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Kaur M, Sharma S. Influence of selenite and selenate on growth, leaf physiology and antioxidant defense system in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5700-5710. [PMID: 29736998 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) induced oxidative stress as well as synthesis of non-specific selenoproteins has been attributed to its toxicity in plants. Selenium toxicity can affect growth, chlorophyll and protein synthesis and crop yield. This study reveals the effects of different sources (sodium selenite and sodium selenate) and levels (2 and 4 mg Se kg-1 soil) of Se on its uptake, leaf physiology, antioxidant defense system, isoenzymic patterns and mitochondrial activity in wheat cultivar PBW621 at tillering and ear-initiation stages. RESULTS Higher Se accumulation in leaves of wheat plants was observed in selenate than control and selenite treatments. Selenium tolerance index, chlorophyll, photosynthetic efficiency, mitochondrial reduction test, electron transport system activity, lipid peroxidation, proline and glutathione in Se-treated wheat plants decreased significantly as compared to control. Significant increase in hydrogen peroxide and activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase in leaves was due to the presence of Se-induced oxidative stress in wheat plants. CONCLUSION Wheat cultivar PBW621 could adapt to applied selenite concentrations by developing antioxidant defense system but selenate treated plants could exhibit toxicity tolerance up to 2 mg kg-1 and died at high concentrations due to damage to tissue development and function. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sucheta Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Pluchino LA, Liu AKY, Wang HCR. Reactive oxygen species-mediated breast cell carcinogenesis enhanced by multiple carcinogens and intervened by dietary ergosterol and mimosine. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 80:12-26. [PMID: 25535943 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Most breast cancers occur sporadically due to long-term exposure to low-dose carcinogens in the diet and the environment. Specifically, smoke, polluted air, and high-temperature cooked meats comprise multiple carcinogens, such as 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P), and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). We sought to determine if these carcinogens act together to induce breast cell carcinogenesis, and if so, whether noncytotoxic dietary agents could intervene. We demonstrated that coexposure to physiologically achievable doses of NNK, B[α]P, and PhIP (NBP) holistically enhanced initiation and progression of breast cell carcinogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the ERK pathway were transiently induced by NBP in each exposure, and cross talk between reinforced ROS elevation and ERK activation played an essential role in increased DNA oxidation and damage. After cumulative exposures to NBP, this cross talk contributed to enhanced initiation of cellular carcinogenesis and led to enhanced acquisition of cancer-associated properties. Using NBP-induced transient changes, such as ROS elevation and ERK pathway activation, and cancer-associated properties as targeted endpoints, we revealed, for the first time, that two less-studied dietary compounds, ergosterol and mimosine, at physiologically achievable noncytotoxic levels, were highly effective in intervention of NBP-induced cellular carcinogenesis. Combined ergosterol and mimosine were more effective than individual agents in blocking NBP-induced transient endpoints, including ROS-mediated DNA oxidation, which accounted for their preventive ability to suppress progression of NBP-induced cellular carcinogenesis. Thus, dietary components, such as mushrooms containing ergosterol and legumes containing mimosine, should be considered for affordable prevention of sporadic breast cancer associated with long-term exposure to environmental and dietary carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenora Ann Pluchino
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Amethyst Kar-Yin Liu
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Hwa-Chain Robert Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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Lalitha K, Kulothungan SR. Mimosine mitigates oxidative stress in selenium deficient seedlings of Vigna radiata. Part II: mitochondrial uptake of 75selenium and mimosine. Biol Trace Elem Res 2007; 118:269-86. [PMID: 17916931 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-007-0032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
During the growth of selenium (Se)-deficient seedlings of Vigna radiata, exposure to mimosine [2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1H-pyridin-1-yl)-propanoic acid], a nonprotein plant amino acid, effectively mitigated stress at 0.1 mM, as reflected in enhancement of growth and efficiency of mitochondrial functions. Since the changes in the seedlings elicited by exposure to mimosine were similar to those effected by Se at an optimal exposure level of 0.75 ppm (Sreekala et al., Biol Trace Elem Res 70:193-207, 1999), the uptake of Se and that of mimosine itself was individually studied in the respiring mitochondria of Se-deficient seedlings (-Se-stressed group) in comparison with those exposed to mimosine during growth at 0.1 mM (Mim 0.1 group). In both groups, the mitochondrial uptake of (75)Se at 10 microM added Na(2)(75)SeO(3), increased linearly up to 2 min, attaining steady-state levels thereafter. Uptake levels were 2.3-fold higher in the Mim 0.1 group than in the -Se-stressed group. Double-reciprocal plots of mitochondrial (75)Se uptake against 2-20 microM Na(2)(75)SeO(3) in the medium were nonlinear and negative cooperative effects during the uptake were confirmed by Scatchard plots, whereas Hill coefficients were 0.8 and 0.85 for the two groups. Mitochondrial uptake of mimosine, at added levels of 25 or 50 microM, increased linearly up to 1 min and decelerated thereafter. Initial uptake levels of mimosine at 1 min were higher by 6.5-fold at 25 microM and 4-fold at 50 microM in the Mim 0.1 group than those in the -Se-stressed group. Initial uptake levels with added mimosine up to 50 or 100 microM yielded nonlinear double-reciprocal plots; and kinetic analyses at 5 to 50 microM revealed the prevalence of positive cooperativity in the -Se-stressed group and negative cooperativity in the Mim 0.1 group. Involvement of active thiol groups in the uptake of both Se and mimosine were indicated by inhibition studies. Evidence presented for mimosine mediated increase in mitochondrial Se uptake and cooperative interactions thereof underscores the metabolic significance of mimosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lalitha
- Departments of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
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Lalitha K, Kulothungan SR. Mimosine mitigates oxidative stress in selenium deficient seedlings of Vigna radiata--Part I: Restoration of mitochondrial function. Biol Trace Elem Res 2007; 118:84-96. [PMID: 17848734 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-007-0013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2006] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mimosine, a non-protein plant amino acid found in Mimosa pudica and certain species of Leucaena, was beneficial for the growth of seedlings of Vigna radiata germinated under selenium-deficient stressed condition (-Se stressed) despite the recognized toxicity of the allelochemical. Exposure of mimosine at 0.1 mM (Mim-0.1) promoted the growth of the seedlings and significantly enhanced mitochondrial functional efficiency. Growth-related parameters including root and shoot lengths and dry weight were increased by 44-58% in the Mim-0.1 group compared to that of the -Se-stressed group. Oxygen uptake by mitochondria of Mim-0.1 group, studied with different substrates, revealed enhanced State 3 respiratory rates with regulated State 4 rates, resulting in high respiratory control ratio (RCR) of 3.4 to 3.9 indicative of a high degree of oxidative coupling. Specific activities of mitochondrial electron transport enzymes, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form) (NADH)-cytochrome (cyt) c oxidoreductase, succinate dehydrogenase, and cyt c oxidase in the Mim-0.1 group were enhanced by 53% to threefold over those of the Se-stressed group. Marked decreases in the extent of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation ensued upon mimosine exposure, indicative of its antioxidant function. Mitochondrial 45Ca2+ uptake was notably augmented twofold in the Mim-0.1 group, compared to the Se-stressed group. Detailed kinetic analyses of Ca2+ uptake revealed positive cooperative interactions in both -Se-stressed group and Mim-0.1 groups with Hill coefficient (nH) values of 1.7 and 2, respectively. The present study establishes the beneficial effects of mimosine exposure at 0.1 mM on the growth and mitochondrial function of the seedlings grown under selenium-deficient stressed condition and a significant physiological role can be ascribed to mimosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lalitha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India.
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Gomes-Junior RA, Gratão PL, Gaziola SA, Mazzafera P, Lea PJ, Azevedo RA. Selenium-induced oxidative stress in coffee cell suspension cultures. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2007; 34:449-456. [PMID: 32689372 DOI: 10.1071/fp07010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans and animals that is required for key antioxidant reactions, but can be toxic at high concentrations. We have investigated the effect of Se in the form of selenite on coffee cell suspension cultures over a 12-day period. The antioxidant defence systems were induced in coffee cells grown in the presence of 0.05 and 0.5 mm sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). Lipid peroxidation and alterations in antioxidant enzymes were the main responses observed, including a severe reduction in ascorbate peroxidase activity, even at 0.05 mm sodium selenite. Ten superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzymes were detected and the two major Mn-SOD isoenzymes (bands V and VI) responded more to 0.05 mm selenite. SOD band V exhibited a general decrease in activity after 12 h of treatment with 0.05 mm selenite, whereas band VI exhibited the opposite behavior and increased in activity. An extra isoenzyme of glutathione reductase (GR) was induced in the presence of selenite, which confirmed our previous results obtained with Cd and Ni indicating that this GR isoenzyme may have the potential to be a marker for oxidative stress in coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui A Gomes-Junior
- Centro de Estudos Superiores de Balsas, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, 65800-000, Balsas, MA, Brazil
| | - Priscila L Gratão
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Salete A Gaziola
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Mazzafera
- Departamento de Fisiologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, CP 6109, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Peter J Lea
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Ricardo A Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Germ M, Stibilj V, Osvald J, Kreft I. Effect of selenium foliar application on chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:795-8. [PMID: 17263476 DOI: 10.1021/jf0629888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Leaves of young chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) plants were sprayed with selenate (1 mg SeVI/L) to establish the distribution of added selenium (Se) in the heads. Its concentration was analyzed in the outer, intermediate, and innermost leaves of chicory heads. The concentration of Se was about double (43-46 ng Se g-1 DM) that in the control (21-24 ng Se g-1 DM), indicating that the applied Se was transported from the sprayed leaves to the heads. In cv. Monivip, Se concentration was even throughout the head, but in cv. Anivip, the innermost leaves had a lower concentration of Se. No visual symptoms of Se toxicity appeared on the plants, and the quantum yield of photosystem II showed no indication that Se spraying could be harmful for energy conversion. Se increased the respiratory potential in young plants but not in plants at harvest time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Germ
- National Institute of Biology, Vecna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Germ M, Kreft I, Stibilj V, Urbanc-Bercic O. Combined effects of selenium and drought on photosynthesis and mitochondrial respiration in potato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2007; 45:162-7. [PMID: 17344059 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2007.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2006] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The possible effects of selenium (Se) foliar spraying and drought were studied for 3 months in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar Desiree in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Four combinations of treatments were conducted: well-watered plants with and without Se foliar spraying, and drought exposed plants with and without Se foliar spraying. The following parameters were monitored 2 and 4 weeks after treatments: net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII), and respiratory potential measured by electron transport system activity. After 3 months of treatments, leaf water potential and tuber yield were determined. The content of Se in tubers was measured after harvesting time. Several effects of drought and Se foliar spraying and their combinations were found. Net photosynthesis and respiratory potential were lower in drought exposed plants 4 weeks after treatments. Se induced higher respiratory potential in the leaves 4 weeks after treatments. Higher efficiency of energy conversion in PSII, expressed by a higher effective quantum yield, was observed in Se treated plants 2 weeks after treatments. Foliarly applied Se was efficiently absorbed by plant leaves and transported to the tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Germ
- National Institute of Biology, Vecna pot 111, SI-1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Gratão PL, Polle A, Lea PJ, Azevedo RA. Making the life of heavy metal-stressed plants a little easier. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2005; 32:481-494. [PMID: 32689149 DOI: 10.1071/fp05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2005] [Accepted: 04/28/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of soils and water with metals has created a major environmental problem, leading to considerable losses in plant productivity and hazardous health effects. Exposure to toxic metals can intensify the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are continuously produced in both unstressed and stressed plants cells. Some of the ROS species are highly toxic and must be detoxified by cellular stress responses, if the plant is to survive and grow. The aim of this review is to assess the mode of action and role of antioxidants in protecting plants from stress caused by the presence of heavy metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila L Gratão
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13418-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forstbotanisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter J Lea
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo A Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13418-900, SP, Brazil
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