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Lertcanawanichakul M, Sahabuddeen T. Characterization of Streptomyces sp. KB1 and its cultural optimization for bioactive compounds production. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14909. [PMID: 36860769 PMCID: PMC9969850 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bioactive compounds (BCs) from natural resources have been extensively studied because of their use as models in the development of novel and important medical and biopreservative agents. One important source of BCs is microorganisms, particularly terrestrial bacteria of the order Actinomycetales. Methods We characterized Streptomyces sp. KB1 by observing its morphology, physiology, and growth on different media using biochemical tests, optimizing cultural conditions by changing one independent variable at a time. Results Streptomyces sp. KB1 (TISTR 2304) is a gram-positive and long filamentous bacteria that forms straight to flexuous (rectiflexibile) chains of globose-shaped and smooth-surfaced spores. It can grow under aerobic condition s only at a temperature range of 25-37 °C and initial pH range of 5-10 in the presence of sodium chloride 4% (w/v). Therefore, it is considered an obligate aerobe, mesophilic, neutralophilic, and moderately halophilic bacteria. The isolate grew well on peptone-yeast extract iron, Luria Bertani (LB), and a half-formula of LB (LB/2), but could not grow on MacConkey agar. It utilized fructose, mannose, glucose, and lactose as its carbon source along with acid production and showed positive reactions to casein hydrolysis, gelatin liquefaction, nitrate reduction, urease, and catalase production. Streptomyces sp. KB1 (TISTR 2304) could produce the maximum number of BCs when 1% of its starter was cultivated in a 1,000 ml baffled flask containing 200 ml of LB/2 broth with its initial pH adjusted to 7 with no supplemental carbon source, nitrogen source, NaCl, or trace element at 30 °C, shaken at 200 rpm in an incubator for 4 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monthon Lertcanawanichakul
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Thasala, Thaiburi, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand,Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Tuanhawanti Sahabuddeen
- Research Unit of Natural Product Utilization, Walialk University, Thaiburi, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Application of a Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network for the Prediction and Optimization of the Andrographolide Content in Andrographis paniculata. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092765. [PMID: 35566116 PMCID: PMC9105688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide, the principal secondary metabolite of Andrographis paniculata, displays a wide spectrum of medicinal activities. The content of andrographolide varies significantly in the species collected from different geographical regions. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the role of different abiotic factors and selecting suitable sites for the cultivation of A. paniculata with high andrographolide content using a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) approach. A total of 150 accessions of A. paniculata collected from different regions of Odisha and West Bengal in eastern India showed a variation in andrographolide content in the range of 0.28–5.45% on a dry weight basis. The MLP-ANN was trained using climatic factors and soil nutrients as the input layer and the andrographolide content as the output layer. The best topological ANN architecture, consisting of 14 input neurons, 12 hidden neurons, and 1 output neuron, could predict the andrographolide content with 90% accuracy. The developed ANN model showed good predictive performance with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9716 and a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.18. The global sensitivity analysis revealed nitrogen followed by phosphorus and potassium as the predominant input variables influencing the andrographolide content. The andrographolide content could be increased from 3.38% to 4.90% by optimizing these sensitive factors. The result showed that the ANN approach is reliable for the prediction of suitable sites for the optimum andrographolide yield in A. paniculata.
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El-Sayyad GS, Mosallam FM, El-Sayed SS, El-Batal AI. Facile Biosynthesis of Tellurium Dioxide Nanoparticles by Streptomyces cyaneus Melanin Pigment and Gamma Radiation for Repressing Some Aspergillus Pathogens and Bacterial Wound Cultures. J CLUST SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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El-Batal AI, El-Sayyad GS, El-Ghamry A, Agaypi KM, Elsayed MA, Gobara M. Melanin-gamma rays assistants for bismuth oxide nanoparticles synthesis at room temperature for enhancing antimicrobial, and photocatalytic activity. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 173:120-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Fiedurek J, Trytek M, Szczodrak J. Strain improvement of industrially important microorganisms based on resistance to toxic metabolites and abiotic stress. J Basic Microbiol 2017; 57:445-459. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Fiedurek
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Mariusz Trytek
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Janusz Szczodrak
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
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Alkaliphilic Bacteria and Thermophilic Actinomycetes as New Sources of Antimicrobial Compounds. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/b19347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Wetzel K, Cao J, Kothe E, Köhler JM. Changing growth behavior of heavy-metal tolerant bacteria: Media optimization using droplet-based microfluidics. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wetzel
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies; Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University Ilmenau; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Jialan Cao
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies; Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University Ilmenau; Ilmenau Germany
| | - Erika Kothe
- Institute of Microbiology; Friedrich Schiller University; Jena Germany
| | - J. Michael Köhler
- Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies; Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University Ilmenau; Ilmenau Germany
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Do we need new antibiotics? The search for new targets and new compounds. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 37:1241-8. [PMID: 21086099 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds continues to increase. There are several possibilities for protection against pathogenic microorganisms, for instance, preparation of new vaccines against resistant bacterial strains, use of specific bacteriophages, and searching for new antibiotics. The antibiotic search includes: (1) looking for new antibiotics from nontraditional or less traditional sources, (2) sequencing microbial genomes with the aim of finding genes specifying biosynthesis of antibiotics, (3) analyzing DNA from the environment (metagenomics), (4) re-examining forgotten natural compounds and products of their transformations, and (5) investigating new antibiotic targets in pathogenic bacteria.
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Rios-Iribe EY, Flores-Cotera LB, Chávira MMG, González-Alatorre G, Escamilla-Silva EM. Inductive effect produced by a mixture of carbon source in the production of gibberellic acid by Gibberella fujikuroi. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 27:1499-505. [PMID: 25187149 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0603-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Gibberellic acid has been known since 1954 but its effect on rice still remains very important in the agricultural world. Gibberellic acid (GA3) is the main secondary metabolite produced by the Gibberella fujikuroi fungus. This hormone is of great importance in agriculture and the brewing industry, due to its fast and strong effects at low concentrations (μg) on the processes of growth stimulation, flowering, stem elongation, and germination of seeds, among others. Plant promoters of growth production such as the gibberellins, especially the GA3 are a priority in obtaining better harvests in the agricultural area and by extension, improving the food industry. Three routes to obtaining GA3 have been reported: extraction from plants, chemical synthesis and microbial fermentation. The latter being the most common method used to produce GA3. In this investigation, glucose-corn oil mixture was used as a carbon source on the basis of 40 g of carbon in a 7 L stirred tank bioreactor. A pH of 3.5, 29°C, 600 min(-1) agitation and 1 vvm aeration were maintained and controlled with a biocontroller connected to the bioreactor, throughout the entire culture time. The carbon source mixture affected the fermentation time as well as the production of the GAs. The production of 380 mg GA3L(-1) after 288 h of fermentation was obtained when the glucose-corn oil mixture was employed contrasting the 136 mg GA3L(-1) at 264 h of culture when only glucose was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Y Rios-Iribe
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Col. Las Campanas Apartado Postal 184, C.P. 76010, Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
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Smidák R, Jopcík M, Kralovicová M, Gajdosíková J, Kormanec J, Timko J, Turna J. Core promoters of the penicillin biosynthesis genes and quantitative RT-PCR analysis of these genes in high and low production strain of Penicillium chrysogenum. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2010; 55:126-32. [PMID: 20490754 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-010-0019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The transcription start points of the penicillin biosynthesis genes from Penicillium chrysogenum were mapped using the primer extension method. For each of the three genes consensus sequences of the core promoter elements were identified, supporting the notion that the basal transcription of these genes is mediated separately. Interestingly, transcription start of the pcbC gene is located within the potential Inr element with no TATA box-like sequence being found at expected position. This is in contrast to pcbAB and penDE genes with proposed TATA boxes or even to Aspergillus nidulans ipnA (pcbC) gene indicating possible differences in basal transcription regulation. Using the quantitative RT-PCR analysis the expression of all three biosynthesis genes was monitored in both the high and low production strain of P. chrysogenum during a 3-d cultivation under production conditions. The differences were found between the strains in time regulation and transcript levels of the biosynthesis genes. Furthermore, we showed that the effect of higher gene dosage on productivity in the production strain is amplified by more efficient transcription of the biosynthesis genes with the RNA levels approximately 37- and 12-times higher, respectively, than in a low production strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Smidák
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51, Bratislava 45, Slovak Republic.
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Tereshina VM, Memorskaya AS, Feofilova EP. Lipid composition of the mucoraceous fungus Blakeslea trispora under lycopene formation-stimulating conditions. Microbiology (Reading) 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261710010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Junker B, Walker A, Hesse M, Lester M, Vesey D, Christensen J, Burgess B, Connors N. Pilot-scale process development and scale up for antifungal production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2008; 32:443-58. [PMID: 18853195 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-008-0264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A pilot-scale fermentation was developed for an antifungal compound produced by a filamentous fungus. Replacement of galactose with lactose (20-fold cost savings) and a threefold phosphate reduction (15 to 5 g/L) improved productivity 2.5-fold. Addition of supplements--glycine, cobalt chloride, and trace elements--resulted in a further twofold productivity increase, greater process robustness, and less foaming which reduced antifoam addition tenfold (30 to <3 mL/L). Mid-cycle lactose limitations were addressed by raising initial lactose levels (40 to 120 g/L) resulting in another twofold productivity increase. Overall, peak titers increased tenfold from 45 +/- 9 to 448 +/- 39 mg/L, and productivities improved from 3 to 25 mg/L day. Despite its high productivity, process scale up was challenged by high broth viscosity (5,000-6,000 cP at 16.8 s(-1)). Gassed power requirements at the 600 L scale (4.7 kW/1,000 L) exceeded available power at the 15,000 L scale (3.0 kW/1,000 L), and broth transfer to the downstream isolation facility was hindered. Mid-cycle broth dilution with up to five 10 vol% additions of 12 wt% lactose solution or whole medium-reduced viscosity three- to fivefold (1,000-1,500 cP at 16.8 s(-1)), gassed power within scale-up limits (2.5 kW/1,000 L), and peak titer by up to 45%. The process was scaled up to the 15,000 L working volume based on constant aeration rate (vvm) and peak impeller tip speed, raising superficial velocities at similar shear. This strategy maximized mass transfer rates at target gassed power per unit volume levels, and along with controlled broth viscosity, precluded multiple dilution additions. A final titer of 333 mg/L with one dilution addition was achieved, somewhat lower than expected, likely owing to inhibition from some unmeasured volatile compound (not believed to be carbon dioxide) during an extended period of high back-pressure in the early production phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Junker
- Fermentation Development and Operations, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ, USA.
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Teodoro JC, Baptista-Neto A, Cruz-Hernández IL, Hokka CO, Badino AC. Influence of feeding conditions on clavulanic acid production in fed-batch cultivation with medium containing glycerol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 72:450-5. [PMID: 16395544 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-0273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2005] [Revised: 11/23/2005] [Accepted: 11/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
First, the effect of different levels of nitrogen source on clavulanic acid (CA) production was evaluated in batch cultivations utilizing complex culture medium containing glycerol and three different levels of soy protein isolate (SPI). Cellular growth, evaluated in terms of the rheological parameter K, was highest with a SPI concentration of 30 g.L(-1) (4.42 g.L(-1) N total). However, the highest production of CA (380 mg.L(-1)) was obtained when an intermediate concentration of 20 g.L(-1) of SPI (2.95 g.L(-1) total N) was used. To address this, the influences of volumetric flow rate (F) and glycerol concentration in the complex feed medium (Cs(F)) in fed-batch cultivations were investigated. The best experimental condition for CA production was F=0.01 L.h(-1) and Cs(F)=120 g.L(-1), and under these conditions maximum CA production was practically twice that obtained in the batch cultivation. A single empirical equation was proposed to relate maximum CA production with F and Cs(F) in fed-batch experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C Teodoro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Cx. Postal 676, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos SP, Brazil
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Vanĕk Z, Hostálek Z, Blumauerová M, Mikulík K, Podojil M, Bĕhal V, Jechová V. The biosynthesis of tetracycline. PURE APPL CHEM 1973; 34:463-86. [PMID: 4266909 DOI: 10.1351/pac197334030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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