Benign polyps with prostatic-type epithelium of the urethra and the urinary bladder

Verumontanum Polyp in an Adult Man: Diagnosis by Ultrasonography

The fibroepithelial polyp of the urethra is rare in adults. Hematuria and obstructive urinary symptoms are the most common findings. The investigation of these polyps usually includes imaging exams (voiding cystourethrography and ultrasonography) and urinary endoscopy. However, the diagnosis is primarily established by pathology. Ultrasonography can aid in diagnosis, as it can identify a polypoid lesion that can extend to the bladder neck, and cystourethroscopy allows the direct visualization of the lesion. We report this case of a polyp of the prostatic urethra in an adult male using prospective real-time sonographic diagnosis.

Tumour-like lesions of the urinary bladder

There are a number of benign epithelial proliferations in the bladder that may be difficult to distinguish from carcinomas, including urothelial carcinoma and its variants, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. If misdiagnosed, there is the potential for over treatment, with its attendant risk of complications, as well as errors relating to prognostic assessment. In the case of the misdiagnosis of high grade proliferative lesions that mimic invasive carcinoma, unnecessary radical surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy may result. Similarly, the misdiagnosis of lesions that have the appearance of low grade carcinoma can prompt a lifetime of radiological investigation and cystoscopies. In this review, we discuss a variety of entities that may be diagnostically challenging and emphasise the importance of identifying key morphological features that have diagnostic utility. We also highlight the importance of relevant clinical information and the clinical settings in which these lesions may occur. In this review we have divided the lesions on the basis of morphology in order to facilitate discussion relating to the differential diagnosis. The architectural patterns we discuss include papillary lesions (polypoid/papillary cystitis and papillary urothelial hyperplasia), pseudocarcinomatous proliferations (pseudocarcinomatous urothelial hyperplasia, florid proliferation of von Brunn nests and fibroepithelial polyps), glandular lesions (intestinal metaplasia and müllerianosis) and lesions with several different patterns (prostatic type urethral polyps and nephrogenic adenoma or metaplasia).

Prostatic-type polyp located in the bladder of an adolescent: A case report and overview

Prostatic-type polyps are uncommon lesions in the urinary tract. They are sometimes found in the lower urinary tract, particularly on the posterior urethra, but are rarely found in the bladder. We report a case of 15-year-old boy who presented with dysuria. Routine ultrasonography showed a mass in the bladder arising near the internal orifice of urethra. Further inspection with cystoscopy followed by transurethral resection and pathology confirmed the lesion to be a prostatic-type polyp. An overview of other similar case studies showed that the pathogenesis of this condition is controversial, haematuria and dysuria are common clinical symptoms and endoscopic transurethral resection is the best treatment option. Since the polyp is benign, recurrence and progression of this disorder is unlikely to occur.