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Chen L, Xin G, He Y, Tian Q, Kong X, Fu Y, Wang J, Zhang H, Wang L. Study of molecular patterns associated with ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease and its immune signature. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295699. [PMID: 38127902 PMCID: PMC10734959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. We downloaded data on Parkinson's disease and Ferroptosis-related genes from the GEO and FerrDb databases. We used WCGAN and Random Forest algorithm to screen out five Parkinson's disease ferroptosis-related hub genes. Two genes were identified for the first time as possibly playing a role in Braak staging progression. Unsupervised clustering analysis based on hub genes yielded ferroptosis isoforms, and immune infiltration analysis indicated that these isoforms are associated with immune cells and may represent different immune patterns. FRHGs scores were obtained to quantify the level of ferroptosis modifications in each individual. In addition, differences in interleukin expression were found between the two ferroptosis subtypes. The biological functions involved in the hub gene are analyzed. The ceRNA regulatory network of hub genes was mapped. The disease classification diagnosis model and risk prediction model were also constructed by applying hub genes based on logistic regression. Multiple external datasets validated the hub gene and classification diagnostic model with some accuracy. This study explored hub genes associated with ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease and their molecular patterns and immune signatures to provide new ideas for finding new targets for intervention and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guanghao Xin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yijie He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qinghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The 962 Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaotong Kong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanchi Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huixue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
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Yang K, Zeng L, Zeng J, Deng Y, Wang S, Xu H, He Q, Yuan M, Luo Y, Ge A, Ge J. Research progress in the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease and regulation by natural plant products. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102063. [PMID: 37673132 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system after Alzheimer's disease. The current understanding of PD focuses mainly on the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra region of the midbrain, which is attributed to factors such as oxidative stress, alpha-synuclein aggregation, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These factors together contribute to the PD phenotype. Recent studies on PD pathology have introduced a new form of cell death known as ferroptosis. Pathological changes closely linked with ferroptosis have been seen in the brain tissues of PD patients, including alterations in iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Preclinical research has demonstrated the neuroprotective qualities of certain iron chelators, antioxidants, Fer-1, and conditioners in Parkinson's disease. Natural plant products have shown significant potential in balancing ferroptosis-related factors and adjusting their expression levels. Therefore, it is vital to understand the mechanisms by which natural plant products inhibit ferroptosis and relieve PD symptoms. This review provides a comprehensive look at ferroptosis, its role in PD pathology, and the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of natural plant products focused on ferroptosis. The insights from this review can serve as useful references for future research on novel ferroptosis inhibitors and lead compounds for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Deng
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qi He
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | - Mengxia Yuan
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yanfang Luo
- The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Wang Y, Wu S, Li Q, Lang W, Li W, Jiang X, Wan Z, Chen J, Wang H. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate: A phytochemical as a promising drug candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:977521. [PMID: 36172194 PMCID: PMC9511047 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.977521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), an abundant polyphenolic component derived from green tea extract, possesses versatile bioactivities that can combat many diseases. During the last decade, EGCG was shown to be effective in experimental models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Several experimental studies have suggested that it has pleiotropic neuroprotective effects, which has enhanced the appeal of EGCG as a therapeutic strategy in PD. In this review, we compiled recent updates and knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of EGCG in PD. We focused on the effects of EGCG on apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, modulation of dopamine production, and the aggregation of α-synuclein. The review highlights the pharmacological features of EGCG and its therapeutic implications in PD. Taken together, the accumulated data indicate that EGCG is a promising neuroprotective compound for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Weihong Lang
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chifeng University Health Science Center, Chifeng, China
| | - Zhirong Wan
- Department of Neurology,Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jichao Chen, ; Hongquan Wang,
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jichao Chen, ; Hongquan Wang,
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Mahoney-Sanchez L, Bouchaoui H, Boussaad I, Jonneaux A, Timmerman K, Berdeaux O, Ayton S, Krüger R, Duce JA, Devos D, Devedjian JC. Alpha synuclein determines ferroptosis sensitivity in dopaminergic neurons via modulation of ether-phospholipid membrane composition. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111231. [PMID: 36001957 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a continued unmet need for treatments that can slow Parkinson's disease progression due to the lack of understanding behind the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. Since its discovery, ferroptosis has been implicated in several diseases and represents a therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease. Here, we use two highly relevant human dopaminergic neuronal models to show that endogenous levels of α-synuclein can determine the sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons to ferroptosis. We show that reducing α-synuclein expression in dopaminergic neurons leads to ferroptosis evasion, while elevated α-synuclein expression in patients' small-molecule-derived neuronal precursor cells with SNCA triplication causes an increased vulnerability to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Lipid profiling reveals that ferroptosis resistance is due to a reduction in ether-linked phospholipids, required for ferroptosis, in neurons depleted of α-synuclein (α-syn). These results provide a molecular mechanism linking α-syn levels to the sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons to ferroptosis, suggesting potential therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mahoney-Sanchez
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1772, Lille University Hospital, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Hind Bouchaoui
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1772, Lille University Hospital, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Ibrahim Boussaad
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Jonneaux
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1772, Lille University Hospital, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Kelly Timmerman
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1772, Lille University Hospital, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Berdeaux
- Lipid-Aroma Platform, Centre des Sciences Du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR6265 CNRS, UMR1324 INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Agrosup Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Scott Ayton
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; Parkinson Reserch Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), 1210 Luxembourg (Belair), Luxembourg
| | - James A Duce
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| | - David Devos
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1772, Lille University Hospital, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Christophe Devedjian
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1772, Lille University Hospital, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France; Université Du Litoral Côte D'Opale, 1, Place de l'Yser, Dunkerque Cedex, France
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Mahoney-Sánchez L, Bouchaoui H, Ayton S, Devos D, Duce JA, Devedjian JC. Ferroptosis and its potential role in the physiopathology of Parkinson's Disease. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 196:101890. [PMID: 32726602 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a common and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by motor impairments as well as non-motor symptoms. While dopamine-based therapies are effective in fighting the symptoms in the early stages of the disease, a lack of neuroprotective drugs means that the disease continues to progress. Along with the traditionally recognised pathological hallmarks of dopaminergic neuronal death and intracellular α-synuclein (α-syn) depositions, iron accumulation, elevated oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation damage are further conspicuous features of PD pathophysiology. However, the underlying mechanisms linking these pathological hallmarks with neurodegeneration still remain unclear. Ferroptosis, a regulated iron dependent cell death pathway involving a lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides, shares several features with PD pathophysiology. Interestingly, α-syn has been functionally linked with the metabolism of both iron and lipid, suggesting a possible interplay between dysregulated α-syn and other PD pathological hallmarks related to ferroptosis. This review will address the importance for understanding these disease mechanisms that could be targeted therapeutically. Anti-ferroptosis molecules are neuroprotective in PD animal models and the anti-ferroptotic iron chelator, deferiprone, slowed disease progression and improved motor function in two independent clinical trials for PD. An ongoing larger multi-centre phase 2 clinical trial will confirm the therapeutic potential of deferiprone and the relevance of ferroptosis in PD. This review addresses the known pathological features of PD in relation to the ferroptosis pathway with therapeutic implications of targeting this cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mahoney-Sánchez
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1172, University Hospital Centre, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, France
| | - Hind Bouchaoui
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1172, University Hospital Centre, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, France
| | - Scott Ayton
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - David Devos
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1172, University Hospital Centre, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, France.
| | - James A Duce
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, United Kingdom.
| | - Jean-Christophe Devedjian
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1172, University Hospital Centre, LICEND COEN Centre, LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000, France; Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-1, place de l'Yser, BP 72033, 59375, Dunkerque Cedex, France
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Villa RF, Ferrari F, Bagini L, Gorini A, Brunello N, Tascedda F. Mitochondrial energy metabolism of rat hippocampus after treatment with the antidepressants desipramine and fluoxetine. Neuropharmacology 2017; 121:30-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Respiratory chain inhibition: one more feature to propose MPTP intoxication as a Leigh syndrome model. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2016; 48:483-491. [PMID: 27787743 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-016-9683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intoxicated mice have been widely used to model the loss of dopaminergic neurons. As this treatment leads to basal ganglia degeneration, it was proposed that MPTP mice could be used as a model of Leigh syndrome. However, this mitochondrial pathology is biochemically characterized by a respiratory chain dysfunction. To determine if MPTP can affect in vivo mitochondria function, we measured the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in several tissues. Our results show that MPTP affects mainly mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, as found in Leigh Syndrome, confirming that acute MPTP intoxicated mice are a good model of Leigh Syndrome.
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Recent advances on the neuroprotective potential of antioxidants in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:10608-10629. [PMID: 22949883 PMCID: PMC3431881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms130810608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative movement disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the midbrain. Although the etiology of PD is not completely understood and is believed to be multifactorial, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are widely considered major consequences, which provide important clues to the disease mechanisms. Studies have explored the role of free radicals and oxidative stress that contributes to the cascade of events leading to dopamine cell degeneration in PD. In general, in-built protective mechanisms consisting of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the CNS play decisive roles in preventing neuronal cell loss due to free radicals. But the ability to produce these antioxidants decreases with aging. Therefore, antioxidant therapy alone or in combination with current treatment methods may represent an attractive strategy for treating or preventing the neurodegeneration seen in PD. Here we summarize the recent discoveries of potential antioxidant compounds for modulating free radical mediated oxidative stress leading to neurotoxicity in PD.
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Haas D, Niklowitz P, Hörster F, Baumgartner ER, Prasad C, Rodenburg RJ, Hoffmann GF, Menke T, Okun JG. Coenzyme Q(10) is decreased in fibroblasts of patients with methylmalonic aciduria but not in mevalonic aciduria. J Inherit Metab Dis 2009; 32:570-5. [PMID: 19504350 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-1150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Revised: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The content of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) was examined in skin fibroblasts of 10 patients with mevalonic aciduria (MVA) and of 22 patients with methylmalonic aciduria (MMA). Patients with these inborn errors of metabolism are thought to be at risk for CoQ(10) depletion either by direct inhibition of the proximal pathway of CoQ(10) synthesis (MVA) or indirectly by inhibition of mitochondrial energy metabolism (MMA). We demonstrated that CoQ(10) concentrations were not significantly different from controls in MVA patients, suggesting that there may be upregulatory effects. On the other hand the CoQ(10) content in fibroblasts of patients with MMA was significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Haas
- Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Inborn Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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10
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Villa RF, Gorini A, Hoyer S. Differentiated effect of ageing on the enzymes of Krebs’ cycle, electron transfer complexes and glutamate metabolism of non-synaptic and intra-synaptic mitochondria from cerebral cortex. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 113:1659-70. [PMID: 16969625 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ageing on the activity of enzymes linked to Krebs' cycle, electron transfer chain and glutamate metabolism was studied in three different types of mitochondria of cerebral cortex of 1-year old and 2-year old male Wistar rats. We assessed the maximum rate (V(max)) of the mitochondrial enzyme activities in non-synaptic perikaryal mitochondria, and in two populations of intra-synaptic mitochondria. The results indicated that: (i) in normal, steady-state cerebral cortex the values of the catalytic activities of the enzymes markedly differed in the various populations of mitochondria; (ii) in intra-synaptic mitochondria, ageing affected the catalytic properties of the enzymes linked to Krebs' cycle, electron transfer chain and glutamate metabolism; (iii) these changes were more evident in intra-synaptic "heavy" than "light" mitochondria. These results indicate a different age-related vulnerability of subpopulations of mitochondria in vivo located into synapses than non-synaptic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Villa
- Department of Physiological-Pharmacological Cellular-Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Gille G, Radad K, Reichmann H, Rausch WD. Synergistic effect of α-dihydroergocryptine and L-dopa or dopamine on dopaminergic neurons in primary culture. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:1107-18. [PMID: 16252065 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0369-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2005] [Accepted: 08/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
There is an ongoing controversy about potential toxicity of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) to dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). Neuroimaging data suggest that L-dopa accelerates the loss of dopamine nerve terminals, especially at higher doses. The disputed aspect of toxicity and the frequently observed motor complications accompanying L-dopa therapy have led to an increased use of dopamine agonists during the past two decades. Reports describing their neuroprotective potential to dopaminergic neurons have attracted much attention. Here, we describe the novel finding that the combination of a dopamine (DA) agonist, alpha-dihydroergocryptine (DHEC), with L-dopa or DA exerts a synergistic stimulatory effect on dopaminergic neurons in primary culture, while each substance alone had no or less effect. DA receptor stimulation plays a decisive role. The synergistic effect suggests that a combinatory therapy can be beneficial to slow the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gille
- Department of Neurology, Technical University, Dresden, Germany.
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Battino M, Ferreiro MS. Ageing and the Mediterranean diet: a review of the role of dietary fats. Public Health Nutr 2005; 7:953-8. [PMID: 15482624 DOI: 10.1079/phn2004560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Consumers are becoming increasingly aware of the relationship between food and health. Concerns have been raised about dietary fats and their relative nutritional advantages or disadvantages. In investigations of the associations between health and fat intake, special emphasis has been placed on the benefits of virgin olive oil for counteracting certain neurodegenerative diseases and ageing. With respect to ageing, accumulating evidence indicates that an improvement in quality of life can be reached by modulation of the extrinsic factors that influence many ageing processes. Of the modifiable factors, nutrition appears to be one of the strongest elements known to influence the rate of ageing as well as the incidence of age-associated diseases such as atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative pathologies. This paper reviews the theory of ageing and the role of fatty acids in the mechanisms affecting its evolution. It also confirms that virgin olive oil, an essential component of the Mediterranean diet, provides large amounts of stable and not easily oxidizable fatty acids as well as remarkable quantities of powerful antioxidant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Battino
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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13
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Mazzio EA, Soliman KFA. Effects of enhancing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation with reducing equivalents and ubiquinone on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium toxicity and complex I–IV damage in neuroblastoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2004; 67:1167-84. [PMID: 15006552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2003.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2003] [Accepted: 11/13/2003] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of increasing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), by enhancing electron transport chain components, were evaluated on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity in brain neuroblastoma cells. Although glucose is a direct energy source, ultimately nicotinamide and flavin reducing equivalents fuel ATP produced through OXPHOS. The findings indicate that cell respiration/mitochondrial O(2) consumption (MOC) (in cells not treated with MPP+) is not controlled by the supply of glucose, coenzyme Q(10) (Co-Q(10)), NADH+, NAD or nicotinic acid. In contrast, MOC in whole cells is highly regulated by the supply of flavins: riboflavin, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), where cell respiration reached up to 410% of controls. In isolated mitochondria, FAD and FMN drastically increased complex I rate of reaction (1300%) and (450%), respectively, having no effects on complex II or III. MPP+ reduced MOC in whole cells in a dose-dependent manner. In isolated mitochondria, MPP+ exerted mild inhibition at complex I, negligible effects on complexes II-III, and extensive inhibition of complex IV. Kinetic analysis of complex I revealed that MPP+ was competitive with NADH, and partially reversible by FAD and FMN. Co-Q(10) potentiated complex II ( approximately 200%), but not complex I or III. Despite positive influence of flavins and Co-Q(10) on complexes I-II function, neither protected against MPP+ toxicity, indicating inhibition of complex IV as the predominant target. The nicotinamides and glucose prevented MPP+ toxicity by fueling anaerobic glycolysis, evident by accumulation of lactate in the absence of MOC. The data also define a clear anomaly of neuroblastoma, indicating a preference for anaerobic conditions, and an adverse response to aerobic. An increase in CO(2), CO(2)/O(2) ratio, mitochondrial inhibition or O(2) deprivation was not directly toxic, but activated metabolism through glycolysis prompting depletion of glucose and starvation. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the mechanism of action for MPP+, involves the inhibition of complex I and and more specifically complex IV, leading to impaired OXPHOS and MOC. Moreover, flavin dervatives control the rate of complex I/cellular respiration and Co-Q10 augments complex II [corrected].
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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Battino M, Bompadre S, Leone L, Villa RF, Gorini A. Coenzymes Q9 and Q10, vitamin E and peroxidation in rat synaptic and non-synaptic occipital cerebral cortex mitochondria during ageing. Biol Chem 2001; 382:925-31. [PMID: 11501757 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2001.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Great attention has been devoted both to ageing phenomena at the mitochondrial level and to the antioxidant status of membrane structures. These kinds of investigations are difficult to perform in the brain because of its heterogeneity. It is known that synaptic heavy mitochondria (HM) may represent an aged mitochondrial population characterized by a partial impairment of their typical mitochondrial function. We arranged a novel system requiring no extraction procedure, very limited handling of the samples and their direct injection into the HPLC apparatus, to carry out, for the first time, a systematic and concomitant determination of vitamin E, Coenzyme Q9 (CoQ9) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) contents in rat brain mitochondria. The trends found for CoQ9 and CoQ10 levels in synaptic and non-synaptic occipital cerebral cortex mitochondria during rat ageing are consistent with previous data. Hydroperoxides (HP) differed with age and it was confirmed that in the HM fraction the summation of contributions results in an oxidatively jeopardized subpopulation. We found that vitamin E seems to increase with age, at least in non-synaptic free (FM) and synaptic light (LM) mitochondria, while it was inclined to remain substantially constant in HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Battino
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School, University of Ancona, Italy
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Battino M, Quiles JL, Huertas JR, Mataix JF, Villa RF, Gorini A. Cerebral cortex synaptic heavy mitochondria may represent the oldest synaptic mitochondrial population: biochemical heterogeneity and effects of L-acetylcarnitine. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2000; 32:163-73. [PMID: 11768749 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005559930210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The microheterogeneous nature of intrasynaptic mitochondria has been demonstrated and is widely accepted. However, evidence is still lacking about the role played by the different intrasynaptic mitochondrial subpopulations. The data obtained support the hypothesis that "heavy" mitochondria could represent old mitochondrial populations: in fact, in addition to the well known impairment of typical mitochondrial functions, they possess the highest levels of hydroperoxides and their fatty acids pattern is completely modified. The qualitative and quantitative fatty acid modifications suffered by these organelles deeply altered their protein/lipid ratio, thus modifying their mode of action. The present work also collects a large body of evidence that a subchronic L-acetylcarnitine treatment in 28 days does not structurally affect both nonsynaptic and intrasynaptic mitochondria of normal rat in a "steady-state" metabolic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Battino
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ancona, Italy.
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Battino M, Bullon P, Wilson M, Newman H. Oxidative injury and inflammatory periodontal diseases: the challenge of anti-oxidants to free radicals and reactive oxygen species. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 2000; 10:458-76. [PMID: 10634583 DOI: 10.1177/10454411990100040301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a tremendous expansion in medical and dental research concerned with free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and anti-oxidant defense mechanisms. This review is intended to provide a critical, up-to-date summary of the field, with particular emphasis on its implications for the application of "anti-oxidant therapy" in periodontal disease. We have reviewed the nomenclature, mechanisms of actions, features, and sources of most common free radicals and reactive oxygen species, as well as analyzed the typical biological targets for oxidative damage. Based on a review of direct and indirect anti-oxidant host defenses, particularly in relation to the key role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in periodontitis, we review current evidence for oxidative damage in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease, and the possible therapeutic effects of anti-oxidants in treating and/or preventing such pathology, with special attention to vitamin E and Co-enzyme Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Battino
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ancona, Italy
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