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Raina A, Tantray YR, Khan S. Assessment of Bio-physiological damages and cytological aberrations in cowpea varieties treated with gamma rays and sodium azide. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288590. [PMID: 37471405 PMCID: PMC10358960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The assessment of mutagen induced biological damage forms an important study in determining the mutagenic potency and genotypic sensitivity, a vital aspect in mutation breeding programs. A prior assessment of lethal dose (LD50), mutagen induced biological damage (alterations in bio-physiological traits and frequency of cytological aberrations) is a prerequisite for determining an optimum mutagen dose in a successful mutation breeding experiment. Therefore, in a multi-year project of mutation breeding, two widely cultivated varieties of cowpea viz., Gomati VU-89 and Pusa-578, were treated with gamma (γ) rays and sodium azide (SA) doses. The results reflected a proportionate increase in bio-physiological damages with the increase in mutagenic doses and caused a substantial reduction in mean seed germination and seedling height. Different cytological aberrations such as cytomixis, univalents, chromosome stickiness, precocious separation, unequal separation, bridges, laggards, disturbed polarity, dyads, triads, and polyads were observed in both varieties. All the mutagen doses induced a broader spectrum of cytological aberrations with varying frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Raina
- Mutation Breeding Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- Botany Section, Women's College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | | - Samiullah Khan
- Mutation Breeding Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Kumar G, Bhardwaj M. Gamma Rays Induced Cytomictic Variations in Pollen Mother Cells of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) L. CYTOL GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452722030069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Chromosome numbers and meiotic behavior in some species of Asteraceae from high altitudinal regions of Kashmir Himalayas. JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC BIODIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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4
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Kravets EA, Plohovskaya SH, Horyunova II, Yemets AI, Blume YB. Sources of Chromosomal Polymorphism of Microsporocytes in Species of Lilium L. and Allium L.: Cytomixis, Extra Chromosomes, and Chromatin Diminution. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wagay NA, Khan NA, Rafiq S, Pulate P. A report of aneuploidy and cytomixis in rare and endemic species of central India: Cyathocline lutea Law ex Wight. THE NUCLEUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-019-00296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Kaur D, Singhal VK. Meiotic abnormalities affect genetic constitution and pollen viability in dicots from Indian cold deserts. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:10. [PMID: 30616590 PMCID: PMC6323802 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meiotic abnormalities lead to morphological and genetic variations which caused not only to evolution but also intraspecific reproductive barriers. During present study of detailed meiotic course in dicotyledonous plants sampled from Indian cold deserts, various meiotic abnormalities have been detected. For this, the plant materials fixed in Carnoy's fixative and studied detailed meiotic course by standard squash method in 1% acetocarmine. RESULTS Meiotic abnormalities have been presently detected in 71 species which include multiple associations in diploids (Achillea millefolium L.), multivalents and univalents in polyploids (4 species), cytomixis (40 species), chromosome stickiness (20 species), nonsynchronous disjunction of bivalents (32 species), interbivalent connections (15 species), synaptic mutants (2 species), syncyte meiocytes (2 species), abnormal spindles (7 species), and fusion of pollen grains (1 species), laggards and chromatin bridges, hypo-, hyperploid PMCs, monads, dyads, triads, tetrads with micronuclei and polyads. CONCLUSIONS Consequently, variable sized apparently fertile pollen grains and considerable amount of sterile pollen grains are resulted as end products which lead to different genetic constitution (aneuploids and polyploids) and curtailed sexual reproductive success in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalvir Kaur
- Department of Botany, Patel Memorial National College, Rajpura affiliated to Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab India
| | - V. K. Singhal
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab India
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Farooq U, Saggoo M. Studies on Male Meiosis and Microsporogenesis in <i>Rumex dentatus</i> L., an Important Medicinal Plant of North Western Himalaya. CYTOLOGIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.83.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umar Farooq
- Department of Botany, Govt. Degree College Shopian
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Kumar P, Singhal VK, Srivastava SK. First detection of cytomixis and its consequences in Thalictrum cultratum Wall. (Ranunculaceae). CYTOL GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452717050061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Kravets EA, Yemets AI, Blume YB. Cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton involvement in processes of cytomixis in plants. Cell Biol Int 2017; 43:999-1009. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alla Ivanovna Yemets
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and GenomicsNatl. Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyiv Ukraine
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Himshikha, Gupta RC, Kumar R, Singhal VK. Cytomixis and Intraspecific Polyploidy (2 x, 4 x) in Inula grandiflora Willd. from Malana Valley, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh. CYTOLOGIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.82.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Himshikha
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University
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Sidorchuk YV, Kravets EA, Mursalimov SR, Plokhovskaya SG, Goryunova II, Yemets AI, Blume YB, Deineko EV. Efficiency of the induction of cytomixis in the microsporogenesis of dicotyledonous (N. tabacum L.) and monocotyledonous (H. distichum L.) plants by thermal stress. Russ J Dev Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360416060072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mursalimov S, Sidorchuk Y, Demidov D, Meister A, Deineko E. A rise of ploidy level influences the rate of cytomixis in tobacco male meiosis. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:1583-1588. [PMID: 26553378 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0907-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of plant ploidy level on the rate of cytomixis in microsporogenesis has been analyzed with the help of a unique model, the collection of tobacco plants of different ploidies (2n = 2x = 24, 4x = 48, 6x = 72, and 8x = 96). As has been shown, the rate of cytomixis proportionally increases in 6x and 8x cytotypes, being rather similar in 2x and 4x plants. The rate of cytomixis is highly variable, differing even in the genetically identical plants grown under the same conditions. The cytological pattern of cytomixis in the microsporogenesis of control 4x plants has been compared with the corresponding patterns of 2x, 6x, and 8x plants. Involvement of cytomixis in production of unreduced gametes and stabilization of the newly formed hybrid and polyploidy genomes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Mursalimov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Yuri Sidorchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitri Demidov
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Armin Meister
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Elena Deineko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Kravets EA, Sidorchuk YV, Horyunova II, Plohovskaya SH, Mursalimov SR, Deineko EV, Yemets AI, Blume YB. Intra- and intertissular cytomictic interactions in the microsporogenesis of mono- and dicotyledonous plants. CYTOL GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452716050054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Kumar G, Chaudhary N. Induced cytomictic variations and syncyte formation during microsporogenesis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. CYTOL GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452716020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Sidorchuk YV, Novikovskaya AA, Deineko EV. Cytomixis in the cereal (Gramineae) microsporogenesis. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:291-8. [PMID: 25860793 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The specific features in behavior of the nuclei and chromatin migrating through cytomictic channels as well as in formation of micronuclei in the cereal microsporogenesis have been studied. Immunofluorescence microscopy has allowed for demonstration that the tubulin cytoskeleton does not play a significant role in the intercellular migration of nuclei. Potential involvement of the actin cytoskeleton and SUN-KASH linker complexes in cytomixis is discussed. Comparative analysis of the published and own data suggests that the cytological patterns of cytomixis in monocots and dicots are conserved. As has been shown, each higher ploidy level in the polyploid series of the family Gramineae is accompanied by an increase in the rate of cytomixis independently of individual species. The results confirm the assumption on a correlation between the rate of cytomixis, ploidy level, and genome balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri V Sidorchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akad. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Anna A Novikovskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akad. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Elena V Deineko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akad. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Rani S, Sharma TR, Chahota RK. Morphometric and Cytological Analysis of Different Cytotypes of Dioscorea deltoidea Wall., 1850 (Dioscoreaceae) from North-Western Indian Himalayas. CYTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.81.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Savita Rani
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University
| | - Rakesh Kumar Chahota
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University
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Rani S, Chahota RK, Sharma TR. Cytomixis and Associated Meiotic Abnormalities during Male Meiosis in Angelica glauca Edgew. (Apiaceae) from North-Western Himalayas. CYTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.81.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kumari K, Saggoo MIS. Analysis of Meiotic Behavior in <i>Eremurus himalaicus</i> Baker (Liliaceae): A Rare Endemic Perennial from Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India. CYTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.81.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Buckseth T, Saggoo MIS. Meiotic Aberrations Underlying Pollen Sterility in Cultivated Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.). CYTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.81.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Kumar P, Singhal VK. Morphological and Ecological Adaptations, and Cytological Studies in Astragalus rhizanthus Royle ex Benth. (Papilionaceae), an Endemic to Himalayas. CYTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.81.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Kumar
- Botanical Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre
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22
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Mursalimov S, Sidorchuk Y, Baiborodin S, Deineko E. Distribution of telomeres in the tobacco meiotic nuclei during cytomixis. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:491-5. [PMID: 25492305 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cytomixis is the migration of nuclei from one cell to another in higher plants, most frequently observable during microsporogenesis, which has a potential evolutionary significance. Currently, a major challenge is to label the chromatin migrating between cells to clarify its further fate. We have for the first time succeeded in visualizing the telomeric chromatin regions in the nuclei migrating between cells using fluorescent in situ hybridization. It has been shown that the telomeric signals in tobacco microsporocytes are randomly distributed in migrating nuclei without any deviations from their normal meiotic dynamics. According to our data, the chromatin migrating during cytomixis always contains telomeres and the telomeric signals are retained in the micronuclei formed after cytomixis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Mursalimov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
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Barton DA, Cantrill LC, Law AMK, Phillips CG, Sutton BG, Overall RL. Chilling to zero degrees disrupts pollen formation but not meiotic microtubule arrays in Triticum aestivum L. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:2781-94. [PMID: 24762030 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the wheat-growing regions of Australia, chilling temperatures below 2 °C occur periodically on consecutive nights during the period of floral development in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this study, wheat plants showed significant reductions in fertility when exposed to prolonged chilling temperatures in controlled environment experiments. Among the cultivars tested, the Australian cultivars Kite and Hartog had among the lowest levels of seed set due to chilling and their responses were investigated further. The developmental stage at exposure, the chilling temperature and length of exposure all influenced the level of sterility. The early period of booting, and specifically the +4 cm auricle distance class, was the most sensitive and corresponded to meiosis within the anthers. The response of microtubules to chilling during meiosis in Hartog was monitored, but there was little difference between chilled and control plants. Other abnormalities, such as plasmolysis and cytomixis increased in frequency, were associated with death of developing pollen cells, and could contribute to loss of fertility. The potential for an above-zero chilling sensitivity in Australian spring wheat varieties could have implications for exploring the tolerance of wheat flower development to chilling and freezing conditions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Barton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Macleay Building, A12, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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Farooq U, Saggoo MIS. Cytomorphological investigations in Oxyria digyna Hill. from the Kashmir Himalaya, India. CYTOL GENET+ 2014. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452714010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rana PK, Kumar P, Singhal VK. Cytomixis and Associated Abnormalities during Male Meiosis in Lindelofia longiflora var. falconeri (Boraginaceae). CYTOLOGIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.79.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kaur M, Singhal VK. First Report of Cytomixis and Meiotic Abnormalities in Nepeta govaniana from Solang Valley, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh. CYTOLOGIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.79.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kaur H, Mubarik N, Kumari S, Gupta RC. Meiotic Studies in Some Species of Pennisetum Pers. (Poaceae) from the Western Himalayas. CYTOLOGIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.79.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mandal A, Datta AK, Gupta S, Paul R, Saha A, Ghosh BK, Bhattacharya A, Iqbal M. Cytomixis--a unique phenomenon in animal and plant. PROTOPLASMA 2013; 250:985-996. [PMID: 23475075 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-013-0493-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cytomixis is reported to be a uniform phenomenon in the context of fertilization during spermatogenesis of animals and in some lower groups of plants where oogamous reproduction prevails. However, the phenomenon is versatile in flowering taxa as it lacks uniformity in occurrences, causes, formation of intercellular bridges, involvement of number of cells in a cluster, evolutionary significance among others. A review on cytomixis is conducted with an objective that it may offer a scope to unravel some of the ambiguities associated with it and provide further information on cell, reproductive, structural and evolutionary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aninda Mandal
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India
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Mursalimov SR, Sidorchuk YV, Deineko EV. New insights into cytomixis: specific cellular features and prevalence in higher plants. PLANTA 2013; 238:415-423. [PMID: 23775439 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-1914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of intercellular migration of nuclei in plant tissues (cytomixis) was discovered over a century ago, which has been followed by numerous attempts to clarify the essence of this process as well as to determine its causes and consequences. Most attention of researchers has been paid to cytomixis in microsporogenesis, since the transfer of part of genetic material between microsporocytes may influence the ploidy level of the produced pollen and, presumably, have an evolutionary significance. This review compiles the data on cytological pattern of cytomixis and proposes a scheme as to how cytomictic channels are formed and function in angiosperms. The prevalence of cytomixis in different plant taxa is analyzed using the published data. The causes, mechanisms, and consequences of the nuclear migration between cells in plant tissues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey R Mursalimov
- Laboratory of Plant Bioengineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
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Mandal GD, Nandi AK, Das AB. Cytomixis and Associated Meiotic Abnormalities in Pollen Mother Cells of Chlorophytum tuberosum (Roxb.) Baker. CYTOLOGIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.78.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Dev Mandal
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University
| | - Asis Kumar Nandi
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University
| | - Anath Bandhu Das
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
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Kaur D, Kumar P, Singhal VK. Chromosome Counts and Cytomixis in Two Species of <i>Trigonella</i> L. CYTOLOGIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.78.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu Y, Hui RK, Deng RN, Wang JJ, Wang M, Li ZY. Abnormal male meiosis explains pollen sterility in the polyploid medicinal plant Pinellia ternata (Araceae). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:112-20. [PMID: 22290471 DOI: 10.4238/2012.january.17.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pinellia ternata is an important traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Its different populations in China have various ploidy levels, based on x = 13, as well as extensive aneuploid series. The microsporogenesis process was observed in specimens from three populations from three regions of Hubei Province; they were characterized by normal and abnormal meiotic divisions in pollen mother cells (PMCs) at all stages simultaneously. Meiotic abnormalities including univalents/multivalents, chromosomal laggards/bridges and micronuclei appeared in about 50% of the PMCs, together with abnormal cytokinesis. Chromatin/chromosome transfer between meiocytes occurred only during the first division, at low frequency; this might contribute to these meiotic abnormalities. Although the remaining 50% of the PMCs presented normal cytological behavior, pollen fertility was only about 2%. These results provide cytological explanations for its low seed-set and the general use of asexual reproduction through tubers and bulbils; it also explains the wide variations in chromosome number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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Guan JZ, Wang JJ, Cheng ZH, Liu Y, Li ZY. Cytomixis and meiotic abnormalities during microsporogenesis are responsible for male sterility and chromosome variations in Houttuynia cordata. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:121-30. [DOI: 10.4238/2012.january.17.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kaur D, Singhal VK. Phenomenon of Cytomixis and Intraspecific Polyploidy (2 x, 4 x) in Spergularia diandra (Guss.) Heldr. & Sart. in the Cold Desert Regions of Kinnaur District (Himachal Pradesh). CYTOLOGIA 2012. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.77.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mandal A, Datta AK. Inter- and Intra-Plant Variations in Cytomictic Behavior of Chromosomes in <i>Corchorus fascicularis</i> Lamk. (Tiliaceae). CYTOLOGIA 2012. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.77.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aninda Mandal
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Kalyani
| | - Animesh K. Datta
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Kalyani
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Mursalimov SR, Deineko EV. An ultrastructural study of cytomixis in tobacco pollen mother cells. PROTOPLASMA 2011; 248:717-24. [PMID: 21286765 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-010-0234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular chromatin migration (cytomixis) in the pollen mother cells of two tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) lines was analyzed by electron microscopy during the first meiotic prophase. The maximal manifestation of cytomixis was observed in the pachytene. As a rule, several cells connected with one another by cytomictic channels wherein the nuclei migrated were observable at this stage. In the majority of cases, nuclei passed from cell to cell concurrently through several closely located cytomictic channels. Chromatin migrated between cells within the nuclear envelope, and its disintegration was unobservable. The nucleus, after passing through cytomictic channels into another cell, can be divided into individual micronuclei or, in the case of a direct contact with another nucleus, can form a nuclear bridge. It has been demonstrated that the chromatin structure after intracellular migration visually matches the chromatin structure before it passed through the cytomictic channel. No signs of pyknosis were observable in the chromatin of the micronuclei formed after cytomixis, and the synaptonemal complex was distinctly seen. The dynamics of changes in the nucleoli during cytomixis was for the first time monitored on an ultrastructural level. Possible mechanisms determining cytomixis are discussed and the significance of this process in plant development is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey R Mursalimov
- Laboratory of Plant Bioengineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
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Kumar P, Singhal VK. Male meiosis, morphometric analysis and distribution pattern of 2× and 4× cytotypes of Ranunculus hirtellus Royle, 1834 (Ranunculaceae) from the cold regions of northwest Himalayas (India). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2011; 5:143-61. [PMID: 24260626 PMCID: PMC3833778 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v5i3.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the chromosome number, detailed male meiosis, microsporogenesis, pollen fertility and morphological features and distribution of 2× and 4× cytotypes of Ranunculus hirtellus Royle, 1834. The majority of the populations scored now from cold regions of the northwest Himalayas showed tetraploid (n=16) meiotic chromosome count and one of the populations studied from the Manimahesh hills existed at diploid level (n=8). The individuals of diploid cytotype exhibited perfectly normal meiotic course resulting in 100% pollen fertility and pollen grains of uniform sizes. On the other hand, the plants of the tetraploid cytotype from all the populations in spite of showing normal bivalent formation and equal distribution to the opposite poles at anaphases showed various meiotic abnormalities. The most prominent among these meiotic abnormalities was the cytomixis which involved inter PMC (pollen mother cell) chromatin material transfer at different stages of meiosis-I. The phenomenon of cytomixis induced various meiotic abnormalities which include chromatin stickiness, pycnotic chromatin, laggards and chromatin bridges, out of plate bivalents at metaphase-I, disoriented chromatin material at anaphase/telophase and micronuclei. Consequently, these populations exhibited varying percentages of pollen sterility (24 - 77 %) and pollen grains of heterogeneous sizes. Analysis of various morphometric features including the stomata in 2× and 4× cytotypes showed that increase in ploidy level in the species is correlated with gigantism of vegetative and floral characters and the two cytotypes can be distinguished from each other on the basis of morphological characters. The distribution patterns of the 2× and 4× cytotypes now detected and 2×, 3×, 4× cytotypes detected earlier by workers from other regions of the Indian Himalayas have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Kumar
- />Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala -147 002, Punjab, India
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Srivastava P, Kumar G. EMS-induced cytomictic variability in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). CYTOL GENET+ 2011. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452711040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Talianova M, Janousek B. What can we learn from tobacco and other Solanaceae about horizontal DNA transfer? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2011; 98:1231-42. [PMID: 21795732 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic organisms, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is regarded as an important though infrequent source of reticulate evolution. Many confirmed instances of natural HGT involving multicellular eukaryotes come from flowering plants. This review intends to provide a synthesis of present knowledge regarding HGT in higher plants, with an emphasis on tobacco and other species in the Solanaceae family because there are numerous detailed reports concerning natural HGT events, involving various donors, in this family. Moreover, in-depth experimental studies using transgenic tobacco are of great importance for understanding this process. Valuable insights are offered concerning the mechanisms of HGT, the adaptive role and regulation of natural transgenes, and new routes for gene trafficking. With an increasing amount of data on HGT, a synthetic view is beginning to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Talianova
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics AS CR, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Pécrix Y, Rallo G, Folzer H, Cigna M, Gudin S, Le Bris M. Polyploidization mechanisms: temperature environment can induce diploid gamete formation in Rosa sp. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:3587-97. [PMID: 21398431 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidy is an important evolutionary phenomenon but the mechanisms by which polyploidy arises still remain underexplored. There may be an environmental component to polyploidization. This study aimed to clarify how temperature may promote diploid gamete formation considered an essential element for sexual polyploidization. First of all, a detailed cytological analysis of microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis was performed to target precisely the key developmental stages which are the most sensitive to temperature. Then, heat-induced modifications in sporad and pollen characteristics were analysed through an exposition of high temperature gradient. Rosa plants are sensitive to high temperatures with a developmental sensitivity window limited to meiosis. Moreover, the range of efficient temperatures is actually narrow. 36 °C at early meiosis led to a decrease in pollen viability, pollen ectexine defects but especially the appearance of numerous diploid pollen grains. They resulted from dyads or triads mainly formed following heat-induced spindle misorientations in telophase II. A high temperature environment has the potential to increase gamete ploidy level. The high frequencies of diplogametes obtained at some extreme temperatures support the hypothesis that polyploidization events could have occurred in adverse conditions and suggest polyploidization facilitating in a global change context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Pécrix
- Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie UMR CNRS 6116, Université Paul Cézanne Aix-Marseille III, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, F-13397 Marseille, France
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Saggoo MIS, Gill A, Walia S. Cytomixis during Microsporogenesis in Some Populations of Croton bonplandianum of North India. CYTOLOGIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.76.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Singhal VK, Kaur D. Cytomixis Induced Meiotic Irregularities and Pollen Malformation in Clematis graveolens Lindley from the Cold Deserts of Kinnaur District of Himachal Pradesh (India). CYTOLOGIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.76.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Saggoo MIS, Farooq U, Lovleen. Meiotic Studies in Sarcococca Species (Buxaceae) from Western Himalayas. CYTOLOGIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.76.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lovleen
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University
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Mursalimov SR, Baiborodin SI, Sidorchuk YV, Shumny VK, Deineko EV. Characteristics of the cytomictic channel formation in Nicotiana tabacum L. pollen mother cells. CYTOL GENET+ 2010. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452710010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Malik RA, Gupta RC, Kumari S. Genetic Diversity in Different Populations of Artemisia absinthium Linn. from Kashmir Himalaya. CYTOLOGIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.75.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. C. Gupta
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Punjabi University
| | - Santosh Kumari
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Punjabi University
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Impact of cytomixis on meiosis, pollen viability and pollen size in wild populations of Himalayan poppy (Meconopsis aculeata Royle). J Biosci 2008; 33:371-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-008-0057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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