1
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Tang H, Wang Z, Hao H, Luo W, Yang J, Li M, Yang M, Chen Z, Yan R, Li H, Hu F, Liang H, Liu Q, Lv L, Zhang J, Su W, Chen R, Chen K, Chang YN, Wang M, Zheng L, Feng X, Li J, Xing G. Boron-Containing Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Effective Delivery and Targeting of Liver Cancer Cells for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38686647 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarriers have been researched comprehensively for the development of novel boron-containing agents in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). We designed and synthesized a multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based boron-containing agent. The latter was coated with a lipid bilayer (LB) and decorated with SP94 peptide (SFSIIHTPILPL) on the surface as SP94-LB@BA-MSN. The latter incorporated boric acid (BA) into hydrophobic mesopores, coated with an LB, and modified with SP94 peptide on the LB. SP94-LB@BA-MSN enhanced nano interface tumor-targeting ability but also prevented the premature release of drugs, which is crucial for BNCT because adequate boron content in tumor sites is required. SP94-LB@BA-MSN showed excellent efficacy in the BNCT treatment of HepG-2 cells. In animal studies with tumor-bearing mice, SP94-LB@BA-MSN exhibited a satisfactory accumulation at the tumor site. The boron content reached 40.18 ± 5.41 ppm in the tumor site 4 h after injection, which was 8.12 and 15.51 times higher than those in mice treated with boronated phenylalanine and those treated with BA. For boron, the tumor-to-normal tissue ratio was 4.41 ± 1.13 and the tumor-to-blood ratio was 5.92 ± 0.45. These results indicated that nanoparticles delivered boron to the tumor site effectively while minimizing accumulation in normal tissues. In conclusion, this composite (SP94-LB@BA-MSN) shows great promise as a boron-containing delivery agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using BNCT. These findings highlight the potential of MSNs in the field of BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Tang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haoyang Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weixian Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingru Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingxin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziteng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haojun Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linwen Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenxi Su
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ranran Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Nan Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingna Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuesong Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Juan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gengmei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
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Bekasova O. Properties and potential applications of bioconjugates of R-phycoerythrin with Ag° or CdS nanoparticle synthesized in its tunnel cavity: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128181. [PMID: 37977463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesis is a promising method for the preparation of nanoparticles (NPs) due to its simplicity, low cost, low toxicity, and environmental friendliness. Biosynthesized NPs exhibit multifunctional activity, good biocompatibility, and higher anticancer and antibacterial activity compared to chemically synthesized NPs. R-phycoerythrin, a photosynthetic light-harvesting pigment of protein nature (M.w. 290 kDa), is an attractive platform for the synthesis of small sizes NPs due to its structural features, non-toxicity, water solubility. Photosensitive bioconjugates of R-phycoerythrin with NPs were prepared by synthesizing Ag° and CdS NPs in tunnel cavities of R-phycoerythrin (3.5 × 6.0 nm) isolated from the red seaweed Callithamnion rubosum. The review is devoted to the physical processes and chemical reactions that occur in the native protein macromolecule of a complex structure during the synthesis of a NP in its cavity. The influence of Ago and CdS NPs on the electronic processes caused by the absorption of photons, leading to reversible and irreversible changes in R-phycoerythrin has been analyzed. Properties of R-phycoerythrin bioconjugates Ag° and CdS with NPs combined with the literature data suggest potential applications of Ag°⋅PE and CdS⋅PE bioconjugates for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring as well as for realizing theranostic strategy in the future. The use of these bioconjugates in anticancer therapy may have synergistic effects since both R-phycoerythrin and NPs induce cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bekasova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation.
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3
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Yang JU, Kim S, Lee KC, Lee YJ, Kim JY, Park JA. Development of Brain-Tumor-Targeted Benzothiazole-Based Boron Complex for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1615-1620. [PMID: 36262402 PMCID: PMC9575175 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a precision treatment technology that ideally damages only boron-accumulating cells. The effectiveness of BNCT depends on the amount of boron in the tumor cells and the concentration ratio between normal and tumor tissues. Therefore, for successful brain-tumor treatment using BNCT, it is essential to develop a drug with high blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and high tumor accumulation. The benzothiazole-based boron complex 4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenylboronic acid (BTPB) is a hydrophobic, low-molecular-weight compound that has shown high BBB permeability and brain accumulation. The highest boron concentration of BTPB is 36.11 ± 2.73 μg/g (at 1 h post-injection) in the brain, and the highest brain/blood ratio is 3.94 ± 0.46 (at 2 h post-injection), which is sufficient for the BNCT drug condition. In addition, BTPB showed good tumor-targeting ability in vivo in a U87MG glioma tumor model. In this study, we conducted a biological evaluation of BTPB compared to boronophenylalanine as a novel drug for BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-ung Yang
- Division
of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological
& Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea
- Department
of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Division
of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological
& Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea
- Department
of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Kyo Chul Lee
- Division
of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological
& Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division
of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological
& Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Jung Young Kim
- Division
of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological
& Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Park
- Division
of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological
& Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea
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4
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Jalilian AR, Shahi A, Swainson IP, Nakamura H, Venkatesh M, Osso JA. Potential Theranostic Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Agents as Multimodal Radiopharmaceuticals. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2022; 37:342-354. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amir R. Jalilian
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arman Shahi
- Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ian P. Swainson
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Meera Venkatesh
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joao A. Osso
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Yokawa A, Hatanaka M, Mikami K. Facile C−F Bond Activation Approach to FAMT‐Based Difluoromethyl‐BNCT Drug Candidates. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akitaka Yokawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2–12-1 Ookayama, Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology Institute for Research Initiatives Division for Research Strategy Graduate School of Science and Technology, Data Science Center, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Koichi Mikami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2–12-1 Ookayama, Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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6
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Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Assay of Carboranyl Sinomenine. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204697. [PMID: 33066470 PMCID: PMC7587333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In comparison with pristine sinomenine and carborane precursors, the calculations of molecular docking with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and methylcarboranyl-n-butyl sinomenine showed improved interactions. Accordingly, methylcarboranyl-n-butyl sinomenine shows a high potential in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the presence of slow neutrons. The reaction of potassium salt of sinomenie, which is generated from the deprotonation of sinomenine (1) using potassium carbonate in a solvent of N,N-dimethyl formamide, with 4-methylcarboranyl-n-butyl iodide, (2) forms methylcarboranyl-n-butyl sinomenine (3) in 54.3% yield as a new product. This new compound was characterized by 1H, 13C, and 11B NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and elemental analyses to confirm its molecular composition. In addition to molecular docking interactions with MMPs, the in vitro killing effects of 3, along with its toxicity measurements, exhibited its potential to be the new drug delivery agent for boron neutron capture synovectomy (BNCS) and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cancers in the presence of slow neutrons, respectively.
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7
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Colocalization of tracks from boron neutron capture reactions and images of isolated cells. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 167:109353. [PMID: 33039761 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, the boronated drug plays a leading role in delivering a lethal dose to the tumour. The effectiveness depends on the boron macroscopic concentration and on its distribution at sub-cellular level. This work shows a way to colocalize alpha particles and lithium ions tracks with cells. A neutron autoradiography technique is used, which combines images of cells with images of tracks produced in a solid-state nuclear track detector.
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8
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Boron neutron capture therapy for malignant brain tumors. J Neurooncol 2020; 149:1-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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9
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Yoneoka S, Park KC, Nakagawa Y, Ebara M, Tsukahara T. Synthesis and Evaluation of Thermoresponsive Boron-Containing Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Diblock Copolymers for Self-Assembling Nanomicellar Boron Carriers. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 11:E42. [PMID: 30960026 PMCID: PMC6401969 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new boron nanocarriers has been a crucial issue to be solved for advancing boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) as an effective radiation treatment for cancers. The present study aimed to create a novel double-thermoresponsive boron-containing diblock copolymer based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) [poly(NIPAAm)], which exhibits two-step phase transitions (morphological transitions) at the temperature region below human body temperature. The boronated diblock copolymer considerably concentrates boron atoms into the water-dispersible (i.e., intravenous-administration possible) nanomicelles self-assembled by the first phase transition, and furthermore the properly controlled size and hydrophobicity of the second phase-transitioned nanoparticles are expected to make a significant contribution to the selective delivery and long-term retention of boron atoms into tumor tissues. Here we present the detailed synthesis of the strategic NIPAAm-based diblock copolymer with 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid (PBA), i.e., poly(NIPAAm-block-NIPAAm-co-PBA), through a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Furthermore, the stepwise phase transition behavior of the obtained boronic-acid diblock copolymers was characterized in detail by temperature-variable ¹H and 11B-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The phase-transition-induced molecular structural changes, including the structural compositions and sizes of nanomicelles and nanoparticles, are also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Yoneoka
- Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-N1-6, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Ki Chul Park
- Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-N1-6, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Nakagawa
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
- Graduate School of Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Tsukahara
- Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-N1-6, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
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10
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Wang Y, Xie M, Ma Y. Neutron transport solution of lattice Boltzmann method and streaming-based block-structured adaptive mesh refinement. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Icten O, Kose DA, Matissek SJ, Misurelli JA, Elsawa SF, Hosmane NS, Zumreoglu-Karan B. Gadolinium borate and iron oxide bioconjugates: Nanocomposites of next generation with multifunctional applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 92:317-328. [PMID: 30184756 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The systematic investigations concerning the bioconjugation of GdBO3-Fe3O4 nanocomposite and their in vitro biocompatibility with cancer cell lines are reported. The nanocomposites were prepared hydrothermally from magnetite (Fe3O4), borax or boric acid and a Gd3+ salt. Bioconjugation processes were performed with citric acid and fluorescein isothiocyanate-doped silica, followed by the treatment with folic acid. Overall, the procedure involved "bare or PEGylated Fe3O4 as the magnetic core" and "vaterite- or triclinic-type of GdBO3 as the surface borate layer" for comparative evaluation of the results. The successful vectorization of the nanocomposite particles was demonstrated by quantitative and qualitative analytical data. All bioconjugates displayed soft ferromagnetic properties and negative zeta potential values that are appropriate for biological applications. The 10B and 157Gd contents were ca. 1014 atom/μg making them promising agents for BNCT, GdNCT and the combined GdBNCT. The Gd/Fe molar ratios (0.27-0.63) provided the capability for T1- or dual (T1 + T2) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In vitro studies were conducted to investigate the efficiency of targeted FA-conjugated versus non-FA conjugated nanoformulations on Mia-Pa-Ca-2, HeLa and A549 cells. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry data unveiled the essential role of the zeta potential competing with folate targeting in the uptake mechanism. The bioconjugated nanoplatforms of GdBO3-Fe3O4 composite, introduced herein, proved to have potential features of next generation agents for magnetically targeted therapy, fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging/diagnosis and Neutron Capture Therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Icten
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Division, Hacettepe University, Turkey
| | | | - Stephan J Matissek
- Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jason A Misurelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, USA
| | - Sherine F Elsawa
- Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, USA
| | - Narayan S Hosmane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, USA.
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12
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Zhang X, Yan H. Pd(ii)-catalyzed synthesis of bifunctionalized carboranes via cage B-H activation of 1-CH 2NH 2- o-carboranes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3964-3969. [PMID: 29780529 PMCID: PMC5941203 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01154k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoalkyl carboranes are anticipated to be valuable synthons toward the synthesis of bifunctionalized carboranes. However, direct cage boron derivation of these carborane derivatives has not been solved. Herein, the reversible conversion of catalytically infeasible o-carboranyl methylamines (1-CH2NH2-o-carboranes) into bidentate imines initiates Pd-mediated cage B-H activation. As a result, an amine coordinated bicyclic Pd(ii) complex (3) has been isolated and proven to be the catalytically active intermediate for highly site-selective B-H diarylation of o-carboranyl methylamines. Using glyoxylic acid as an inexpensive and commercially available transient directing reagent, a wide range of cage B(4,5)-diarylated free primary o-carboranyl methylamines were prepared in good to excellent yields with the avoidance of the pre-installation and removal of a directing group. This method provides easy access to cage boron functionalized o-carboranyl methylamines with potential for application in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , P. R. China .
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210093 , P. R. China .
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13
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Polycomplexes of Hyaluronic Acid and Borates in a Solid State and Solution: Synthesis, Characterization and Perspectives of Application in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020181. [PMID: 30966217 PMCID: PMC6415177 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, we propose a new polyborate fragment synthesis strategy along the whole chain of the polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA) to produce boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) compounds. Under high pressure and deformatory solid-state conditions, polymolecular system formation takes place due to association of phase-specific transition components into a more or less distinct microscopic organization. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy shows that HA and polyborates form a network of cyclic polychelate complexes. HA acts as a multidentate ligand using carboxylic and hydroxyl proton donor groups to link oxygen atoms in B⁻O⁻B bonds and borate-anions B⁻O(-): O⁻H···O, O⁻H···(-)O. With free electron pairs in heteroatoms ⁻O(:)···B, ⁻N(:)···B, HA can act simultaneously as an electron donor. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with 13C and ¹H reveals a preserved complex interaction after both solubilizing and attenuating the HA-polyborate system. Stability of the product in water, low cost, ease of synthesis and scalability of manufacturing indicate that HA-polyborate complexes might have advantages over current chemotherapeutic approaches in creating therapeutic agents for BNCT.
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14
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Validation and Comparison of the Therapeutic Efficacy of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Mediated By Boron-Rich Liposomes in Multiple Murine Tumor Models. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:686-692. [PMID: 28683435 PMCID: PMC5498409 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) was performed at the University of Missouri Research Reactor in mice bearing CT26 colon carcinoma flank tumors and the results were compared with previously performed studies with mice bearing EMT6 breast cancer flank tumors. Mice were implanted with CT26 tumors subcutaneously in the caudal flank and were given two separate tail vein injections of unilamellar liposomes composed of cholesterol, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycer-3-phosphocholine, and K[nido-7-CH3(CH2)15–7,8-C2B9H11] in the lipid bilayer and encapsulated Na3[1-(2`-B10H9)-2-NH3B10H8] within the liposomal core. Mice were irradiated 30 hours after the second injection in a thermal neutron beam for various lengths of time. The tumor size was monitored daily for 72 days. Despite relatively lower tumor boron concentrations, as compared to EMT6 tumors, a 45 minute neutron irradiation BNCT resulted in complete resolution of the tumors in 50% of treated mice, 50% of which never recurred. Median time to tumor volume tripling was 38 days in BNCT treated mice, 17 days in neutron-irradiated mice given no boron compounds, and 4 days in untreated controls. Tumor response in mice with CT26 colon carcinoma was markedly more pronounced than in previous reports of mice with EMT6 tumors, a difference which increased with dose. The slope of the dose response curve of CT26 colon carcinoma tumors is 1.05 times tumor growth delay per Gy compared to 0.09 times tumor growth delay per Gy for EMT6 tumors, indicating that inherent radiosensitivity of tumors plays a role in boron neutron capture therapy and should be considered in the development of clinical applications of BNCT in animals and man.
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15
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Zolfaghari M, Sedaghatizadeh M. Design of thermal neutron beam based on an electron linear accelerator for BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 118:149-153. [PMID: 27640175 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An electron linear accelerator (Linac) can be used for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) by producing thermal neutron flux. In this study, we used a Varian 2300 C/D Linac and MCNPX.2.6.0 code to simulate an electron-photoneutron source for use in BNCT. In order to decelerate the produced fast neutrons from the photoneutron source, which optimize the thermal neutron flux, a beam-shaping assembly (BSA) was simulated. After simulations, a thermal neutron flux with sharp peak at the beam exit was obtained in the order of 3.09×108n/cm2 s and 6.19×108n/cm2 s for uranium and enriched uranium (10%) as electron-photoneutron sources respectively. Also, in-phantom dose analysis indicates that the simulated thermal neutron beam can be used for treatment of shallow skin melanoma in time of about 85.4 and 43.6min for uranium and enriched uranium (10%) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Zolfaghari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Sedaghatizadeh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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MIYATAKE SI, KAWABATA S, HIRAMATSU R, KUROIWA T, SUZUKI M, KONDO N, ONO K. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Malignant Brain Tumors. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2016; 56:361-71. [PMID: 27250576 PMCID: PMC4945594 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2015-0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a biochemically targeted radiotherapy based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when non-radioactive boron-10, which is a constituent of natural elemental boron, is irradiated with low energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer alpha particles and recoiling lithium-7 nuclei. Therefore, BNCT enables the application of a high dose of particle radiation selectively to tumor cells in which boron-10 compound has been accumulated. We applied BNCT using nuclear reactors for 167 cases of malignant brain tumors, including recurrent malignant gliomas, newly diagnosed malignant gliomas, and recurrent high-grade meningiomas from January 2002 to May 2014. Here, we review the principle and history of BNCT. In addition, we introduce fluoride-18-labeled boronophenylalanine positron emission tomography and the clinical results of BNCT for the above-mentioned malignant brain tumors. Finally, we discuss the recent development of accelerators producing epithermal neutron beams. This development could provide an alternative to the current use of specially modified nuclear reactors as a neutron source, and could allow BNCT to be performed in a hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi MIYATAKE
- Cancer Center, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka
| | - Shinji KAWABATA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka
| | - Ryo HIRAMATSU
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka
| | | | - Minoru SUZUKI
- Particle Radiation Oncology Research Center, Kyoto University Research, Reactor Institute, Kumatori, Osaka
| | - Natsuko KONDO
- Particle Radiation Oncology Research Center, Kyoto University Research, Reactor Institute, Kumatori, Osaka
| | - Koji ONO
- Particle Radiation Oncology Research Center, Kyoto University Research, Reactor Institute, Kumatori, Osaka
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Postuma I, Bortolussi S, Protti N, Ballarini F, Bruschi P, Ciani L, Ristori S, Panza L, Ferrari C, Cansolino L, Altieri S. An improved neutron autoradiography set-up for (10)B concentration measurements in biological samples. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2015; 21:123-8. [PMID: 26933395 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a binary hadrontherapy which exploits the neutron capture reaction in boron, together with a selective uptake of boronated substances by the neoplastic tissue. There is increasing evidence that future improvements in clinical BNCT will be triggered by the discovery of new boronated compounds, with higher selectivity for the tumor with respect to clinically used sodium borocaptate (BSH) and boronophenylalanine (BPA). BACKGROUND Therefore, a (10)B quantification technique for biological samples is needed in order to evaluate the performance of new boronated formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS This article describes an improved neutron autoradiography set-up employing radiation sensitive films where the latent tracks are made visible by proper etching conditions. RESULTS Calibration curves for both liquid and tissue samples were obtained. CONCLUSIONS The obtained calibration curves were adopted to set-up a mechanism to point out boron concentration in the whole sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Postuma
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, INFN, Section of Pavia, Italy
| | - Silva Bortolussi
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, INFN, Section of Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, INFN, Section of Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Ballarini
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, INFN, Section of Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Laura Ciani
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchi' & CSGI, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Ristori
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchi' & CSGI, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi Panza
- DISCAFF, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Universit degli Studidi Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Cansolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Universit degli Studidi Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, INFN, Section of Pavia, Italy
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Ramos RL, Sztejnberg Gonçalves-Carralves ML, Cantargi F. Reprint of Bioneutronics: Thermal scattering in organics tissues and its impact on BNCT dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 106:156-60. [PMID: 26515135 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutron transport calculation is a key factor in BNCT numerical dosimetry assessments where thermal neutron flux is intimately related to the neutron dose, specially, the therapeutic boron dose. In this work, numerical calculations in phantoms were performed to determine the importance of utilizing the appropriate thermal scattering treatment for different organic tissues. Two thermal treatments for the neutron scattering were included in the simulations: hydrogen bounded in bulk water and hydrogen bounded in a lipid like carbon chain (polyethylene). The results showed difference between both thermal treatments that can reach several percent points depending on the type of source and irradiated geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Ramos
- Instituto Dan Beninson, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | - F Cantargi
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500 (8500), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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Ramos R, Sztejnberg Gonçalves-Carralves M, Cantargi F. Bioneutronics: Thermal scattering in organics tissues and its impact on BNCT dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 104:55-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Differences in fundamental reaction mechanisms between high and low-LET in recent advancements and applications of ionizing radiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Marrale M, Longo A, Brai M, Barbon A, Brustolon M. Discrimination of Radiation Quality Through Second Harmonic Out-of-Phase cw-ESR Detection. Radiat Res 2014; 181:184-92. [DOI: 10.1667/rr13436.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Marrale
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 18, 90128 Palermo, Italy and Gruppo V INFN Sezione di Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Anna Longo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 18, 90128 Palermo, Italy and Gruppo V INFN Sezione di Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Maria Brai
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 18, 90128 Palermo, Italy and Gruppo V INFN Sezione di Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Antonio Barbon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy, and Gruppo V INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Marina Brustolon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy, and Gruppo V INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, Padova, 35131, Italy
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Radwan AA, Alanazi FK. Targeting cancer using cholesterol conjugates. Saudi Pharm J 2014; 22:3-16. [PMID: 24493968 PMCID: PMC3909757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of cholesterol moiety to active compounds for either cancer treatment or diagnosis is an attractive approach. Cholesterol derivatives are widely studied as cancer diagnostic agents and as anticancer derivatives either in vitro or in vivo using animal models. In largely growing studies, anticancer agents have been chemically conjugated to cholesterol molecules, to enhance their pharmacokinetic behavior, cellular uptake, target specificity, and safety. To efficiently deliver anticancer agents to the target cells and tissues, many different cholesterol-anticancer conjugates were synthesized and characterized, and their anticancer efficiencies were tested in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awwad A. Radwan
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Fares K. Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Yang FY, Chen YW, Chou FI, Yen SH, Lin YL, Wong TT. Boron neutron capture therapy for glioblastoma multiforme: enhanced drug delivery and antitumor effect following blood-brain barrier disruption induced by focused ultrasound. Future Oncol 2013; 8:1361-9. [PMID: 23130933 DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study investigated whether the efficacy of boron neutron capture therapy was enhanced by means of intravenous administration of boronophenylalanine (BPA) with blood-brain barrier disruption induced by focused ultrasound (FUS). MATERIALS & METHODS BPA was administered, followed by pulsed FUS, and the boron concentration in the treated brains was quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Growth of the firefly luciferase-labeled glioma cells was monitored through noninvasive biophotonic imaging. Finally, the brain tissue was histologically examined after sacrifice. RESULTS Compared with the nonsonicated tumor group, animals treated with an injection of 500 mg/kg of BPA followed by FUS exhibited not only significantly increased accumulation of the drug at the sonicated tumor site, but also a significantly elevated tumor-to-normal brain drug ratio (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION The data demonstrated that FUS significantly enhances the tumor-to-normal brain drug ratio in the sonicated tumor and subsequently the efficacy of boron neutron capture therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging & Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, No 155, Sec 2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Barth RF, Vicente MGH, Harling OK, Kiger WS, Riley KJ, Binns PJ, Wagner FM, Suzuki M, Aihara T, Kato I, Kawabata S. Current status of boron neutron capture therapy of high grade gliomas and recurrent head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol 2012; 7:146. [PMID: 22929110 PMCID: PMC3583064 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-7-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a biochemically targeted radiotherapy based on the nuclear capture and fission reactions that occur when non-radioactive boron-10, which is a constituent of natural elemental boron, is irradiated with low energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer alpha particles and recoiling lithium-7 nuclei. Clinical interest in BNCT has focused primarily on the treatment of high grade gliomas, recurrent cancers of the head and neck region and either primary or metastatic melanoma. Neutron sources for BNCT currently have been limited to specially modified nuclear reactors, which are or until the recent Japanese natural disaster, were available in Japan, the United States, Finland and several other European countries, Argentina and Taiwan. Accelerators producing epithermal neutron beams also could be used for BNCT and these are being developed in several countries. It is anticipated that the first Japanese accelerator will be available for therapeutic use in 2013. The major hurdle for the design and synthesis of boron delivery agents has been the requirement for selective tumor targeting to achieve boron concentrations in the range of 20 μg/g. This would be sufficient to deliver therapeutic doses of radiation with minimal normal tissue toxicity. Two boron drugs have been used clinically, a dihydroxyboryl derivative of phenylalanine, referred to as boronophenylalanine or “BPA”, and sodium borocaptate or “BSH” (Na2B12H11SH). In this report we will provide an overview of other boron delivery agents that currently are under evaluation, neutron sources in use or under development for BNCT, clinical dosimetry, treatment planning, and finally a summary of previous and on-going clinical studies for high grade gliomas and recurrent tumors of the head and neck region. Promising results have been obtained with both groups of patients but these outcomes must be more rigorously evaluated in larger, possibly randomized clinical trials. Finally, we will summarize the critical issues that must be addressed if BNCT is to become a more widely established clinical modality for the treatment of those malignancies for which there currently are no good treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf F Barth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 165 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Orengo G, de Oliveira Graça C. A model of the 14MeV neutrons source term, for numerical solution of the transport equation to be used in BNCT simulation. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2011.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Compagnin C, Baù L, Mognato M, Celotti L, Miotto G, Arduini M, Moret F, Fede C, Selvestrel F, Rio Echevarria IM, Mancin F, Reddi E. The cellular uptake of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin entrapped in organically modified silica nanoparticles is mediated by serum proteins. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:345101. [PMID: 19652275 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/34/345101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized objects made of various materials are gaining increasing attention as promising vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents for cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to offer a very attractive opportunity to implement drug delivery systems since no release of the sensitizer is needed to obtain the therapeutic effect and the design of the nanovehicle should be much easier. The aim of our study was to investigate the use of organic-modified silica nanoparticles (NPs) for the delivery of the second-generation photosensitizer meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC) to cancer cells in vitro. mTHPC was entrapped in NPs (approximately 33 nm diameter) in a monomeric form which produced singlet oxygen with a high efficiency. In aqueous media with high salt concentrations, the NPs underwent aggregation and precipitation but their stability could be preserved in the presence of foetal bovine serum. The cellular uptake, localization and phototoxic activity of mTHPC was determined comparatively in human oesophageal cancer cells after its delivery by the NPs and the standard solvent ethanol/poly(ethylene glycol) 400/water (20:30:50, by vol). The NP formulation reduced the cellular uptake of mTHPC by about 50% in comparison to standard solvent while it did not affect the concentration-dependent photokilling activity of mTHPC and its intracellular localization. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements, using NPs with mTHPC physically entrapped and a cyanine covalently linked, and ultracentrifugation experiments indicated that mTHPC is transferred from NPs to serum proteins when present in the medium. However, the coating of the NP surface with poly(ethylene glycol) largely prevented the transfer to proteins. In conclusion, mTHPC is rapidly transferred from the uncoated nanoparticles to the serum proteins and then internalized by the cells as a protein complex, irrespective of its modality of delivery.
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Marrale M, Brai M, Barbon A, Brustolon M. Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of Free Radicals in Ammonium Tartrate by Pulse EPR Techniques. Radiat Res 2009; 171:349-59. [DOI: 10.1667/rr1358.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Capuani S, Porcari P, Fasano F, Campanella R, Maraviglia B. 10B-editing 1H-detection and 19F MRI strategies to optimize boron neutron capture therapy. Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 26:987-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2008.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Easson MW, Fronczek FR, Jensen TJ, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and in vitro properties of trimethylamine- and phosphonate-substituted carboranylporphyrins for application in BNCT. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:3191-208. [PMID: 18178445 PMCID: PMC2366195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Revised: 12/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of carboranylporphyrins containing either amine or phosphonic acid functionalities and two to six closo-carborane clusters have been synthesized via a [2+2] condensation of a dimethylamino- or diethylphosphonate-substituted dipyrromethane with a dicarboranylmethyl-benzaldehyde. The X-ray structures of four key reaction intermediates (1, 2, 3, and 4a) and of two target porphyrins, the diphosphonate ester- and the diamino-tetracarboranylporphyrins 5b and 6a, are presented and discussed. In vitro studies using human carcinoma HEp2 and human glioblastoma T98G cells show that these porphyrins are non-toxic in the dark up to 100 microM concentrations, and that a tetracarboranylporphyrin bearing two quaternary ammonium groups is the most efficiently taken up by cells at short times (up to 8 h), followed by a dicarboranylporphyrin bearing three phosphonic acid substituents. All carboranylporphyrins delivered therapeutic amounts of boron to T98G cells and localized mainly within the cell lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Easson
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-1804, USA
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Marrale M, Brai M, Gennaro G, Bartolotta A, D'Oca MC. The Effect of Gadolinium on the ESR Response of Alanine and Ammonium Tartrate Exposed to Thermal Neutrons. Radiat Res 2008; 169:232-9. [DOI: 10.1667/rr1138.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Doi A, Kawabata S, Iida K, Yokoyama K, Kajimoto Y, Kuroiwa T, Shirakawa T, Kirihata M, Kasaoka S, Maruyama K, Kumada H, Sakurai Y, Masunaga SI, Ono K, Miyatake SI. Tumor-specific targeting of sodium borocaptate (BSH) to malignant glioma by transferrin-PEG liposomes: a modality for boron neutron capture therapy. J Neurooncol 2008; 87:287-94. [PMID: 18219552 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) requires selective delivery of a high concentration of boron-10 ((10)B) to tumor tissue. To improve a drug delivery in BNCT, we devised transferrin-conjugated polyethylene-glycol liposome encapsulating sodium borocaptate (TF-PEG-BSH). METHODS (10)B concentrations of U87Delta human glioma cells from three boron delivery systems (BDS) (bare BSH, PEG-BSH, and TF-PEG-BSH) were analyzed in vitro by use of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). A colony-forming assay (CFA) was performed using this cell line with the three BDS and neutron irradiation. Subcellular localization of BSH in tumor cells was analyzed in vitro by immunocytochemistry using monoclonal antibodies raised for BSH. Brain tumor models were made and the (10)B concentrations of the tumor, blood, and normal brain from each BDS were analyzed in vivo by use of ICP-AES. The tumor-to-blood and the tumor-to-normal brain ratios were evaluated. BNCT for the brain tumor models was performed and survival was analyzed. RESULTS In CFA, TF-PEG-BSH showed the most prominent effects by neutron irradiation among the three BDS. TF-PEG-BSH showed highly selective and highly efficient (10)B delivery in tumor tissue. The survival rate in the treatment experiment was best in the TF-PEG-BSH group. Immunocytochemically, TF-PEG-BSH delivered BSH efficiently not only into the cytoplasm but also into the nucleus. CONCLUSION TF-PEG-BSH is a potent BDS for BNCT not only in terms of delivering a high concentration of (10)B into tumor tissue, but also the selective delivery of (10)B into the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Doi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Dagrosa MA, Thomasz L, Longhino J, Perona M, Calzetta O, Blaumann H, Rebagliati RJ, Cabrini R, Kahl S, Juvenal GJ, Pisarev MA. Optimization of boron neutron capture therapy for the treatment of undifferentiated thyroid cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 69:1059-66. [PMID: 17967301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2006] [Revised: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 04/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the possible increase in efficacy of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (UTC) by using p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) plus 2,4-bis (alpha,beta-dihydroxyethyl)-deutero-porphyrin IX (BOPP) and BPA plus nicotinamide (NA) as a radiosensitizer of the BNCT reaction. METHODS AND MATERIALS Nude mice were transplanted with a human UTC cell line (ARO), and after 15 days they were treated as follows: (1) control, (2) NCT (neutrons alone), (3) NCT plus NA (100 mg/kg body weight [bw]/day for 3 days), (4) BPA (350 mg/kg bw) + neutrons, (5) BPA + NA + neutrons, and (6) BPA + BOPP (60 mg/kg bw) + neutrons. The flux of the mixed (thermal + epithermal) neutron beam was 2.8 x 10(8) n/cm(2)/sec for 83.4 min. RESULTS Neutrons alone or with NA caused some tumor growth delay, whereas in the BPA, BPA + NA, and BPA + BOPP groups a 100% halt of tumor growth was observed in all mice at 26 days after irradiation. When the initial tumor volume was 50 mm(3) or less, complete remission was found with BPA + NA (2 of 2 mice), BPA (1 of 4), and BPA + BOPP (7 of 7). After 90 days of complete regression, recurrence of the tumor was observed in BPA + NA (2 of 2) and BPA + BOPP (1 of 7). The determination of apoptosis in tumor samples by measurements of caspase-3 activity showed an increase in the BNCT (BPA + NA) group at 24 h (p < 0.05 vs. controls) and after the first week after irradiation in the three BNCT groups. Terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling analysis confirmed these results. CONCLUSIONS Although NA combined with BPA showed an increase of apoptosis at early times, only the group irradiated after the combined administration of BPA and BOPP showed a significantly improved therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alejandra Dagrosa
- Department of Radiobiology (Constituyentes Atomic Center), National Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Salvati A, Ristori S, Pietrangeli D, Oberdisse J, Calamai L, Martini G, Ricciardi G. Insertion of a magnesium(II)-octacarboranyl(hexylsulfanyl) porphyrazine into liposomes: A physico-chemical study. Biophys Chem 2007; 131:43-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2007.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Revised: 09/01/2007] [Accepted: 09/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pisarev MA, Dagrosa MA, Juvenal GJ. Boron neutron capture therapy in cancer: past, present and future. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 51:852-6. [PMID: 17891250 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302007000500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated thyroid cancer (UTC) is a very aggressive tumor with no effective treatment, since it lacks iodine uptake and does not respond to radio or chemotherapy. The prognosis of these patients is bad, due to the rapid growth of the tumor and the early development of metastasis. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the selective uptake of certain boron non-radioactive compounds by a tumor, and the subsequent irradiation of the area with an appropriate neutron beam. 10B is then activated to 11B, which will immediately decay releasing alpha particles and 7Li, of high linear energy transfer (LET) and limited reach. Clinical trials are being performed in patients with glioblastoma multiforme and melanoma. We have explored its possible application to UTC. Our results demonstrated that a cell line of human UTC has a selective uptake of borophenylalanine (BPA) both in vitro and after transplantation to nude mice. Treatment of mice by BNCT led to a complete control of growth and cure of 100% of the animals. Moreover dogs with spontaneous UTC also have a selective uptake of BPA. At the present we are studying the biodistribution of BPA in patients with UTC before its application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Pisarev
- Division of Nuclear Biochemistry, Department of Radiobiology, National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Tamura Y, Miyatake SI, Nonoguchi N, Miyata S, Yokoyama K, Doi A, Kuroiwa T, Asada M, Tanabe H, Ono K. Boron neutron capture therapy for recurrent malignant meningioma. Case report. J Neurosurg 2007; 105:898-903. [PMID: 17405262 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2006.105.6.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Malignant meningioma is a rare brain tumor with a high risk of recurrence. If this tumor recurs after complete resection and adjuvant radiotherapy, there is no optimal treatment to control it. The authors report the first case of recurrent malignant meningioma treated using boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). This 25-year-old pregnant woman presented with a large frontal tumor. After her baby was born, she underwent gross-total resection of the tumor. A second resection and three Gamma Knife surgeries could not control progression of the enhancing mass; therefore, the authors applied BNCT based on their experience with it in the treatment of malignant gliomas. The minimum tumor dose and maximum brain tissue dose were estimated as 39.7 Gy-Eq and less than 9.0 Gy-Eq, respectively. Before BNCT the patient was mobile by wheelchair only, whereas 1 week after therapy she was able to walk. Twenty-two weeks later she underwent a second BNCT for tumor regrowth on the contralateral side, and the lesion was subsequently reduced. The tumor volume was markedly decreased from 65.6 cm3 at the time of the first BNCT to 31.8 cm3 at 26 weeks thereafter. The treatment of recurrent malignant meningioma is difficult and has been discouraging thus far. Data in the present case indicate that BNCT may be a promising treatment option for this challenging tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoji Tamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan.
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Agger R, Petersen MS, Petersen CC, Hansen SB, Stødkilde-Jørgensen H, Skands U, Blankenstein T, Andersen TE, Hulgaard EF, Jørgensen JT, Marqversen J, Gundersen HJG, Hokland ME. T cell homing to tumors detected by 3D-coordinated positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. J Immunother 2007; 30:29-39. [PMID: 17198081 DOI: 10.1097/01.cji.0000211326.38149.7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A general hindrance to progress in adoptive cellular therapy is the lack of detailed knowledge of the fate of transferred cells in the body of the recipient. In this study, we present a novel technique for tracking of 124I-labeled cells in situ, which combines the high spatial resolution of magnetic resonance imaging with the high sensitivity and spatial accuracy of positron emission tomography. We have used this technique, together with determination of tissue radioactivity, flow cytometry, and microscopy, to characterize and quantitate the specific accumulation of transferred CD8+ T cells in tumor tissue in a mouse model. Transgenic CD8+ T cells, specific for the ovalbumin peptide SIINFEKL, were adoptively transferred to recipients carrying a subcutaneous tumor of the ovalbumin-expressing malignant melanoma cell line B16-OVA. The number of SIINFEKL-specific CD8+ cells in the tumor tissue was determined by flow cytometry each day for 8 consecutive days after adoptive transfer. From low levels 1 day after injection, their number gradually increased until day 5 when an average of 3.3x10(6) SIINFEKL-specific cells per gram tumor tissue was found. By applying the combined positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging technique we were able to determine the position of the transferred, 124I-labeled SIINFEKL-specific T cells in 3 dimensions in recipient mice, and could demonstrate a highly significant accumulation of the 124I label in and around the subcutaneous B16-OVA tumors compared with normal tissue. Accumulation of 124I was significantly higher in B16-OVA than in B16 tumors not expressing the OVA antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Agger
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, The Bartholin Building, Denmark.
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Wu G, Yang W, Barth RF, Kawabata S, Swindall M, Bandyopadhyaya AK, Tjarks W, Khorsandi B, Blue TE, Ferketich AK, Yang M, Christoforidis GA, Sferra TJ, Binns PJ, Riley KJ, Ciesielski MJ, Fenstermaker RA. Molecular Targeting and Treatment of an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Positive Glioma Using Boronated Cetuximab. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:1260-8. [PMID: 17317838 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-2399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the anti-epidermal growth factor monoclonal antibody (mAb) cetuximab (IMC-C225) as a delivery agent for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of a human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene-transfected rat glioma, designated as F98(EGFR). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A heavily boronated polyamidoamine dendrimer was chemically linked to cetuximab by means of the heterobifunctional reagents N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)-propionate and N-(k-maleimido undecanoic acid)-hydrazide. The bioconjugate, designated as BD-C225, was specifically taken up by F98(EGFR) glioma cells in vitro compared with receptor-negative F98 wild-type cells (41.8 versus 9.1 microg/g). For in vivo biodistribution studies, F98(EGFR) cells were implanted stereotactically into the brains of Fischer rats, and 14 days later, BD-C225 was given intracerebrally by either convection enhanced delivery (CED) or direct intratumoral (i.t.) injection. RESULTS The amount of boron retained by F98(EGFR) gliomas 24 h following CED or i.t. injection was 77.2 and 50.8 microg/g, respectively, with normal brain and blood boron values <0.05 mug/g. Boron neutron capture therapy was carried out at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research Reactor 24 h after CED of BD-C225, either alone or in combination with i.v. boronophenylalanine (BPA). The corresponding mean survival times (MST) were 54.5 and 70.9 days (P = 0.017), respectively, with one long-term survivor (more than 180 days). In contrast, the MSTs of irradiated and untreated controls, respectively, were 30.3 and 26.3 days. In a second study, the combination of BD-C225 and BPA plus sodium borocaptate, given by either i.v. or intracarotid injection, was evaluated and the MSTs were equivalent to that obtained with BD-C225 plus i.v. BPA. CONCLUSIONS The survival data obtained with BD-C225 are comparable with those recently reported by us using boronated mAb L8A4 as the delivery agent. This mAb recognizes the mutant receptor, EGFRvIII. Taken together, these data convincingly show the therapeutic efficacy of molecular targeting of EGFR using a boronated mAb either alone or in combination with BPA and provide a platform for the future development of combinations of high and low molecular weight delivery agents for BNCT of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
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Yokoyama K, Miyatake SI, Kajimoto Y, Kawabata S, Doi A, Yoshida T, Okabe M, Kirihata M, Ono K, Kuroiwa T. Analysis of Boron DistributionIn Vivofor Boron Neutron Capture Therapy using Two Different Boron Compounds by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. Radiat Res 2007; 167:102-9. [PMID: 17214510 DOI: 10.1667/rr0501.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 07/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for malignant gliomas depends on the selective and absolute accumulation of (10)B atoms in tumor tissues. Only two boron compounds, BPA and BSH, currently can be used clinically. However, the detailed distributions of these compounds have not been determined. Here we used secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to determine the histological distribution of (10)B atoms derived from the boron compounds BSH and BPA. C6 tumor-bearing rats were given 500 mg/kg of BPA or 100 mg/kg of BSH intraperitoneally; 2.5 h later, their brains were sectioned and subjected to SIMS. In the main tumor mass, BPA accumulated heterogeneously, while BSH accumulated homogeneously. In the peritumoral area, both BPA and BSH accumulated measurably. Interestingly, in this area, BSH accumulated distinctively in a diffuse manner even 800 microm distant from the interface between the main tumor and normal brain. In the contralateral brain, BPA accumulated measurably, while BSH did not. In conclusion, both BPA and BSH each have advantages and disadvantages. These compounds are considered to be essential as boron delivery agents independently for clinical BNCT. There is some rationale for the simultaneous use of both compounds in clinical BNCT for malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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Pan X, Wu G, Yang W, Barth RF, Tjarks W, Lee RJ. Synthesis of cetuximab-immunoliposomes via a cholesterol-based membrane anchor for targeting of EGFR. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:101-8. [PMID: 17226962 PMCID: PMC2719908 DOI: 10.1021/bc060174r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to construct epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting cetuximab-immunoliposomes (ILs) for targeted delivery of boron compounds to EGFR(+) glioma cells for neutron capture therapy. The ILs were synthesized by using a novel cholesterol-based membrane anchor, maleimido-PEG-cholesterol (Mal-PEG-Chol), to incorporate cetuximab into liposomes by either surface conjugation or a post-insertion method. For post-insertion, the transfer efficiency of MAb conjugates from micelles to liposome was examined at varying temperatures, mPEG2000-DSPE ratios, and micelle-to-liposome lipid ratios. Following this, the cetuximab-ILs were evaluated for targeted delivery of the encapsulated boron anion, dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (2-) (B12H122-), to human EGFR gene transfected F98EGFR glioma cells as potential delivery agents for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In addition, cellular uptake of cetuximab-ILs, encapsulating a fluorescence dye, was analyzed by confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, and boron content was quantified by ICP-MS. Much greater ( approximately 8-fold) cellular uptake of boron was obtained using cetuximab-ILs in EGFR(+) F98EGFR compared with nontargeted human IgG-ILs. On the basis of these observations, we have concluded that cholesterol can serve as an effective anchor for MAb in liposomes, and cetuximab-ILs are potentially useful delivery vehicles for BNCT of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Pan
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices (CANPBD)
| | | | | | - Rolf F. Barth
- Department of Pathology
- NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Werner Tjarks
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy
- NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert J. Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices (CANPBD)
- NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Abstract
The role of RT in the management of melanoma is complex and spans the entire course of the disease. To provide optimal management of patients who have melanoma, radiation oncologists are an integral part of a multidisciplinary team. Appropriate integration of radiation into the management plan can improve locoregional control and alleviate symptoms from meta-static disease. The specific role of RT in locoregional disease is being refined. It is likely that current developments in radiation treatment technology will be applicable to melanoma. These should improve the therapeutic ratio by enhancing the tumoricidal effects of RT without increasing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Stevens
- Melanoma Foundation of New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealandd.
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41
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Mortensen MW, Sørensen PG, Björkdahl O, Jensen MR, Gundersen HJG, Bjørnholm T. Preparation and characterization of Boron carbide nanoparticles for use as a novel agent in T cell-guided boron neutron capture therapy. Appl Radiat Isot 2006; 64:315-24. [PMID: 16290943 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2005] [Revised: 08/19/2005] [Accepted: 08/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Boron carbide nanoparticles are proposed as a system for T cell-guided boron neutron capture therapy. Nanoparticles were produced by ball milling in various atmospheres of commercially available boron carbide. The physical and chemical properties of the particles were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrational spectroscopy, gel electrophoresis and chemical assays and reveal profound changes in surface chemistry and structural characteristics. In vitro thermal neutron irradiation of B16 melanoma cells incubated with sub-100 nm nanoparticles (381.5 microg/g (10)B) induces complete cell death. The nanoparticles alone induce no toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Mortensen
- Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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42
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Culard F, Bouffard S, Charlier M. High-LET irradiation of a DNA-binding protein: protein-protein and DNA-protein crosslinks. Radiat Res 2006; 164:774-80. [PMID: 16296883 DOI: 10.1667/rr3456.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The chromosomal protein MC1 is a monomeric protein of 93 amino acids that is able to bind any DNA but has a slight preferential affinity for some sequences and structures, like cruciform and minicircles. The protein has been irradiated with 36Ar18+ ions of 95 MeV/nucleon. The LET of these particles in water is close to 270 keV/microm. We tested the activity of the protein by measuring its ability to form complexes with DNA. We tested the integrity of the protein by measuring the molecular weight of the species formed. Compared with gamma radiation, we observed for the same dose a less efficient inactivation of the protein, a greater protection of the protein by the bound DNA, a lower induction of chain breakage, and a greater production of protein-protein and DNA-protein crosslinks. The results are discussed in terms of the quantitative and the qualitative differences between the two types of radiation: The global radical yield is slightly higher with gamma rays, whereas the density of radicals produced along the particle track is considerably higher with argon ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Culard
- Centre de biophysique moléculaire, CNRS, F-45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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Bendel P, Margalit R, Koudinova N, Salomon Y. Noninvasive quantitative in vivo mapping and metabolism of boronophenylalanine (BPA) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging. Radiat Res 2005; 164:680-7. [PMID: 16238447 DOI: 10.1667/rr3450.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
10B-enriched L-p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) is one of the compounds used in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this study, several variations of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) were applied to investigate the uptake, clearance and metabolism of the BPA-fructose complex (BPA-F) in normal mouse kidneys, rat oligodendroglioma xenografts, and rat blood. Localized 1H MRS was capable of following the uptake and clearance of BPA-F in mouse kidneys with temporal resolution of a few minutes, while 1H MRSI was used to image the BPA distribution in the kidney with a spatial resolution of 9 mm3. The results also revealed significant dissociation of the BPA-F complex to free BPA. This finding was corroborated by 1H and 11B NMR spectroscopy of rat blood samples as well as of tumor samples excised from mice after i.v. injection of BPA-F. This investigation demonstrates the feasibility of using 1H MRS and MRSI to follow the distribution of BPA in vivo, using NMR techniques specifically designed to optimize BPA detection. The implementation of such procedures could significantly improve the clinical efficacy of BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bendel
- Chemical Research Support, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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44
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Barth RF, Coderre JA, Vicente MGH, Blue TE. Boron neutron capture therapy of cancer: current status and future prospects. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:3987-4002. [PMID: 15930333 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 655] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the nuclear reaction that occurs when boron-10 is irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer alpha particles and recoiling lithium-7 nuclei. Clinical interest in BNCT has focused primarily on the treatment of high-grade gliomas and either cutaneous primaries or cerebral metastases of melanoma, most recently, head and neck and liver cancer. Neutron sources for BNCT currently are limited to nuclear reactors and these are available in the United States, Japan, several European countries, and Argentina. Accelerators also can be used to produce epithermal neutrons and these are being developed in several countries, but none are currently being used for BNCT. BORON DELIVERY AGENTS Two boron drugs have been used clinically, sodium borocaptate (Na(2)B(12)H(11)SH) and a dihydroxyboryl derivative of phenylalanine called boronophenylalanine. The major challenge in the development of boron delivery agents has been the requirement for selective tumor targeting to achieve boron concentrations ( approximately 20 microg/g tumor) sufficient to deliver therapeutic doses of radiation to the tumor with minimal normal tissue toxicity. Over the past 20 years, other classes of boron-containing compounds have been designed and synthesized that include boron-containing amino acids, biochemical precursors of nucleic acids, DNA-binding molecules, and porphyrin derivatives. High molecular weight delivery agents include monoclonal antibodies and their fragments, which can recognize a tumor-associated epitope, such as epidermal growth factor, and liposomes. However, it is unlikely that any single agent will target all or even most of the tumor cells, and most likely, combinations of agents will be required and their delivery will have to be optimized. CLINICAL TRIALS Current or recently completed clinical trials have been carried out in Japan, Europe, and the United States. The vast majority of patients have had high-grade gliomas. Treatment has consisted first of "debulking" surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, followed by BNCT at varying times after surgery. Sodium borocaptate and boronophenylalanine administered i.v. have been used as the boron delivery agents. The best survival data from these studies are at least comparable with those obtained by current standard therapy for glioblastoma multiforme, and the safety of the procedure has been established. CONCLUSIONS Critical issues that must be addressed include the need for more selective and effective boron delivery agents, the development of methods to provide semiquantitative estimates of tumor boron content before treatment, improvements in clinical implementation of BNCT, and a need for randomized clinical trials with an unequivocal demonstration of therapeutic efficacy. If these issues are adequately addressed, then BNCT could move forward as a treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf F Barth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Harling OK, Riley KJ, Binns PJ, Patel H, Coderre JA. The MIT User Center for Neutron Capture Therapy Research. Radiat Res 2005; 164:221-9. [PMID: 16038593 DOI: 10.1667/rr3403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Neutron capture therapy (NCT) research encompasses a wide range of preclinical and clinical studies needed to develop this promising but complex cancer treatment. Many specialized facilities and capabilities including thermal and epithermal neutron irradiation facilities, boron analysis, specialized mixed-field dosimetry, animal care facilities and protocols, cell culture laboratories, and, for human clinical studies, licenses and review board approvals are required for NCT research. Such infrastructure is essential, but much of it is not readily available within the community. This is especially true for neutron irradiation facilities, which often require significant development and capital investment too expensive to duplicate at each site performing NCT research. To meet this need, the NCT group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has established a User Center for NCT researchers that is already being accessed successfully by various groups. This paper describes the facilities, capabilities and other resources available at MIT and how the NCT research community can access them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto K Harling
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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Rossi S, Schinazi RF, Martini G. ESR as a valuable tool for the investigation of the dynamics of EPC and EPC/cholesterol liposomes containing a carboranyl-nucleoside intended for BNCT. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2005; 1712:81-91. [PMID: 15904892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Revised: 04/05/2005] [Accepted: 04/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy of long-chain nitroxides (5-, 7-, and 16-doxyl stearic acid) has been used to evaluate the perturbations induced by beta-5-o-carboranyl-2'-deoxyuridine (CDU) on the structure and dynamics of egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) and EPC/cholesterol liposomes. Loaded liposomes are intended for the use in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). From a detailed analysis of the motional and order parameters determining the ESR line shape as a function of temperature and of CDU content in liposomes, an increased order and a hindered motion of the phospholipid membranes resulted in the presence of increasing CDU concentration. This occurred particularly at the liposome surface level. Both higher ordering and increased rigidity of the membrane lipids were the result of the constraints exerted by the embedded carboranyl-nucleoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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47
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Ristori S, Oberdisse J, Grillo I, Donati A, Spalla O. Structural characterization of cationic liposomes loaded with sugar-based carboranes. Biophys J 2005; 88:535-47. [PMID: 15489297 PMCID: PMC1305031 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.104.049080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2004] [Accepted: 10/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article we report the physicochemical characterization of cationic liposomes loaded with orthocarborane and two of its sugar-containing derivatives. Carboranes are efficient boron delivery agents in boron neutron capture therapy, an anti-cancer treatment based on neutron absorption by 10B nuclei. Cationic liposomes were prepared using the positively charged DOTAP and the zwitterionic DOPE, as a helper lipid. These liposomes are currently used in gene therapy for their ability in targeting the cell nucleus; therefore they can be considered appropriate vectors for boron neutron capture therapy, in the quest of reducing the high boron amount that is necessary for successful cancer treatment. Boron uptake was determined by an original in situ method, based on neutron absorption. The structural properties of the loaded liposomes were studied in detail by the combined use of small angle x-ray scattering and small angle neutron scattering. These techniques established the global shape and size of liposomes and their bilayer composition. The results were discussed in term of molecular properties of the hosted drugs. Differences found in the insertion modality were correlated with the preparation procedure or with the specific shape and lipophilic-hydrophilic balance of each carborane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ristori
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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48
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Barth RF, Yang W, Al-Madhoun AS, Johnsamuel J, Byun Y, Chandra S, Smith DR, Tjarks W, Eriksson S. Boron-Containing Nucleosides as Potential Delivery Agents for Neutron Capture Therapy of Brain Tumors. Cancer Res 2004; 64:6287-95. [PMID: 15342417 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate both in vitro and in vivo a series of boron-containing nucleosides that potentially could be used as delivery agents for neutron capture therapy. The rationale for their synthesis was based on the fact that proliferating neoplastic cells have increased requirements for nucleic acid precursors, and, therefore, they should preferentially localize in the tumor. A series of 3-carboranlyalkyl thymidine analogs has been synthesized and a subset, designated N4, N5, and N7, and the corresponding 3-dihydroxypropyl derivatives, designated N4-2OH, N5-2OH, and N7-2OH, have been selected for evaluation. Using these compounds as substrates for recombinant human thymidine kinase-1 and the mitochondrial isoenzyme thymidine kinase-2, the highest phosphorylation levels relative to thymidine were seen with N5 and the corresponding dihydroxypropyl analog N5-2OH. In contrast, N4, N4-OH, N7, and N7-OH had substantially lower phosphorylation levels. To compare compounds with high and low thymidine kinase-1 substrate activity, N5 and N7 and the corresponding dihydroxypropyl derivatives were selected for evaluation of their cellular toxicity, uptake and retention by the F98 rat glioma, human MRA melanoma, and murine L929 cell lines, all of which are thymidine kinase-1(+), and a mutant L929 cell line that is thymidine kinase-1(-). N5-2OH was the least toxic (IC50, 43-70 microm), and N7 and N7-2OH were the most toxic (IC50, 18-49 microm). The highest boron uptake was seen with N7-2OH by the MRA 27 melanoma and L929 wild-type (wt) cell lines. The highest retention was seen with L929 (wt) cells, and this ranged from 29% for N5-2OH to 46% for N7. Based on the in vitro toxicity and uptake data, N5-2OH was selected for in vivo biodistribution studies either in rats bearing intracerebral implants of the F98 glioma or in mice bearing either s.c. or intracerebral implants of L929 (wt) tumors. At 2.5 hours after convection-enhanced delivery, the boron values for the F98 glioma and normal brain were 16.2 +/- 2.3 and 2.2 microg/g, respectively, and the tumor to brain ratio was 8.5. Boron values at 4 hours after convection-enhanced delivery of N5-2OH to mice bearing intracerebral implants of L929 (wt) or L929 thymidine kinase-1(-) tumors were 39.8 +/- 10.8 and 12.4 +/- 1.6 microg/g, respectively, and the corresponding normal brain values were 4.4 and 1.6 microg/g, thereby indicating that there was selective retention by the thymidine kinase-1(+) tumors. Based on these favorable in vitro and in vivo data, neutron capture therapy studies will be initiated using N5-2OH in combination with two non-cell cycle dependent boron delivery agents, boronophenylalanine and sodium borocaptate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf F Barth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Morandi S, Ristori S, Berti D, Panza L, Becciolini A, Martini G. Association of sugar-based carboranes with cationic liposomes: an electron spin resonance and light scattering study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2004; 1664:53-63. [PMID: 15238258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2004.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2003] [Revised: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 04/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of cationic (di-oleoyltrimethylammonium propane, DOTAP)/(L-alpha-dioleoylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine, DOPE) liposomes to act as carriers of boronated compounds such as 1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaboran(12)-1-ylmethyl](beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 1,2-di-(beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl-ox)methyl-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodeca-borane(12) has been investigated by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) of n-doxyl stearic acids (n-DSA) and Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering (QELS). Both these carboranes have potential use in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), which is a targeted therapy for the treatment of radiation resistant tumors. They were shown to give aggregation both in plain water and in saline solution. Carborane aggregates were, however, disrupted when DOTAP/DOPE liposome solutions were used as dispersing agents. The computer analysis of the ESR spectra from carborane-loaded liposomes allowed to establish an increase of the order degree in the liposome bilayer with increasing carborane concentration, together with a decreased mobility. The same discontinuities of both correlation time and order parameter with respect to temperature variations were observed in carborane-containing and carborane-free liposomes. This suggested that a homogeneous dispersion of nitroxides and carboranes occurred in the liposome bilayer. The ESR line shape analysis proved that no dramatic changes were induced in the liposome environment by carborane insertion. QELS data showed that the overall liposome structure was preserved, with a slight decrease in the mean hydrodynamic radius and increase in polydispersity caused by the guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Morandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Fisica delle Interfasi, Università di Firenze, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino no, Florence, Italy
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Kouri M, Kankaanranta L, Seppälä T, Tervo L, Rasilainen M, Minn H, Eskola O, Vähätalo J, Paetau A, Savolainen S, Auterinen I, Jääskeläinen J, Joensuu H. Undifferentiated sinonasal carcinoma may respond to single-fraction boron neutron capture therapy. Radiother Oncol 2004; 72:83-5. [PMID: 15236879 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2004.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2004] [Revised: 02/23/2004] [Accepted: 03/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A large, rapidly progressing, unresectable undifferentiated sinonasal head and neck carcinoma regressed rapidly following single fraction boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The main toxicity consisted of mucositis lasting for a few days. The quality of life improved and was excellent until tumour recurrence 6 months after the date of BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauri Kouri
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 180, FIN-00029 HUCH, Finland
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