overcome ABCC10-mediated MDR. This review discusses some recent and clinically relevant aspects of the ABCC10 drug efflux transporter from the perspective of current chemotherapy, particularly its inhibition by tyrosine kinase inhibitors and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishil J Kathawala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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Sodani K, Patel A, Kathawala RJ, Chen ZS. Multidrug resistance associated proteins in multidrug resistance. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2011; 31:58-72. [PMID: 22098952 PMCID: PMC3777468 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.011.10329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) are members of the C family of a group of proteins named ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. These ABC transporters together form the largest branch of proteins within the human body. The MRP family comprises of 13 members, of which MRP1 to MRP9 are the major transporters indicated to cause multidrug resistance in tumor cells by extruding anticancer drugs out of the cell. They are mainly lipophilic anionic transporters and are reported to transport free or conjugates of glutathione (GSH), glucuronate, or sulphate. In addition, MRP1 to MRP3 can transport neutral organic drugs in free form in the presence of free GSH. Collectively, MRPs can transport drugs that differ structurally and mechanistically, including natural anticancer drugs, nucleoside analogs, antimetabolites, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Many of these MRPs transport physiologically important anions such as leukotriene C4, bilirubin glucuronide, and cyclic nucleotides. This review focuses mainly on the physiological functions, cellular resistance characteristics, and probable in vivo role of MRP1 to MRP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Sodani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
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Chen ZS, Tiwari AK. Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs/ABCCs) in cancer chemotherapy and genetic diseases. FEBS J 2011; 278:3226-45. [PMID: 21740521 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a superfamily of membrane proteins that are best known for their ability to transport a wide variety of exogenous and endogenous substances across membranes against a concentration gradient via ATP hydrolysis. There are seven subfamilies of human ABC transporters, one of the largest being the 'C' subfamily (gene symbol ABCC). Nine ABCC subfamily members, the so-called multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) 1-9, have been implicated in mediating multidrug resistance in tumor cells to varying degrees as the efflux extrude chemotherapeutic compounds (or their metabolites) from malignant cells. Some of the MRPs are also known to either influence drug disposition in normal tissues or modulate the elimination of drugs (or their metabolites) via hepatobiliary or renal excretory pathways. In addition, the cellular efflux of physiologically important organic anions such as leukotriene C(4) and cAMP is mediated by one or more of the MRPs. Finally, mutations in several MRPs are associated with human genetic disorders. In this minireview, the current biochemical and physiological knowledge of MRP1-MRP9 in cancer chemotherapy and human genetic disease is summarized. The mutations in MRP2/ABCC2 leading to conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Dubin-Johnson syndrome) and in MRP6/ABCC6 leading to the connective tissue disorder Pseudoxanthoma elasticum are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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Hauswald S, Duque-Afonso J, Wagner MM, Schertl FM, Lübbert M, Peschel C, Keller U, Licht T. Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce a very broad, pleiotropic anticancer drug resistance phenotype in acute myeloid leukemia cells by modulation of multiple ABC transporter genes. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:3705-15. [PMID: 19458058 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are being studied in clinical trials with the aim to induce cellular differentiation, growth arrest, and apoptosis of tumor cells. Recent reports suggest that the multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. To investigate whether additional drug transporters are regulated by HDACi and how this affects cytotoxicity, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells were examined. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AML cells were cultured in the presence of phenylbutyrate, valproate, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, or trichostatin A and analyzed for drug transporter expression and function as well as sensitivity to anticancer drugs. RESULTS MDR1, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP) 7 and 8 were induced in a dose- and time-dependent manner as shown by semiquantitative PCR. The pattern of gene induction was cell line specific. Phenylbutyrate induced P-glycoprotein and BCRP expression and the efflux of drugs as determined with labeled substrates. KG-1a cells treated with phenylbutyrate developed resistance to daunorubicin, mitoxantrone, etoposide, vinblastine, paclitaxel, topotecan, gemcitabine, and 5-fluorouracil; as a result drug-induced apoptosis was impaired. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed the hyperacetylation of histone proteins in the promoter regions of MDR1, BCRP, and MRP8 on valproate treatment. Furthermore, an alternative MRP8 promoter was induced by HDACi treatment. CONCLUSIONS Exposure of AML cells to HDACi induces a drug resistance phenotype broader than the "classic multidrug resistance," which might negatively affect treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hauswald
- III. Medical Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Kruh GD, Guo Y, Hopper-Borge E, Belinsky MG, Chen ZS. ABCC10, ABCC11, and ABCC12. Pflugers Arch 2006; 453:675-84. [PMID: 16868766 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-006-0114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Accepted: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance protein (MRP)7, MRP8, and MRP9 (gene symbols ABCC10, ABCC11, and ABCC12) are recently identified members of the MRP family that are at relatively early stages of investigation. Of these proteins, a physiological function has only been established for MRP8, for which a single nucleotide polymorphism determines wet vs dry earwax type. MRP7 and MRP8 are lipophilic anion pumps that are able to confer resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. MRP7 is competent in the transport of the glucuronide E(2)17betaG, and its resistance profile, which includes several natural product anticancer agents, is distinguished by the taxane docetaxel. MRP8 is able to transport a diverse range of lipophilic anions, including cyclic nucleotides, E(2)17betaG, steroid sulfates such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) and E(1)S, glutathione conjugates such as leukotriene C4 and dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione, and monoanionic bile acids. However, the constituent of earwax that is susceptible to transport by MRP8 has not been identified. MRP8 has complex interactions with its substrates, as indicated by the nonreciprocal ability of DHEAS to stimulate E(2)17betaG transport. Similar to the case for other MRPs that possess only two membrane spanning domains (MRP4 and MRP5), MRP8 is a cyclic nucleotide efflux pump that is able to confer resistance to nucleoside-based agents, such as PMEA and 5FU. The functional characteristics of MRP9 are currently unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Kruh
- Medical Science Division, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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Dallas S, Miller DS, Bendayan R. Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins: Expression and Function in the Central Nervous System. Pharmacol Rev 2006; 58:140-61. [PMID: 16714484 DOI: 10.1124/pr.58.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery to the brain is highly restricted, since compounds must cross a series of structural and metabolic barriers to reach their final destination, often a cellular compartment such as neurons, microglia, or astrocytes. The primary barriers to the central nervous system are the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Through structural modifications, including the presence of tight junctions that greatly limit paracellular transport, the cells that make up these barriers restrict diffusion of many pharmaceutically active compounds. In addition, the cells that comprise the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers express multiple ATP-dependent, membrane-bound, efflux transporters, such as members of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) family, which contribute to lowered drug accumulation. A relatively new concept in brain drug distribution just beginning to be explored is the possibility that cellular components of the brain parenchyma could act as a "second" barrier to brain permeation of pharmacological agents via expression of many of the same transporters. Indeed, efflux transporters expressed in brain parenchyma may facilitate the overall export of xenobiotics from the central nervous system, essentially handing them off to the barrier tissues. We propose that these primary and secondary barriers work in tandem to limit overall accumulation and distribution of xenobiotics in the central nervous system. The present review summarizes recent knowledge in this area and emphasizes the clinical significance of MRP transporter expression in a variety of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Dallas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Dabrowska M, Sirotnak FM. Regulation of transcription of the human MRP7 gene. Characteristics of the basal promoter and identification of tumor-derived transcripts encoding additional 5' end heterogeneity. Gene 2005; 341:129-39. [PMID: 15474296 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2004] [Revised: 05/28/2004] [Accepted: 06/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies focusing on the transcriptional regulation of MRP7 (multidrug resistance associated protein 7) gene expression in human tumor cells are described. As shown by real-time RT-PCR, expression of the MRP7 gene compared to the expression of the MRP1, 2 and 3 genes was less variable among the different cell types. MRP1, 2, 3 and 7 gene expression was highest in HepG2 cells compared to expression in CWR22Rv1 and TSU-PR1 cells. MRP7 gene expression was less than expression of the MRP1 and 2 genes in HepG2 cells but similar to MRP3 gene expression in this cell type and similar to or greater than expression of the MRP1, 2 and 3 genes in CWR22Rv1 and TSU-PR1 cells. Functional deletion analysis, in situ mutagenesis and electromobility shift assays (EMSA) showed that basal MRP7 promoter activity relied upon a proximal segment of the 5' flanking region 169 to 257 nt in length bearing an E2F site acting cooperatively with two closely positioned Sp1 sites. Two additional Sp1 sites further downstream were of secondary importance. The sequence of the E2F site was noncanonical and its interaction with E2F protein was confirmed by a competitive EMSA using a consensus E2F oligonucleotide probe and by demonstrating a supershift with the antibody against the E2F4 and E2F5 pocket protein, p107. 5' RACE carried out with CWR22Rv1 and HepG2 cells detected a single transcription start site (tsp) distal to the basal promoter and identified two new MRP7 transcripts with very short 5' UTR sequences compared to transcripts found by others in nontumorous human tissue. This 5' end heterogeneity infers a more complex intron-exon composition than hitherto shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Dabrowska
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021, USA
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Abstract
P-glycoprotein, the founding member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of drug transporters, was first identified almost three decades ago and shown to confer resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents when overexpressed in human tumors. Subsequent years have witnessed a tremendous effort to characterize the function and regulation of P-glycoprotein, initially spurred by the hope that its inhibition was the key to overcoming clinical resistance to multiple anticancer agents. However, the identification of MRP1, another member of the ABC drug transporter family, led to the realization that the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype is considerably more complex than initially believed. Indeed, at the present time at least 10 members of the ABC transporter family have been implicated in an MDR phenotype, and it is likely that more will be added to this list as studies progress. With this complexity comes the imperative to improve our understanding of the function of individual transporters, as well as to delineate the mechanisms underlying their expression in normal and tumor cells, particularly those that may be amenable to therapeutic intervention. Several articles within this volume address the structure and function of drug transporters. This review will focus on our current understanding of the regulation of ABC drug transporters at the level of transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen W Scotto
- Department of Pharmacology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 7701 Burholme Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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Biomedical vignette. J Biomed Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02255991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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