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Cross Taxon Congruence Between Lichens and Vascular Plants in a Riparian Ecosystem. DIVERSITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/d11080133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite that congruence across taxa has been proved as an effective tool to provide insights into the processes structuring the spatial distribution of taxonomic groups and is useful for conservation purposes, only a few studies on cross-taxon congruence focused on freshwater ecosystems and on the relations among vascular plants and lichens. We hypothesized here that, since vascular plants could be good surrogates of lichens in these ecosystems, it would be possible to assess the overall biodiversity of riparian habitats using plant data only. In this frame, we explored the relationship between (a) species richness and (b) community composition of plants and lichens in a wetland area located in central Italy to (i) assess whether vascular plants are good surrogates of lichens and (ii) to test the congruence of patterns of species richness and composition among plants and lichens along an ecological gradient. The general performance of plant species richness per se, as a biodiversity surrogate of lichens, had poor results. Nonetheless, the congruence in compositional patterns between lichens and vascular plants varied across habitats and was influenced by the characteristics of the vegetation. In general, we discussed how the strength of the studied relationships could be influenced by characteristics of the data (presence/absence vs. abundance), by the spatial scale, and by the features of the habitats. Overall, our data confirm that the more diverse and structurally complex the vegetation is, the more diverse are the lichen communities it hosts.
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Abstract
AbstractEffective conservation of global species diversity requires a clear understanding of spatial scales that support overall diversity across broad scales. Abandonment of semi-natural grasslands has increased their fragmentation and decreased their areal extent. We quantified diversity patterns of plant communities in Japan across hierarchical scales to facilitate the development of an effective nationwide strategy for conserving species diversity in remnant semi-natural grasslands. We applied additive partitioning of plant species diversity, using a nested hierarchical design at three spatial scales (quadrat, grassland, and western and eastern regions of Japan) for three groups of plant species (all species, grassland species and national Red Listed species). We consistently found lower proportions of among-quadrats diversity, and higher proportions of among-grasslands diversity and between-regions diversity in the overall diversity of the entire species complement than would be expected by chance. The high contribution of among-grasslands diversity to overall diversity suggests that each grassland had a unique species content. The second-ranking contributor to overall diversity differed between grassland species and Red Listed species: the second-ranking contributor for grassland species was diversity at the among-quadrats scale but the second-ranking contributor for all species and for Red Listed species was diversity at the between-regions scale. Thus, effective conservation of diversity of the entire species complement in remnant semi-natural grasslands requires preservation of beta diversity in individual grasslands. Our findings highlight the importance of strengthening local preservation and restoration activities within each grassland, and of nationwide strategies for conserving Red Listed species in remnant semi-natural grassland communities.
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Bacaro G, Rocchini D, Diekmann M, Gasparini P, Gioria M, Maccherini S, Marcantonio M, Tordoni E, Amici V, Landi S, Torri D, Castello M, Altobelli A, Chiarucci A. Shape matters in sampling plant diversity: Evidence from the field. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bacaro G, Rocchini D, Ghisla A, Marcantonio M, Neteler M, Chiarucci A. The spatial domain matters: Spatially constrained species rarefaction in a Free and Open Source environment. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Amici V, Rocchini D, Geri F, Bacaro G, Marcantonio M, Chiarucci A. Effects of an afforestation process on plant species richness: A retrogressive analysis. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Ricotta C, Pavoine S, Bacaro G, Acosta ATR. Functional rarefaction for species abundance data. Methods Ecol Evol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-210x.2011.00178.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Harry I, Drees C, Höfer H, Assmann T. When to sample in an inaccessible landscape: a case study with carabids from the Allgäu (northern Alps) (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Zookeys 2011:255-71. [PMID: 21738416 PMCID: PMC3131020 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.100.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While pitfall trapping is generally accepted as the standard method for sampling carabid beetles, this method has rarely been used in mountain ecosystems, mainly due to the high labour intensity it involves. As part of a research project in the German Alps, we investigated the phenologic appearance of adult carabid beetles in mountain ecosystems along with the consequences of possible reductions in sampling periods. Our results show that an early activity peak among carabids is predominant in mountain ecosystems. However, there are differences among species: the main group of species showed the highest activity directly after snow melt, a second group showed a delayed activity peak and a small third group had no clear peak at all. Based on this study, we recommend two fortnightly sampling periods as a minimum for a sampling programme: one immediately after snow melt, and a second sampling period after a pause of two weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Harry
- ABL, Nägeleseestraße 8, D-79102 Freiburg, Germany
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Evaluating and interpreting cross-taxon congruence: Potential pitfalls and solutions. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Scheiner SM, Chiarucci A, Fox GA, Helmus MR, McGlinn DJ, Willig MR. The underpinnings of the relationship of species richness with space and time. ECOL MONOGR 2011. [DOI: 10.1890/10-1426.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Nascimbene J, Marini L, Bacaro G, Nimis P. Effect of reduction in sampling effort for monitoring epiphytic lichen diversity in forests. COMMUNITY ECOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.11.2010.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chiarucci A, Bacaro G, Rocchini D, Ricotta C, Palmer M, Scheiner S. Spatially constrained rarefaction: incorporating the autocorrelated structure of biological communities into sample-based rarefaction. COMMUNITY ECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.10.2009.2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Algorithmic foundation of spectral rarefaction for measuring satellite imagery heterogeneity at multiple spatial scales. SENSORS 2009; 9:303-10. [PMID: 22389600 PMCID: PMC3280746 DOI: 10.3390/s90100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Revised: 12/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Measuring heterogeneity in satellite imagery is an important task to deal with. Most measures of spectral diversity have been based on Shannon Information theory. However, this approach does not inherently address different scales, ranging from local (hereafter referred to alpha diversity) to global scales (gamma diversity). The aim of this paper is to propose a method for measuring spectral heterogeneity at multiple scales based on rarefaction curves. An algorithmic solution of rarefaction applied to image pixel values (Digital Numbers, DNs) is provided and discussed.
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Chiarucci A, Bacaro G, Vannini A, Rocchini D. Quantifying species richness at multiple spatial scales in a Natura 2000 network. COMMUNITY ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.9.2008.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rocchini D, Wohlgemuth T, Ghisleni S, Chiarucci A. Spectral rarefaction: linking ecological variability and plant species diversity. COMMUNITY ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.9.2008.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chiarucci A, Bacaro G, Rocchini D, Fattorini L. Discovering and rediscovering the sample-based rarefaction formula in the ecological literature. COMMUNITY ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.9.2008.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sampling design and the shape of species–area curves on the regional scale. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2006.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Marignani M, Ricotta C, Rossi F, Pavesi A, Avena G. A scale-free approach to subtaxon-to-taxon ratios. COMMUNITY ECOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.5.2004.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cam E, Nichols JD, Hines JE, Sauer JR, Alpizar-Jara R, Flather CH. DISENTANGLING SAMPLING AND ECOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS UNDERLYING SPECIES–AREA RELATIONSHIPS. Ecology 2002. [DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[1118:dsaeeu]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kobayashi S. A model of the species rank-abundance relation for a community in an open habitat. POPUL ECOL 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02513535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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The concept of stcucture in phytosociology with references to classification of plant communities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02097135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kobayashi S. The species-area relation II. A second model for continuous sampling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02511066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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