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Lin CR, Wu PC, Shih HC, Cheng JT, Lu CY, Chou AK, Yang LC. Intrathecal Spinal Progenitor Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain. Cell Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.3727/096020198389744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to, or dysfunction of, the nervous system can lead to spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, and/or allodynia. It is believed that the number and activity of GABAergic neurons gradually decreases over the dorsal horn. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) immunocompetence has been demonstrated on spinal progenitor cells (SPCs) cultivated in vitro. The intrathecal implantation of these cultivated progenitor cells may provide a means of alleviating neuropathic pain. Chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve was used to induce chronic neuropathic pain in the hind paw of rats. SPCs (1 × 106) were implanted intrathecally on the third day after the CCI surgery. The behavioral response to thermal hyperalgesia was observed and recorded during the 14 days postsurgery. Various techniques were utilized to trace the progenitor cells, confirm the differentiation, and identify the neurotransmitters involved. GAD immunoactivity was revealed for 65% of the cultivated spinal progenitor cells in our study. We also determined that transplanted cells could survive more than 3 weeks postintrathecal implantation. Significant reductions were demonstrated for responses to thermal stimuli for the CCI rats that had received intrathecal SPC transplantation. A novel intrathecal delivery with SPCs reduced CCI-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ren Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital 833, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences Department, National Sun-Yat Sen University, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ching Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital 833, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Chang Shih
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital 833, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Tsuey Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences Department, National Sun-Yat Sen University, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital 833, Taiwan
| | - An-Kuo Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital 833, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Cheng Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital 833, Taiwan
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Valle-Maroto S, Fernández-López B, Villar-Cerviño V, Barreiro-Iglesias A, Anadón R, Rodicio MC. Inhibitory descending rhombencephalic projections in larval sea lamprey. Neuroscience 2011; 194:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Xu H, Wu LJ, Zhao MG, Toyoda H, Vadakkan KI, Jia Y, Pinaud R, Zhuo M. Presynaptic regulation of the inhibitory transmission by GluR5-containing kainate receptors in spinal substantia gelatinosa. Mol Pain 2006; 2:29. [PMID: 16948848 PMCID: PMC1570342 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-2-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 09/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
GluR5-containing kainate receptors (KARs) are known to be involved in nociceptive transmission. Our previous work has shown that the activation of presynaptic KARs regulates GABAergic and glycinergic synaptic transmission in cultured dorsal horn neurons. However, the role of GluR5-containing KARs in the modulation of inhibitory transmission in the spinal substantia gelatinosa (SG) in slices remains unknown. In the present study, pharmacological, electrophysiological and genetic methods were used to show that presynaptic GluR5 KARs are involved in the modulation of inhibitory transmission in the SG of spinal slices in vitro. The GluR5 selective agonist, ATPA, facilitated the frequency but not amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) in SG neurons. ATPA increased sIPSC frequency in all neurons with different firing patterns as delayed, tonic, initial and single spike patterns. The frequency of either GABAergic or glycinergic sIPSCs was significantly increased by ATPA. ATPA could also induce inward currents in all SG neurons recorded. The frequency, but not amplitude, of action potential-independent miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs) was also facilitated by ATPA in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the effect of ATPA on the frequency of either sIPSCs or mIPSCs was abolished in GluR5-/- mice. Deletion of the GluR5 subunit gene had no effect on the frequency or amplitude of mIPSCs in SG neurons. However, GluR5 antagonist LY293558 reversibly inhibited sIPSC and mIPSC frequencies in spinal SG neurons. Taken together, these results suggest that GluR5 KARs, which may be located at presynaptic terminals, contribute to the modulation of inhibitory transmission in the SG. GluR5-containing KARs are thus important for spinal sensory transmission/modulation in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ming-Gao Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hiroki Toyoda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kunjumon I Vadakkan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yongheng Jia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Raphael Pinaud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Min Zhuo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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Ruiz Y, Pombal MA, Megías M. Development of GABA-immunoreactive cells in the spinal cord of the sea lamprey,P. marinus. J Comp Neurol 2004; 470:151-63. [PMID: 14750158 DOI: 10.1002/cne.11032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The lamprey spinal cord increases in length and size during all its life cycle; thus, it is expected that new cells will be generated. This expectation suggests that the locomotor circuits must be continuously remodeled. Key elements in the cellular network controlling locomotor behavior are inhibitory cells. Here, we studied the gamma-aminobutyric acid-immunoreactive (GABA-ir) cells in the lamprey spinal cord during postembryonic development. Three major populations of GABA-ir cells were identified according to their distribution: those located in the gray matter, those contacting the cerebrospinal liquid (LC cells), and those located in the white matter. The results show (1). the number of GABA-ir cells per segment increase from prolarvae (<10 mm) to adulthood; (2). the lower number of GABA-ir cells in 100 microm of spinal cord is 66 +/- 7, found in premetamorphic larvae, and the highest is 107 +/- 6, found in postmetamorphic animals; (3). the gray matter and LC GABA-ir cells show different variations in number depending on the developmental period. Thus, in the 10-mm larvae, the gray matter GABA-ir cells are more abundant than LC cells, whereas in the young postmetamorphic specimens, the contrary occurs. Most of the GABA-ir cells located in the white matter were classified as edge cells. They increase in number from the beginning of the prolarval period, where there are not white matter-positive cells, to the middle larval period, where there are 9 +/- 4 GABA-ir edge cells per segment. This value was unaltered in later periods, where GABA-ir edge cells represent 20-30% of the total number of edge cells per segment. The increase in number of GABA-ir cells in these populations during a specific point of the lamprey life cycle may indicate different inhibitory requirements of the locomotor circuit at different developmental periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ruiz
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 36200 Vigo, Spain
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