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Awad MM, Chailapakul P, Brown MA, Kato TA. Mechanisms of piperonyl butoxide cytotoxicity and its enhancement with imidacloprid and metals in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mutat Res 2024; 828:111853. [PMID: 38401335 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2024.111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of chemicals and the presence of chemical and metal residues in various foods, beverages, and other consumables have raised concerns about the potential for enhanced toxicity. This study assessed the cytotoxic effects of Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and its enhancement by combination with major contamination chemicals including Imidacloprid and metals, using different cytotoxic and genotoxic assays in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. PBO exhibited elevated cytotoxic effects in poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) deficient CHO mutants but not in Glutathione S-transferase deficient CHO mutants. PBO cytotoxicity was enhanced by PARP inhibitor, Olaparib. PBO cytotoxicity was also enhanced with co-exposure to Imidacloprid, Lead Chloride, or Sodium Selenite. PBO induces γH2AX foci formation and apoptosis. The induction of DNA damage markers was elevated with PARP deficiency and co-exposure to Imidacloprid, Lead Chloride, or Sodium Selenite. Moreover, PBO triggers to form etch pits on plastic surfaces. These results revealed novel mechanisms of PBO cytotoxicity associated with PARP and synergistic effects with other environmental pollutants. The toxicological mechanisms underlying exposure to various combinations at different concentrations, including concentrations below the permitted limit of intake or the level of concern, require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Awad
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1052, USA; Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1052, USA
| | - Piyawan Chailapakul
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1052, USA
| | - Mark A Brown
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, and Epidemiology Section, Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1052, USA
| | - Takamitsu A Kato
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1052, USA.
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2
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Kikukawa Y, Kawazoe R, Miyahara R, Sakurada T, Nagata Y, Sasaki S, Taniguchi Y. Multiple-turnover single nucleotide primer extension reactions to detect 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5399-5402. [PMID: 35416217 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01372j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The identification of the position of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) in DNA is important to clarify the pathogenesis of many diseases. We herein developed a purine-1,3-diazaphenoxazine triphosphate (dPdapTP) and described the first example of detecting the presence of 8-oxo-dG by amplifying it several hundred times after the multiple-turnover single nucleotide primer extension reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Kikukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Ryoji Kawazoe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Ryo Miyahara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Takato Sakurada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Nagata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Sasaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch Machi, Sasebo, 859-3298, Japan
| | - Yosuke Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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3
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ANOX: A robust computational model for predicting the antioxidant proteins based on multiple features. Anal Biochem 2021; 631:114257. [PMID: 34043981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
As an indispensable component of various living organisms, the antioxidant proteins have been studied for anti-aging and prevention of various diseases, such as altitude sickness, coronary heart disease, and even cancer. However, the traditional experimental methods for identifying the antioxidant proteins are very expensive and time-consuming. Thus, to address the challenge, a new predictor, named ANOX, was developed in this study. Multiple features, such as frequency matrix features (FRE), amino acid and dipeptide composition (AADP), evolutionary difference formula features (EEDP), k-separated bigrams (KSB), and PSI-PRED secondary structure (PRED), were extracted to generate the original feature space. To find the optimized feature subset, the Max-Relevance-Max-Distance (MRMD) algorithm was implemented for feature ranking and our model received the best performance with the top 1170 features. Rigorous tests were performed to evaluate the performance of ANOX, and the results showed that ANOX achieved a major improvement in the prediction accuracy of the antioxidant proteins (AUC:0.930 and 0.935 using 5-fold cross-validation or the jackknife test) compared to the state-of-the-art predictor AOPs-SVM (AUC:0.869 and 0.885). The dataset used in this study and the source code of ANOX are all available at https://github.com/NWAFU-LiuLab/ANOX.
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Kankanamage RNT, Ghosh AB, Jiang D, Gkika K, Keyes T, Achola LA, Suib S, Rusling JF. Metabolites of Tobacco- and E-Cigarette-Related Nitrosamines Can Drive Cu 2+-Mediated DNA Oxidation. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2072-2086. [PMID: 32672941 PMCID: PMC7510339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitrosamine metabolites resulting from cigarette smoking and E-cigarette (E-cig) vaping cause DNA damage that can lead to genotoxicity. While DNA adducts of metabolites of nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) are well-known tobacco-related cancer biomarkers, only a few studies implicate NNN and NNK in DNA oxidation in humans. NNK and NNN were found in the urine of E-cigarette users who never smoked cigarettes. This paper proposes the first chemical pathways of DNA oxidation driven by NNK and NNN metabolites in redox reactions with Cu2+ and NADPH leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS). A microfluidic array with thin films of DNA and metabolic enzymes that make metabolites of NNN and NNK in the presence of Cu2+ and NADPH was used to estimate relative rates of DNA oxidation. Detection by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) employed a new ECL dye [Os(tpy-benz-COOH)2]2+ that is selective for and sensitive to the primary DNA oxidation product 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in DNA. Enzyme-DNA films on magnetic beads were used to produce nitrosamine metabolites that enter ROS-forming redox cycles with Cu2+ and NADPH, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to quantify 8-oxodG and identify metabolites. ROS were detected by optical sensors. Metabolites of NNK and NNN + Cu2+ + NADPH generated relatively high rates of DNA oxidation. Lung is the exposure route in smoking and vaping, human lung tissue contains Cu2+ and NADPH, and lung microsomal enzymes gave the highest rates of DNA oxidation in this study. Also, E-cigarette vapor contains 6-fold more copper than that in cigarette smoke, which could exacerbate DNA oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumasha N T Kankanamage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Abhisek Brata Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Di Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Karmel Gkika
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Tia Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Laura A Achola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Steven Suib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Institute of Material Science, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - James F Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Institute of Material Science, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Center, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, United States
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland at Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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5
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Post-transcriptional air pollution oxidation to the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway promotes pulmonary stress phenotypes. Commun Biol 2020; 3:392. [PMID: 32699268 PMCID: PMC7376215 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of environmentally-induced chemical changes in RNA has been fairly unexplored. Air pollution induces oxidative modifications such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) in RNAs of lung cells, which could be associated with premature lung dysfunction. We develop a method for 8-oxoG profiling using immunocapturing and RNA sequencing. We find 42 oxidized transcripts in bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells exposed to two air pollution mixtures that recreate urban atmospheres. We show that the FDFT1 transcript in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is susceptible to air pollution-induced oxidation. This process leads to decreased transcript and protein expression of FDFT1, and reduced cholesterol synthesis in cells exposed to air pollution. Knockdown of FDFT1 replicates alterations seen in air pollution exposure such as transformed cell size and suppressed cytoskeleton organization. Our results argue of a possible novel biomarker and of an unseen mechanism by which air pollution selectively modifies key metabolic-related transcripts facilitating cell phenotypes in bronchial dysfunction. Gonzales-Rivera et al. develop a method for 8-oxoG profiling using immunocapturing and RNA sequencing. They show that the FDFT1 transcript is susceptible to air pollution-induced oxidation, after identifying 42 transcripts that are differentially oxidized in bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells under air pollution conditions relative to clean air. FDFT1 oxidation affects cholesterol synthesis pathway, leading to phenotypes associated with several lung diseases.
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Kim SE, Memon A, Kim BY, Jeon H, Lee WK, Kang SC. Gastroprotective effect of phytoncide extract from Pinus koraiensis pinecone in Helicobacter pylori infection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9547. [PMID: 32533032 PMCID: PMC7293342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, herbs have been used by traditional therapists around the world to treat gastrointestinal tract disorders, such as gastritis. We hypothesized that the anti-Helicobacter pylori properties of phytoncide, which is extracted from pinecone waste, would facilitate use as a natural gastroprotective product to treat gastrointestinal tract disorders. Thus, we investigated in vitro antibacterial efficacy against H. pylori by agar diffusion assay. To determine the gastroprotective properties of phytoncide, we conducted hematoxylin and eosin staining, performed assays for the detection of the cytotoxin gene, and evaluated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in H. pylori-infected C57BL/6 mice. Phytoncide significantly inhibited the survival of H. pylori in the gastrointestinal system of C57BL/6 mice. Reduction of gastric severity in H. pylori-infected mice was associated with reductions in the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the gastric mucosa, and of the cytotoxin CagA gene in phytoncide treated groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). In conclusion, phytoncide significantly inhibited the growth of H. pylori in gastro tissue, possibly due to the abundant α-pinene present in the phytoncide as detected by HPLC analysis. Further studies are needed to validate our findings, but we suggest that phytoncide has the potential to be used as a natural ingredient in anti-H. pylori products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Eun Kim
- Research Institute, Phyrus Co., LTD., Danyang-gun, 27000, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.,Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Azra Memon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Bae Yong Kim
- Research Institute, Phyrus Co., LTD., Danyang-gun, 27000, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.,Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyelin Jeon
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Woon Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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7
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Pek E, Canbey Göret C, Hacıvelioğlu S, Adam G, Ünsal MA. The immunohistochemical and histologic effects of contrast medium on uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries, given during hysterosalpingography: rat study. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2020; 21:243-254. [PMID: 32500677 PMCID: PMC7726468 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2020.2019.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Previous studies have shown that damage occurs to internal genital tract during hysterosalpingography (HSG). The aim was to show that endometrial and tubal epithelium underwent free radical damage during HSG in an animal model. Material and Methods: Forty rats were evaluated in five different groups. Two groups received ionizing radiation (15-20 miliRad three times) only. Two further groups received ionizing radiation in combination with iohexol (1-2 mL). The remaining group served as control. Groups were evaluated after seven and forty-two days. Inflammation and cellular changes were evaluated histopathologically. Cellular activity of antioxidant enzymes was assessed immunohistochemically. Results: Inflammation, and cellular changes were detected at certain rates in all groups (p<0.001). Glutathione reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase activities were found to be increased after the HSG (p<0.001). Conclusion: It is obvious that the cell suffers acute and chronic damage during HSG due to both radioactivity and chemicals. Although there is a lot of research done before, there is no definitive method yet to protect against the harmful effects of iodinated contrast agents and ionizing radiation. So, new methods need to be explored to protect cells and tissues from reactive oxygen radical damage caused by HSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eren Pek
- Clinic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dinar State Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ceren Canbey Göret
- Clinic of Surgical Pathology, Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Servet Hacıvelioğlu
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Health Practice and Research Hospital, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Gürhan Adam
- Clinic of Radiology, Memorial Şişli Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mesut Abdülkerim Ünsal
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Health Practice and Research Hospital, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Kahl VFS, Dhillon VS, Simon D, da Silva FR, Salvador M, Branco CDS, Cappetta M, Martínez-López W, Thiesen FV, Dias JF, Souza CTD, Fenech M, da Silva J. Chronic occupational exposure endured by tobacco farmers from Brazil and association with DNA damage. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:119-128. [PMID: 29669110 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco farming is an important economic income in Brazil, although it has been challenged as regard the occupational exposure to both pesticides and nicotine endured by farmers. Chronic occupational exposure to complex mixtures can lead to health hazardous. We examined genomic instability and epigenetic changes in tobacco farmers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixtures and nicotine at tobacco fields. DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay in blood cells. Genomic DNA was isolated, and telomere length was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. We measured 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine, a marker of global DNA methylation, and p16 promoter methylation. The oxidative profile was evaluated by trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in serum. Exposure parameters, plasma cotinine and inorganic element levels, were also measured. DNA damage was significantly elevated for farmers in relation to unexposed group (P < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test) and positively associated with years of exposure. Inverse relationship between DNA damage and total equivalent antioxidant activity was demonstrated for exposed and unexposed groups. Exposed group showed significantly shorter telomeres (P < 0.001; unpaired t-test) and DNA hypomethylation (P < 0.001; unpaired t-test), as well as p16 hypermethylation (P = 0.003; Mann-Whitney test). Lipid peroxidation was increased for exposed group in relation to unexposed one (P = 0.02; Mann-Whitney test) and presented a positive correlation with global DNA methylation (P = 0.0264). Farmers have increased plasma cotinine levels (P < 0.001) and inorganic elements (phosphorus, sulphur and chlorine) in relation to unexposed group. Elevated oxidative stress levels due to chronic occupational pesticide mixtures and nicotine exposure in tobacco farmers were associated with higher DNA damage, shorter telomeres and altered DNA methylation. Telomere-accelerated attrition due to exposure may be potential intermediate step before a disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vívian F Silva Kahl
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, São José, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Varinderpal Singh Dhillon
- Health and Biosecurity Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Simon
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, São José, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rabaioli da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Impact Assessment, UniLaSalle, Av. Victor Barreto, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Rua Travessão Solferino, Cruzeiro, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cátia Dos Santos Branco
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Rua Travessão Solferino, Cruzeiro, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mónica Cappetta
- Laboratory of Genetic Epidemiology, Genetics Department, Medicine School, Universidad de la República, Av. General Flores, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Wilner Martínez-López
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Chromosome Patology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Av. Italia, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Flávia V Thiesen
- Toxicology Institute, Catholic Pontifice University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Johnny F Dias
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Physics Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Claudia Telles de Souza
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Physics Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biosecurity Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha, São José, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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9
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Jiang D, Malla S, Fu YJ, Choudhary D, Rusling JF. Direct LC-MS/MS Detection of Guanine Oxidations in Exon 7 of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12872-12879. [PMID: 29116749 PMCID: PMC5777150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of DNA by reactive oxygen species (ROS) yields 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxodG) as primary oxidation product, which can lead to downstream G to T transversion mutations. DNA mutations are nonrandom, and mutations at specific codons are associated with specific cancers, as widely documented for the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Here, we present the first direct LC-MS/MS study (without isotopic labeling or hydrolysis) of primary oxidation sites of p53 exon 7. We oxidized a 32 base pair (bp) double-stranded (ds) oligonucleotide representing exon 7 of the p53 gene. Oxidized oligonucleotides were cut by a restriction endonuclease to provide small strands and enable positions and amounts of 8-oxodG to be determined directly by LC-MS/MS. Oxidation sites on the oligonucleotide generated by two oxidants, catechol/Cu2+/NADPH and Fenton's reagent, were located and compared. Guanines in codons 243, 244, 245, and 248 were most frequently oxidized by catechol/Cu2+/NADPH with relative oxidation of 5.6, 7.2, 2.6, and 10.7%, respectively. Fenton's reagent oxidations were more specific for guanines in codons 243 (20.3%) and 248 (10.4%). Modeling of docking of oxidizing species on the ds-oligonucleotide were consistent with the experimental codon oxidation sites. Significantly, codons 244 and 248 are mutational "hotspots" in nonsmall cell and small cell lung cancers, supporting a possible role of oxidation in p53 mutations leading to lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Spundana Malla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - You-jun Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Dharamainder Choudhary
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Center, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, United States
| | - James F. Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Center, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, United States
- Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland at Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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10
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Lobanova A, She R, Pieraut S, Clapp C, Maximov A, Denchi EL. Different requirements of functional telomeres in neural stem cells and terminally differentiated neurons. Genes Dev 2017; 31:639-647. [PMID: 28428263 PMCID: PMC5411705 DOI: 10.1101/gad.295402.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, Lobanova et al. examine the roles of telomeres at distinct stages of murine brain development by using lineage-specific genetic ablation of TRF2, an essential component of the shelterin complex that protects chromosome ends from the DNA damage response machinery. These results suggest that telomeres are dispensable in terminally differentiated neurons and provide mechanistic insight into cognitive abnormalities associated with aberrant telomere length in humans. Telomeres have been studied extensively in peripheral tissues, but their relevance in the nervous system remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the roles of telomeres at distinct stages of murine brain development by using lineage-specific genetic ablation of TRF2, an essential component of the shelterin complex that protects chromosome ends from the DNA damage response machinery. We found that functional telomeres are required for embryonic and adult neurogenesis, but their uncapping has surprisingly no detectable consequences on terminally differentiated neurons. Conditional knockout of TRF2 in post-mitotic immature neurons had virtually no detectable effect on circuit assembly, neuronal gene expression, and the behavior of adult animals despite triggering massive end-to-end chromosome fusions across the brain. These results suggest that telomeres are dispensable in terminally differentiated neurons and provide mechanistic insight into cognitive abnormalities associated with aberrant telomere length in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Lobanova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Robert She
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Simon Pieraut
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Charlie Clapp
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Anton Maximov
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Eros Lazzerini Denchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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11
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Prasad A, Kikuchi H, Inoue KY, Suzuki M, Sugiura Y, Sugai T, Tomonori A, Tada M, Kobayashi M, Matsue T, Kasai S. Simultaneous Real-Time Monitoring of Oxygen Consumption and Hydrogen Peroxide Production in Cells Using Our Newly Developed Chip-Type Biosensor Device. Front Physiol 2016; 7:109. [PMID: 27065878 PMCID: PMC4810025 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
All living organisms bear its defense mechanism. Immune cells during invasion by foreign body undergoes phagocytosis during which monocyte and neutrophil produces reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS generated in animal cells are known to be involved in several diseases and ailments, when generated in excess. Therefore, if the ROS generated in cells can be measured and analyzed precisely, it can be employed in immune function evaluation and disease detection. The aim of the current study is to introduce our newly developed chip-type biosensor device with high specificity and sensitivity. It comprises of counter electrode and working electrodes I and II. The counter electrode is a platinum plate while the working electrodes I and II are platinum microelectrode and osmium-horseradish peroxidase modified gold electrode, respectively which acts as oxygen and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection sensors. Simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption and H2O2 generation were measured in animal cells under the effect of exogenous addition of differentiation inducer, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The results obtained showed considerable changes in reduction currents in the absence and presence of inducer. Our newly developed chip-type biosensor device is claimed to be a useful tool for real-time monitoring of the respiratory activity and precise detection of H2O2 in cells. It can thus be widely applied in biomedical research and in clinical trials being an advancement over other H2O2 detection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Prasad
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai, Japan
| | - Kumi Y Inoue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, School of Engineering, Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai, Japan
| | - Yamato Sugiura
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sugai
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai, Japan
| | - Amano Tomonori
- Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika Tada
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Tohoku Institute of TechnologySendai, Japan; Center for General Education, Tohoku Institute of TechnologySendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Tohoku Institute of TechnologySendai, Japan; Graduate Department of Electronics, Tohoku Institute of TechnologySendai, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, School of Engineering, Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kasai
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Tohoku Institute of TechnologySendai, Japan; Graduate Department of Environmental Information Engineering, Tohoku Institute of TechnologySendai, Japan
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12
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Li HL, Zhao PY, Lei Y, Hossain MM, Kang J, Kim IH. Dietary Phytoncide Supplementation Improved Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 29:1314-21. [PMID: 26954131 PMCID: PMC5003993 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We conducted this 10-wk experiment to evaluate the effects of dietary phytoncide, Korean pine extract as phytogenic feed additive (PFA), on growth performance, blood characteristics, and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of 160 pigs ([Landrace×Yorkshire]×Duroc, body weight (BW) = 58.2±1.0 kg) were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 treatments according to their BW and sex, 10 replicate pens per treatment with 4 pigs per pen were used (2 barrows and 2 gilts). Dietary treatments were: CON, control diet; PT2, CON+0.02% PFA; PT4, CON+0.04% PFA; PT6, CON+0.06% PFA. Overall, average daily gain (ADG) was higher in PT4 (p<0.05) than in PT6, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was lower in PT6 than in CON (p<0.05). Besides ADFI decreased linearly (p<0.05) with the increased level of phytoncide and gain:feed ratio in PT4 treatment was higher (p<0.05) than CON treatment. During 5 to 10 weeks and overall, quadratic (p<0.05) effect was observed in ADG among the treatments. At the end of this experiment, pigs fed with PT4 diet had a greater (p<0.05) red blood cell concentration compared to the pigs fed CON diet. Water holding capacity increased linearly (p<0.05) with the increased level of phytoncide supplementation. Moreover, firmness, redness, yellowness, and drip loss at day 3 decreased linearly (p<0.05) with the increase in the level of phytoncide supplementation. In conclusion, inclusion of phytoncide could enhance growth performance without any adverse effects on meat quality in finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lin Li
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Korea
| | - Pin Yao Zhao
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Korea
| | - Yan Lei
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Korea
| | - Md Manik Hossain
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Korea
| | | | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Korea
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13
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Derinat Protects Skin against Ultraviolet-B (UVB)-Induced Cellular Damage. Molecules 2015; 20:20297-311. [PMID: 26569211 PMCID: PMC6331914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UVB) is one of the most cytotoxic and mutagenic stresses that contribute to skin damage and aging through increasing intracellular Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Derinat (sodium deoxyribonucleate) has been utilized as an immunomodulator for the treatment of ROS-associated diseases in clinics. However, the molecular mechanism by which Derinat protects skin cells from UVB-induced damage is poorly understood. Here, we show that Derinat significantly attenuated UVB-induced intracellular ROS production and decreased DNA damage in primary skin cells. Furthermore, Derinat reduced intracellular ROS, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and DNA damage in the skin of the BALB/c-nu mice exposed to UVB for seven days in vivo. Importantly, Derinat blocked the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels (TRPCs), as demonstrated by calcium imaging. Together, our results indicate that Derinat acts as a TRPCs blocker to reduce intracellular ROS production and DNA damage upon UVB irradiation. This mechanism provides a potential new application of Derinat for the protection against UVB-induced skin damage and aging.
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14
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Taniguchi Y, Kikukawa Y, Sasaki S. Discrimination Between 8-Oxo-2′-Deoxyguanosine and 2′-Deoxyguanosine in DNA by the Single Nucleotide Primer Extension Reaction with Adap Triphosphate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201412086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Taniguchi Y, Kikukawa Y, Sasaki S. Discrimination between 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA by the single nucleotide primer extension reaction with adap triphosphate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5147-51. [PMID: 25727406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201412086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine derivative of 2-oxo-1,3-diazaphenoxazine (Adap) exhibits a superb ability to recognize and form base pairs with 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) in duplex DNA. In this study, the triphosphate of Adap (dAdapTP) was synthesized and tested for single nucleotide incorporation into primer strands using the Klenow Fragment. The efficiency of dAdapTP incorporation into 8-oxo-dG-containing templates was more than 36-fold higher than with dG-containing templates, and provides better discrimination than does the incorporation of natural 2'-deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP). The selective incorporation of dAdapTP into 8-oxo-dG templates was therefore applied to the detection of 8-oxo-dG in human telomeric DNA sequences extracted from H2 O2 -treated HeLa cells. The enzymatic incorporation of dAdapTP into 8-oxo-dG-containing templates may provide a novel basis for sequencing oxidative DNA damage in the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582 (Japan).
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Urushibara A, Kodama S, Yokoya A. Induction of genetic instability by transfer of a UV-A-irradiated chromosome. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 766:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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17
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Song B, Pan S, Tang C, Li D, Rusling JF. Voltammetric microwell array for oxidized guanosine in intact ds-DNA. Anal Chem 2013; 85:11061-7. [PMID: 24164630 PMCID: PMC3856883 DOI: 10.1021/ac402736q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress in humans causes damage to biomolecules by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). DNA can be oxidatively damaged by ROS, which may lead to carcinogenesis. Here we report a microfluidic electrochemical array designed to rapidly detect oxidation in intact DNA in replicate measurements. Sensor arrays were fabricated by wet-chemistry patterning of gold compact discs. The eight-sensor array is incorporated into a 60 μL microfluidic channel connected to a pump and sample valve. The array features 7 nm thick osmium bipyridyl poly(vinylpyridine) chloride [Os(bpy)2(PVP)10Cl](+) films assembled layer-by-layer with polyions onto the gold sensors. 8-Hydroxy-7,8-hydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is selectively oxidized by [Os(bpy)2(PVP)10Cl](+) in intact ds-DNA to provide catalytic square wave voltammograms (SWV). The device is easy-to-use, fast, inexpensive, reusable, and can detect one 8-oxodG per 6600 nucleobases. The mass detection limit is 150-fold lower than a previously reported dip-and-read voltammetric sensor for oxidized DNA. Fast assays (<1 min) and moderate sample consumption (15 pmol DNA) suggest potential for research and clinical applications. Practical use is illustrated by detecting DNA oxidation from cigarette smoke and ash extracts in dispersions with NADPH and Cu(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , Storrs, CT 06269, United States
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Bae D, Seol H, Yoon HG, Na JR, Oh K, Choi CY, Lee DW, Jun W, Youl Lee K, Lee J, Hwang K, Lee YH, Kim S. Inhaled essential oil from Chamaecyparis obtuse ameliorates the impairments of cognitive function induced by injection of β-amyloid in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:900-910. [PMID: 22468783 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.642886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. & Zucc., Endlicher (Cupressaceae) forest bathing or aromatherapy has been shown in various studies to have biological functions such as anticancer, antiallergies, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant activity. However, no reports exist on the pharmacological or biological activities of the essential oil of C. obtusa (EOCO) or its effects on central nervous system. OBJECTIVE The aggregation and formation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) into fibrils are central events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and overproduction and aggregation of Aβ into oligomers have been known to trigger neurotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhaled EOCO on cognitive function and neuronal apoptosis in rats intrahippocampally injected with Aβ. MATERIALS AND METHODS To model AD, 4 μg of aggregated Aβ was injected into the hippocampus. To test the effects of EOCO, behavioral performance in the Morris water maze was tested 4 days after injection. After behavioral testing, brain sections were prepared for TTC staining and TUNEL assay. RESULTS Inhaled EOCO protected spatial learning and memory from the impairments induced by Aβ(1-40) injection. In addition, the behavioral deficits accompanying Aβ(1-40)-induced AD were attenuated by inhalation of EOCO. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and neuronal apoptosis were significantly inhibited in rats treated with Aβ(1-40) and EOCO compared to rats treated only with Aβ(1-40). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION EOCO suppressed both AD-related neuronal cell apoptosis and AD-related dysfunction of the memory system. Thus, the results of this study support EOCO as a candidate drug for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyuck Bae
- Jeollanamdo Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jeollanamdo 529-851, Korea
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Hepel M, Stobiecka M, Peachey J, Miller J. Intervention of glutathione in pre-mutagenic catechol-mediated DNA damage in the presence of copper(II) ions. Mutat Res 2012; 735:1-11. [PMID: 22683503 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The catechol-mediated DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II) ions involves oxidation of guanine to 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) and DNA strand scission. It proceeds through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The mutagenicity of 8-oxoG lesions is due to its miscoding propensity reflected in GC→TA transversion taking place during the DNA repair process. To gain new insights into the nature of catechol-mediated DNA damage and its prevention, we have investigated the changes in DNA melting characteristics and 8-oxoG formation as the indicators of DNA damage in a model calf-thymus DNA system. A novel fluorescence method for DNA melting temperature determination, based on DAPI fluorescent-probe staining, has been proposed. The DNA melting-onset temperature has been found to be more sensitive to DNA damage than the standard melting temperature due to the increased width of the melting transition observed in oxidatively damaged DNA. We have found that the efficiency of Fenton cascade in generating DNA-damaging ROS is higher for catechol than for GSH, two strong antioxidants, mainly due to the much longer distance between ROS-generating radical group in GS to nucleobases than that of semiquinone radical group to nucleobases (2.1nm vs. 0.27nm), making the ROS transport from GSH an order of magnitude less likely to damage DNA because of short lifetime of HO radicals. The antioxidant and DNA-protecting behaviors of GSH have been elucidated. We have found that the redox potential of GSH/GSSG couple is lower than that of catechol/semiquinone couple. Hence, GSH keeps catechol in the reduced state, thereby shutting down the initial step of the catechol-mediated Fenton cascade. The catechol-induced DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II) ions has also been confirmed in studies of ON-OFF hairpin-oligonucleotide beacons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hepel
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Potsdam, Potsdam, NY 13676, United States.
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Mishra M, Sharma A, Negi MPS, Dwivedi UN, Chowdhuri DK. Tracing the tracks of genotoxicity by trivalent and hexavalent chromium in Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 2011; 722:44-51. [PMID: 21382505 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutagen sensitive strains (mus) in Drosophila are known for their hypersensitivity to mutagens and environmental carcinogens. Accordingly, these mutants were grouped in pre- and post-replication repair pathways. However, studying mutants belonging to one particular repair pathway may not be adequate for examining chemical-induced genotoxicity when other repair pathways may neutralize its effect. To test whether both pre-and post-replication pathways are involved and effect of Cr(III)- and Cr(VI)-induced genotoxicity in absence or presence of others, we used double mutant approach in D. melanogaster. We observed DNA damage as evident by changes in Comet assay DNA migration in cells of larvae of Oregon R(+) and single mutants of pre- (mei-9, mus201 and mus210) and post- (mei-41, mus209 and mus309) replication repair pathways and also in double mutants of different combinations (pre-pre, pre-post and post-post replication repair) exposed to increasing concentrations of Cr(VI) (0.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 μg/ml) for 48 h. The damage was greater in pre-replication repair mutants after exposure to 5.0 μg/ml Cr(VI), while effects on Oregon R(+) and post replication repair mutants were insignificant. Post-replication repair mutants revealed significant DNA damage after exposure to 20.0 μg/ml Cr(VI). Further, double mutants generated in the above repair categories were examined for DNA damage following Cr(VI) exposure and a comparison of damage was studied between single and double mutants. Combinations of double mutants generated in the pre-pre replication repair pathways showed an indifferent interaction between the two mutants after Cr(VI) exposure while a synergistic interaction was evident in exposed post-post replication repair double mutants. Cr(III) (20.0 μg/ml) exposure to these strains did not induce any significant DNA damage in their cells. The study suggests that both pre- and post-replication pathways are affected in Drosophila by Cr(VI) leading to genotoxicity, which may have consequences for metal-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Mishra
- Embryotoxicology Section, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Park HS, Kim SR, Kim JO, Lee YC. The roles of phytochemicals in bronchial asthma. Molecules 2010; 15:6810-34. [PMID: 20924320 PMCID: PMC6259268 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15106810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite gaps in our knowledge of how phytochemicals interfere with cellular functions, several natural plant products are utilized to prevent or treat a wide range of diseases. Identification of an agent with therapeutic potential requires multiple steps involving in vitro studies, efficacy and toxicity studies in animal models, and then human clinical trials. This review provides a brief introduction on natural products that may help to treat and/or prevent bronchial asthma and describes our current understanding of their molecular mechanisms based on various in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. We focus on the anti-inflammatory and anti-vascular actions of the plant products and other roles beyond the anti-oxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Medical School, Daejeon, Korea
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Hisama M, Matsuda S, Tanaka T, Shibayama H, Nomura M, Iwaki M. Suppression of mutagens-induced SOS response by phytoncide solution using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu test. J Oleo Sci 2008; 57:381-90. [PMID: 18536507 DOI: 10.5650/jos.57.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Four types of phytoncide solution (A-Type, AB-Type, D-Type and G-Type) were evaluated as antimutagenic agents with suppressive effects on the SOS-inducing activity of the mutagen 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (furylfuramide) using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu test. The A-Type, AB-Type, D-Type and G-Type of phytoncide solution suppressed the SOS-inducing activity on furylfuramide at a concentration of 100 microg/mL by 86.1%, 74.7%, 69.5% and 55.4%, respectively, and the ID(50) (50% inhibitory dose) values were 9.0 microg/mL, 22.5 microg/mL, 36.0 microg/mL and 72.8 microg/mL. They also showed the suppression of SOS-inducing activity against other chemical mutagens, such as 4-nitroquinolin 1-oxide (4NQO) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), which do not require liver metabolizing enzymes, and against 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which require these enzymes, and against UV irradiation, which is a well known physical mutagen. In the search for the component-activity relationship, the A-Type of phutoncide solution suppressed the SOS-inducing activity greater than the other types of phutoncide solution for furylfuramide, 4NQO and MNNG. However, in case of 2AA and Trp-P-1, the D-Type of phytoncide solution was most effective in suppressing the SOS-inducing activity in the umu test. From these results, the four types of phytoncide solutions showed the suppressive effect of SOS-inducing activity against chemical and physical mutagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Hisama
- Central Research Center, Toyo Beauty Co., Ltd., Higashinakamoto, Osaka, Japan.
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Phatak P, Dai F, Butler M, Nandakumar M, Gutierrez PL, Edelman MJ, Hendriks H, Burger AM. KML001 Cytotoxic Activity Is Associated with Its Binding to Telomeric Sequences and Telomere Erosion in Prostate Cancer Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:4593-602. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-4572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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